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'''Camp Shelby''' is a military post approximately 15 miles south of [[Hattiesburg, Mississippi]], on [[United States Highway 49]]. It is the largest state owned training site in the nation, has a long history of serving the country and is considered by many as “a national treasure.” During wartime, the camp's mission is to serve as a major, independent mobilization station of the [[U.S. Army Forces Command]] (FORSCOM). Camp Shelby Training Site is the largest reserve component training site, covering 136,000 acres, allowing up to battalion level maneuver training, Gunnery Table 8-12, excellent FA Firing Points and a wide range of support facilities. This is the normal Annual Training ___location for [[National Guard]] and Reserve units located in Mississippi, Alabama, and Tennesse. However, units from accross the country use its excellent assets to support a varity of missions. The 2nd BN, 114th FA conducts its gunnery and has the bulk of its combat equipment stored in the Mobilization and Annual Training Equipment Site (MATES) located there.
{{Christianity}}
Camp Shelby Training Site (CSTS), encompassing over 525 square kilometers, is located in portions of [[Perry County, Mississippi|Perry]] and [[Forrest County, Mississippi|Forrest]] Counties, in south Mississippi. The training site was established during [[World War I]] and it has served almost continuously since then as a training site, not only for the Reserve Components of the Army, but also for the Active Components of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force. The training site consists of a mix of State, [[Department of Defense]], and [[U.S. Forest Service]] lands in the [[DeSoto National Forest]].
'''Christian anarchism''' is the belief that there is only one source of authority to which [[Christian|Christians]] are ultimately answerable, the authority of [[God]] as embodied in the teachings of [[Jesus]]. Christian anarchists therefore feel that earthly authority such as [[government]], or indeed the established church do not and should not have power over them. Christian anarchists are [[pacifism|pacifists]] and oppose the use of all physical force, both proactive and reactive. They believe individuals seeking a path to freedom will only be guided by the grace of God if they display compassion for others and [[turn the other cheek]] when confronted by violence.
Encompassing more than 134,820 acres, Camp Shelby, Mississippi is the largest state-owned and operated field training site in the United States. It is a training ground for the [[M1 Abrams|Abrams M1 Tank]], [[Paladin Howitzers]] and home to the 3rd Brigade 87th Division Training Support. Camp Shelby serves as a training site for National Guardsmen and Reservists from throughout the country hosting as many as 100,000 personnel annually.
Its adherents believe this quest for freedom is justified spiritually and quote the teachings of Jesus, some of whom are critical of the existing [[establishment]] and church. They believe all individuals can directly communicate with God and will eventually unify in peace under this one God.
Camp Shelby was established in 1917. The Post was named in honor of [[Isaac Shelby]], Indian fighter, Revolutionary War hero and 1st Governor of Kentucky, by the first troops to train here, the [[38th Division]].
Many regard [[Leo Tolstoy]]'s ''[[The Kingdom of God is Within You]]'' [http://www.kingdomnow.org/withinyou.html] ([[1894]]), read alongside the [[Bible]], to be the founding text for Christian anarchism. Tolstoy called for a society based on compassion, [[nonviolence|nonviolent]] principles and freedom. Leo Tolstoy's work was one of the inspirations behind [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s use of [[nonviolent resistance]] and mass [[civil disobedience]] during the [[Indian Independence Movement]].
In 1934, the State of Mississippi acquired the site for use as a summer camp by the National Guard. Because of Camp Shelby's natural advantages of climate, terrain and ___location, it was reopened in 1940 as a federal installation. Some of the divisions that have trained in Mississippi include the 31st, 37th, 38th, 43rd, 63rd, 65th, 69th, 85th, 94th, and the 99th Divisions.
Some Christian anarchists have opposed war and other [[statism|statist]] aggression through nonviolent [[tax resistance]]. [[Ammon Hennacy]] endorsed this principle. Many Christian anarchists oppose profiting from economic transactions and state capitalism. Most Christian anarchists, such as Tolstoy and Hennacy, are [[vegetarianism|vegetarian]] or [[veganism|vegan]].
