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{{Short description|JavaScript engine developed in Java}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=July 2021}}
{{primary sources|date=July 2021}}
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{{Infobox software
| name = Nashorn
| logo =
| screenshot =
| caption =
| developer = [[Oracle Corporation]], OpenJDK Community
| latest release version = 15.7
| latest release date = {{Start date and age|2025|08|21}}
| latest preview version =
| latest preview date =
| operating system = [[Cross-platform]]
| platform = [[Java Virtual Machine]]
| language =
| programming language = [[Java (programming language)|Java]]
| genre = [[JavaScript engine]]
| license = [[GNU General Public License|GPL]] with a linking exception
| website =
}}
'''Nashorn''' is a [[JavaScript engine]] developed in the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] programming language originally by [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] and later by the OpenJDK Community. It relies on the support for dynamically typed languages on the Java Platform (JSR 292) (a concept first realized in the experimental [[Da Vinci Machine]] and a standard part of Java 7 and later.) Nashorn was included with [[Java 8]] through JDK 14.<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.wiki.jvmlangsummit.com/images/c/ce/Nashorn.pdf
| title=Adventures in JSR-292 or How To Be A Duck Without Really Trying
| date=July 2011
| last=Laskey
| first=James | publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]
| access-date=2011-07-24
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160603132421/http://wiki.jvmlangsummit.com/images/c/ce/Nashorn.pdf
| archive-date=2016-06-03
| url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/jdk8-dev/2013-April/002336.html |title=Proposed new schedule for Java 8 |date=2013-04-18 |access-date=2013-04-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://openjdk.java.net/projects/jdk8/ |title=JDK 8 |publisher=OpenJDK |date=2013-04-18 |access-date=2013-04-19}}</ref>
== History ==
The project was announced first at the JVM language summit in July 2011,<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://openjdk.java.net/projects/mlvm/jvmlangsummit/agenda.html
| title=JVM Language Summit — Agenda
| date=July 2011
| publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]
|
| archive-date=2011-08-19
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819110827/http://openjdk.java.net/projects/mlvm/jvmlangsummit/agenda.html
| url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.wiki.jvmlangsummit.com/images/2/27/JVMLS_GES.pdf
| title=JVM Language Summit: Moving Java Forward, aka
| last=Saab
| first=Georges | date=2011-07-19
| publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]
|
| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423215424/http://wiki.jvmlangsummit.com/images/2/27/JVMLS_GES.pdf
| archive-date=2012-04-23
| url-status=dead
}}</ref> and then confirmed at [[JavaOne]] in October 2011.<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.infoworld.com/d/application-development/oracle-prepping-its-nashorn-javascript-engine-175159
| title=Oracle prepping its Nashorn JavaScript engine
| last=Krill|first=Paul
| date=2011-10-05
| publisher=[[InfoWorld]]
| access-date=2011-10-08}}</ref>
On November 21, 2012, Oracle formally announced the [[open sourcing]] of the Nashorn source on the [[OpenJDK]] repository. The project aim will be to allow embedding JavaScript in Java applications via [[Scripting for the Java Platform|JSR-223]] and to develop standalone JavaScript applications.<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://mail.openjdk.java.net/pipermail/announce/2012-November/000139.html
| title=CFV: New Project: Nashorn
| last=Coomes|first=John
| date=2012-11-21
| publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]
| quote=''I hereby propose the creation of the Nashorn Project with Jim Laskey as the Lead and HotSpot group as the sponsoring Group. In accordance with the OpenJDK guidelines [1], we would like to start a new project to implement a lightweight high-performance JavaScript runtime in Java with a native JVM''
| access-date=2012-11-24}}</ref> On December 21, 2012, Oracle announced Nashorn source was publicly released in the [[OpenJDK]] repository.<ref>{{cite web
| url=https://blogs.oracle.com/nashorn/entry/open_for_business
| title=Open for business
| last=Laskey|first=J
| date=2012-12-21
| publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]
| access-date=2012-12-21}}</ref>
It provides a 100% support of [[ECMAScript]] 5.1.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/12/docs/api/jdk.scripting.nashorn/module-summary.html|title = Java Platform, Standard Edition Java API Reference}}</ref> It was the first JavaScript implementation to achieve 100% pass rate on the ECMAScript 5.1 test suite.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/asz/status/258995374847565825|title = Tweet showing all ECMAScript 5.1 tests passing on the screen of a Nashorn developers' computer}}</ref>
With the release of Java 11, Nashorn was deprecated citing challenges to maintenance, and has been removed from JDK 15 onwards.<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://openjdk.java.net/jeps/335
| title=JEP 335: Deprecate the Nashorn JavaScript Engine
| date=2017-07-17
| access-date=2018-09-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://openjdk.java.net/jeps/372 |title=JEP 372: Remove the Nashorn JavaScript Engine |date=2020-01-10 |access-date=2020-07-22}}</ref>
Nashorn development [https://github.com/openjdk/nashorn continues on GitHub] as a standalone [https://openjdk.java.net/projects/nashorn/ OpenJDK project] and the [https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.openjdk.nashorn/nashorn-core separate release] can be used in Java projects from Java 11 and up.
==Name==
[[wikt:Nashorn|''Nashorn'']] {{IPA|de|ˈnaːsˌhɔɐ̯n|}} ("nahss-horn") is the German translation of [[rhinoceros]], a play on words on [[Rhino (JavaScript engine)|Rhino]], the name of a JavaScript engine implemented in Java and provided by [[Mozilla Foundation]]. The latter gets its name from the animal on the cover of the JavaScript book from [[O'Reilly Media]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/jscript5/ |title=JavaScript: The Definitive Guide, 5th Edition |publisher=O'Reilly Media, Inc |access-date=2012-01-31}}</ref>
== Performance ==
According to [[Oracle Corporation|Oracle]] benchmarks, Nashorn performance is several orders of magnitude faster than the alternative [[Rhino (JavaScript engine)|Rhino]] JavaScript engine.<ref>{{cite web
| url=https://blogs.oracle.com/nashorn/entry/nashorn_performance_work_in_the
| title=Nashorn Architecture and Performance Improvements in the Upcoming JDK 8u40 Release
| date=2014-12-12
| publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]
| access-date=2015-09-06}}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal|Free and open-source software}}
*[[List of ECMAScript engines]]
*[[List of
==References==
{{Reflist|
==External links==
*{{URL|2=GitHub project page |https://github.com/openjdk/nashorn/}}
*{{URL|2=Oracle blog (mostly defunct)|https://blogs.oracle.com/nashorn/}}
{{ECMAScript}}
{{Oracle FOSS}}
[[Category:JVM programming languages]]
[[Category:JavaScript engines]]
[[Category:Cross-platform software]]
[[Category:Software using the GPL linking exception]]
[[Category:Oracle software]]
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