This shapefile represents the spatial distribution of mean annual groundwater recharge, in inches, for Molokaʻi, Hawaiʻi for two water-budget scenarios. The two scenarios include: (1) historical drought rainfall and 2020 land cover, and (2) future drought rainfall and 2020 land cover. Historical drought rainfall is monthly rainfall during 1998–2002 from Frazier and others (2016), whereas future drought rainfall is monthly rainfall during 1998–2002 rainfall adjusted for a Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 2071-99 (RCP8.5 2071–99) projection from Elison Timm and others (2015). Monthly rainfall for each scenario was disaggregated into daily values using daily rainfall during 1998–2002 from Longman and others (2019). A 2020 land-cover map developed by Kāne and others (2024a, 2024b) was used to define the land-cover conditions and the model subareas. Groundwater recharge for each model subarea was computed for each scenario using a water-budget model developed by Oki (2022). The shapefile attribute information associated with each subarea present an estimate of mean annual groundwater recharge, and select geographic and land-cover attributes. Brief descriptions of the groundwater recharge estimates and attributes are included in this metadata file. Refer to Mair and others (2024) for further details of the methods and sources used to determine groundwater recharge and the attributes.