The famous [[Japanese American 442nd Regimental Combat Team]] and the [[100th Battalion]] trained here in preparation for [[World War II]]. [[Women's Army Corps]] (WAC) units also trained here. The Post contained a large convalescent hospital and had a prisoner of war camp which housed members of the German Afrika Corps.
== The fall of Rome ==
There are anarchical traces in much of the [[history of Christianity]]. For example, Gibbon felt that [[Christianity]] contributed, perhaps passively, to the fall of the [[Roman Empire]]:
The post closed shortly after the end of World War II. During the [[Korean Conflict]], Camp Shelby was established as an Emergency Railhead Facility.
:"As the happiness of a future life is the great object of religion, we may hear without surprise or scandal that the introduction... of Christianity, had some influence on the decline and fall of the Roman empire." [http://www.ccel.org/g/gibbon/decline/volume1/chap39.htm]
In the summer of 1954, non-divisional National Guard units trained at Camp Shelby and in 1956, it was designated a permanent training site by Continental Army Command (now Forces Command). Over 5,000 troops were processed through Camp Shelby during Desert Storm Operations.
He goes on to suggest that military expansionism gave way to devotion and piety, and religious conflict replaced military conquest.
Camp Shelby is also home to the [[Youth Challenge Program]] (a boot camp for troubled youths)and the [[Mississippi Armed Forces Museum]].
A Washington State University paper states that the Roman Emperor codified, and accommodated to the radical teachings of Jesus:
:...the foundational Christian texts are not only anti-Roman ... but consistently dismissive of human, worldly authority. If Christianity were going to work as a religion in a state ruled by a monarch that demanded worship and absolute authority, it would have to be changed. To this end, Constantine convened a group of Christian bishops at Nicea in 325; there, the basic orthodoxy of Christianity was instantiated in what came to be called the Nicene creed [http://www.mit.edu/~tb/anglican/intro/lr-nicene-creed.html], the basic statement of belief for orthodox Christianity. [http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/ROME/LATE.HTM]
Christianity became the official religion of the Empire in c390. Within a century Rome was overrun by the barbarians, and the Empire began its end.
== The church - The Reformation ==
The Bible illustrates that the original Christians, shortly after His death, were living an anarchist-like way of life, with "no poor", and "total equality".
Anarchist, or at least anti-establishment, principles are found in the [[Reformation]] idea that the individual believer could have a direct relationship with God. The earlier notion that salvation had to be earned through a range of good works and practices, interpreted and prescribed by the Church, was left behind. Instead, the concept of grace was seen to produce salvation for genuine believers who accept and follow God's revealed word. This simple, apparently uncontroversial interpretation of scripture seriously threatened the centuries of established Church power, wealth and authority.
== Other trends towards anarchism ==
The [[Anabaptist]] Protestant sect was seen as anarchic in 15th century Germany, at the time of the Reformation. Some of its adherents lived in communal settlements and vowed to overthrow the established Government. This led to extensive military conflict at the time. Since the 17th century in England there have been various [[Nonconformism|nonconformists]] and [[English Dissenters|dissenters]] that have opposed the state and the established church.
Of particular note are two Latter Day Saint sects with Anabaptist and [[Restorationism]] affinities, the [[Community of Christ]] and [[Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]], both of which have attempted to live what is known as the "[[Law of Consecration and Stewardship]]" and "[[United Order of Enoch]]" on several occasions. Communitarian in nature and sharing some aspects of anarchism, the "Law of Consecration" was administered both on a local and church wide basis.
In the early 20th century the Community of Christ, under the leadership of Frederick Madison Smith, grandson of Latter Day Saint movement founder Joseph Smith Jr., laid the basis for research and development efforts toward gathering members of the Community of Christ to the Kansas City Missouri region ("the Centerplace") to build a cooperative commonwealth ("Zion") networking the cooperative economies of its federated local jurisdictions organised as "stakes". Raymond Zinser and Wilford Winholtz are notable Latter Day Saint advocates of the Cause of Zion.
