does the project build correctly? be sure there are no errors in any of the *.designer.cs files. also you may not have the correct nuget packages.
in general the designer will not work until the projects builds correctly.
migration hint: in the original .net framework project, move as much code as possible to library projects. then convert all library projects to .netstandard 2.0. after this works, convert the main project. also for any 3rd part code, check if they support .net core. if not, replace in the old project first if possible.