== The Doukhobors ==
The [[Doukhobors]] ("Spirit Wrestlers") are a radical Christian sect that maintain a belief in [[pacifism]] and a communal lifestyle, while rejecting secular government, the Bible, and the divinity of Jesus. The Doukhobors fled repression in Tsarist Russia and migrated to Canada, mostly in the provinces of [[Saskatchewan]] and [[British Columbia]], the funds for the trip were paid for by [[Religious Society of Friends|Quakers]] and the Russian novelist [[Leo Tolstoy]]. As an interesting historical sidenote, Canada was suggested to Leo Tolstoy as a safe-haven for the Doukhobors by anarchist [[Peter Kropotkin]] who, while on a speaking tour across the country, observed the religious tolerance experienced by the [[Mennonites]].
== Catholic Worker Movement ==
The [[Catholic Worker]] Movement, founded by [[Dorothy Day]] and [[Peter Maurin]] on [[May 1]], [[1933]], is a Christian movement dedicated to nonviolence and voluntary poverty. Over 130 Catholic Worker communities exist in the United States where "houses of hospitality" care for the homeless. The [[Joe Hill House]] of hospitality (which closed in [[1968]]) in Salt Lake City, Utah featured an enormous twelve feet by fifteen foot mural of Jesus Christ and [[Joe Hill]].
The Catholic Worker Movement has consistently protested against war and violence for over seven decades. Many of the leading figures in the movement have been both anarchists and pacifists. Catholic Worker [[Ammon Hennacy]] defined Christian anarchism as:
:"...being based upon the answer of Jesus to the [[Pharisees]] when Jesus said that he without sin should be the first to cast the stone, and upon the [[Sermon on the Mount]] which advises the return of good for evil and the turning of the other cheek. Therefore, when we take any part in government by voting for legislative, judicial, and executive officials, we make these men our arm by which we cast a stone and deny the Sermon on the Mount.
:The dictionary definition of a Christian is one who follows Christ; kind, kindly, Christ-like. Anarchism is voluntary cooperation for good, with the right of secession. A Christian anarchist is therefore one who turns the other cheek, overturns the tables of the moneychangers, and does not need a cop to tell him how to behave. A Christian anarchist does not depend upon bullets or ballots to achieve his ideal; he achieves that ideal daily by the One-Man Revolution with which he faces a decadent, confused, and dying world".
== Anarchist Biblical views and principles ==
Many Christian anarchists hold a [[higher criticism|higher critical]] view of the Bible and therefore do not feel obliged to follow the complete text as law. They base their beliefs on what they think are the simple principles and historic messages of Jesus, rather than obediently following every passage in the Christian Bible. Leo Tolstoy and Ammon Hennacy subscribed to this [[philosophy]].
One of the key historic messages Christian anarchists practise is the principle of [[nonviolence]], [[nonresistance]] and [[turn the other cheek|turning the other cheek]], which is illustrated in many passages of the [[New Testament]] but perhaps most clearly described in the sixth commandment, [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Exodus%2020:13;&version=9 Exodus 20:13] and [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Deuteronomy%205:17;&version=9 Deuteronomy 5:17], "Thou shall not kill".
Some Biblical literalists suggest there is complete compatibility between the Christian Bible and anarchism. They regard groups like the [[Amish]] and [[Mennonite]]s, who even though they may not see themselves as such, as anarchists by their complete dedication to pacifism and opposition to participate in coercion or violence sanctioned by the state. However many Mennonites vote, participate in political campaigns, even run for public office, accept protection by police and governmental institutions, or serve on juries which are ostensibly not characteristic of anarchists. Being pacifists though limits their participation in the state.
More recently, the anarchist wing of the [[libertarian]] movement has gained some followers from Christian fundamentalists, influencing them to study writings of historical anarchists like Tolstoy, [[Lysander Spooner]] and even [[Peter Kropotkin]]. This new group, who take the name Christian anarchists, also include [[anarcho-capitalist]]s who are outside the historical anarchist movement. Unlike traditional Christian anarchists, many of these people are not strict pacifists. They believe the right to [[self defense]] exists for individuals, but do not believe the state should organise a military force for mutual self defense, as [[statism|statists]] advocate. They argue war is essentially about power and domination in which the opposition is dehumanized through [[propaganda]] and nationalistic [[patriotism]].
One challenge to the legitimacy of states and state control is found in [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Luke%204:5-8;&version=31; Luke 4:5-8], during the Temptation of Christ, where the Bible quotes [[Satan]] as claiming dominion over all the nations of the earth and Jesus replies that not only will he not worship before Satan, but that God is the only authority to be "served". This passage does not directly refer to human rulers. However sometimes it may be necessary to disobey human rulers in order to obey God ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Acts%204:19;&version=31; Acts 4:19]).
The most common challenge for the Biblical literalists is integrating the passage in [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Romans%2013:1-7;&version=31; Romans 13:1-7] where Paul defends obedience to "governing authorities." Christian anarchists argue that this chapter is particularly worded to make it clear that organizations like the [[Roman Empire]] cannot qualify as governing authorities. If it could, then, according to Paul, "they [Christians] would have praise from the authorities" for doing good. Instead the early Christians were martyred by the Roman government for doing good. Further, the "governing authorities" that are legitimate in the passage were never given the authority to make laws, merely to enforce the [[natural law]]s against "doing harm to a neighbor" in verses 8-10. This interpretation makes all statute laws of states illegitimate.
=== Biblical passages cited by anarchists ===
* Thou shall not kill ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Exodus%2020:13;&version=9 Exodus 20:13]).
* Put your sword back in its place, for all who draw the sword will die by the sword ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Mathew%2026:52;&version=31 Matthew 26:52]).
* Do to others what you would have them do to you ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Matthew%207:12;&version=31 Matthew 7:12]).
* Love your neighbour as yourself ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Mark%2012:31;&version=64 Mark 12:31]).
* Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Luke%206:27;&version=31 Luke 6:27]).
* But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If someone strikes you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Matthew%205:39;&version=31 Matthew 5:39]).
* My kingdom is not of this world ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=John%2018:36;&version=31 John 18:36]).
* We must obey God rather than men ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Acts%205:29;&version=31 Acts 5:29]).
* For our struggle is not against flesh and blood, but against the rulers, against the authorities, against the powers of this dark world and against the spiritual forces of evil in the heavenly realms ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Ephesians%206:12;&version=31 Ephesians 6:12]).
=== Anarchist Biblical interpretations ===
* To seek rule by man is to reject the rule of God ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=1%20Samuel%208;&version=31 1 Samuel 8]).
* Honest people are too busy making an honest living to accept political power, so only the corruptible will accept political power (''The Parable of the Trees'' [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Judges%209:7-15;&version=31 Judges 9:7-15]).
* The devil controls man-made governments ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Matthew%204:8-10;&version=64 Matthew 4:8-10]).
* The gentiles have rulers over them, but it shall not be so among Christians ([http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Mark%2010:42-45;&version=64 Mark 10:42-45]). (Notice that the word for rulers here in the Greek is ''archos''. Therefore some say Christians are by simple deduction ''an-archos'' or in English ''anarchists'').
== Quotes ==
* All violence consists in some people forcing others, under threat of suffering or death, to do what they do not want to do - Leo Tolstoy.
* In all history there is no war which was not hatched by the governments, the governments alone, independent of the interests of the people, to whom war is always pernicious even when successful - Leo Tolstoy.
* The only people on earth who do not see Christ and His teachings as nonviolent are Christians - Mahatma Gandhi.
* Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself - Leo Tolstoy.
* In the name of God, stop a moment, cease your work, look around you - Leo Tolstoy.
* Oh, judge, your damn laws: the good people don't need them and the bad people don't follow them, so what good are they? - Ammon Hennacy.
* An anarchist is anyone who doesn't need a cop to tell him what to do - Ammon Hennacy.
* Being a pacifist between wars is as easy as being a vegetarian between meals - Ammon Hennacy.
== Thinkers ==
=== Søren Kierkegaard ===
[[Søren Kierkegaard]] (1813 - 1855), a Danish philosopher and theologian who some consider to be the archetypal Christian anarchist for his theory that the claims culture and state make on an individual lie in opposition to the claim God makes on all people. Kierkegaard advocated perfect obedience to God even if that conflicted with the secular law and government. He has been compared to [[Max Stirner]], the great [[individualist anarchist]]. Kierkegaard is regarded as the father of [[Christian existentialism]].
=== Henry David Thoreau ===
[[Henry David Thoreau]] (1817 - 1862) was an American author, [[pacifism|pacifist]], nature lover, [[tax resistance|tax resister]] and [[individualist anarchist]]. He was an advocate of [[civil disobedience]] and a lifelong [[abolitionism|abolitionist]], who dreamt of the world becoming a [[utopia]]. Though not commonly regarded as a Christian anarchist, his essay ''[[Civil Disobedience (Thoreau)|Civil Disobedience]]'' (available at [[wikisource:Civil Disobedience - Henry David Thoreau|wikisource]]) is accredited with influencing some of Leo Tolstoy's ideas.
=== Leo Tolstoy ===
[[Leo Tolstoy]] (1828 - 1910) is notable for having written extensively on his anarchist principles, which he arrived at via his Christian faith. Notably his books ''[[The Kingdom of God is Within You]]'' [http://www.kingdomnow.org/withinyou.html], ''[[The Gospel in Brief]]'' and ''[[Christianity and Patriotism]]'' which critised government and the church in general. He called for a society based on compassion, nonviolent principles and freedom. Tolstoy was a [[pacifism|pacifist]] and a [[vegetarianism|vegetarian]]. His vision for an equitable society was an anarchist version of [[Georgism]], to which he mentions specifically in his novel ''[[Resurrection_%28novel%29|Resurrection]]''.
=== Nikolai Berdyaev ===
[[Nikolai Berdyaev]] (1874 - 1948), the orthodox Christian philosopher has been called the philosopher of freedom and is known as a Christian existentialist. He does not advocate anarchic chaos but is a supporter of anarchism, even though he wrote that "the Kingdom of God is based on anarchy". He believed that freedom ultimately comes from God, in opposition to other anarchists such as [[Mikhail Bakunin]] who have suggested that freedom comes from nature.
=== Ammon Hennacy ===
[[Ammon Hennacy]] (1893 - 1970) is notable for writing extensively on his work with the Catholic Workers and at the Joe Hill House of Hospitality. He was a practicing anarchist, draft dodger, vegetarian and tax resister. His autobiography ''[[The Book of Ammon]]'' describes his work in nonviolent, anarchist, social action, and provides insight into the lives of Christian anarchists in the United States of the 20th century. His other books are ''[[One Man Revolution in America]]'' and ''[[The Autobiography of a Catholic Anarchist]]''. Ammon Hennacy is also noted for several famous quotations dealing with force, law, and state powers which continue to inspire nonviolent anarchist action today.
=== Jacques Ellul ===
[[Jacques Ellul]] (1912 - 1994) was a French thinker, sociologist, theologian and Christian anarchist. He wrote several books against the "technological society", and some about Christianity and politics, like ''[[Anarchy and Christianity]]'' (1991) explaining that anarchism and Christianity are socially following the same goal.
===Thomas J. Hagerty===
[[Thomas J. Hagerty]] was a [[Catholic]] priest from New Mexico, USA, and one of the founding members of the [[Industrial Workers of the World]] (IWW). Hagerty is credited with writing the IWW Preamble, assisting in the composition of the Industrial Union Manifesto and drawing up the [http://www.iww.org/cic/history/hagertys.html first chart of industrial organization]. He was ordained in [[1892]] but his formal association with the church ended when he was suspended by his archbishop for urging miners in Colorado to revolt during his tour of mining camps in [[1903]]. Hagerty is not commonly regarded as a Christian anarchist in the [[Tolstoyan]] tradition but rather an [[anarcho-syndicalism|anarcho-syndicalist]]. Christian anarchists like Dorothy Day and Ammon Hennacy have been members of the Industrial Workers of the World and found common cause with the [[axiom]] "an injury to one is an injury to all".
== Other Christian anarchists ==
* [[Philip Berrigan]] was an internationally renowned [[peace activist]] and [[Catholicism|Roman Catholic]] priest. He and his brother [[Daniel Berrigan]] were on the [[FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives]] list for "illegal" [[nonviolence|nonviolent]] actions against war. Philip was twice nominated for the [[Nobel Peace Prize]].
* [[Roy Bourgeois]] after leaving the US armed forces gained experience in South America as a missionary and agitated against the inhuman practices of those trained in the [[School of the Americas]] [http://www.itvs.org/fatherroy/bios.html].
* [[Dorothy Day]] of the [[Catholic Worker Movement]].
== Criticism ==
Some say passages such as [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Romans%2013:1-7;&version=31; Romans 13:1-7], [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=1%20Peter%202:13-17;&version=31; 1 Peter 2:13-17] and [http://www.biblegateway.net/passage/?search=Mark%2012:13-17;&version=31; Mark 12:13-17] show that it is appropriate to submit to human governments, and that these have roles in restraining evil. Christian anarchists counter this by stating that submission and obedience are not the same thing and that these passages reflect a call for Christians to submit to persecution at the hands of government while offering obedience only to God. They argue that the larger context of these passages highlight Christ's example of self-sacrifice and his loving submission to oppressors rather than returning evil for evil. A case for this understanding of these scriptures is argued here: [http://www.jesusradicals.com/essays/theology/Romans13.htm Deconstructing Romans 13: Verse 1-2]
== Organisations ==
* [[Christian Peacemaker Teams]]
* [[Plowshares Movement]]
== See also ==
* [[Mahatma Gandhi]] ([[1929]]) ''[[The Story of My Experiments with Truth]]'' (available at [[wikisource:An Autobiography or The Story of my Experiments with Truth|wikisource]])
* [[Richard Bach]] ([[1970]]) ''[[Jonathan Livingston Seagull]]''
* [[Franco Zeffirelli]] ([[1977]]) ''[[Jesus of Nazareth (movie)|Jesus of Nazareth]]''
* [[Richard Attenborough]] ([[1982]]) ''[[Gandhi (film)|Gandhi]]''
* [[Paulo Coelho]] ([[1988]]) ''[[The Alchemist (book)|The Alchemist]]''
* [[Christian vegetarianism]]
* [[Popular opposition to the 2003 Iraq War]]
== Reference ==
* [[Leo Tolstoy]] ([[1894]]). ''[[The Kingdom of God is Within You]]'' [http://www.kingdomnow.org/withinyou.html]. ISBN 0803294042
* [[Ammon Hennacy]] ([[1994]]). ''[[The Book of Ammon]]''. Fortkamp/Rose Hill.
* [[Dave Andrews]] ([[1999]]). ''[[Christi-anarchy: Discovering a radical spirituality of compassion]]''. Lion Publishing. ISBN 0745942342
== External links ==
* [http://www.rad.net.nz/anarchist_bible_commentary/ Anarchist Bible Commentary Wiki]
* [http://www.catholicworker.org/ Catholic Workers]
* [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Lost_Religion_of_Jesus/ Christian anarchism Yahoo! Group community]
* [http://www.compassionatespirit.com/index.htm Compassionate Spirit]
* [http://www.jesusradicals.org Jesus Radicals]
* [http://www.kingdomnow.org/ Kingdom Now! Radical Christian Community]
* [http://www.lovarchy.org/ Lovarchy] - Anarchy with a heart
* [http://www.theapostlesscreed.com/ The Apostles Creed]
* [http://www.ekklesiaproject.org/ The Ekklesia Project]
* [http://www.kingdomnow.org/withinyou.html The Kingdom of God Is Within You by Leo Tolstoy] - Free e-text English translation
* [http://members.aol.com/XianAnarch/homepage.htm Vine & Fig Tree - The Christian Anarchist]
* [http://www.catholicworker.org/communities/commlistall.cfm Directory of Catholic Worker Communities]
* [http://www.fredsakademiet.dk/library/tolstoj/tolstoy.htm Tolstoy's Legacy for Mankind: A Manifesto for Nonviolence, Part 1]
* [http://www.fredsakademiet.dk/library/tolstoj/tolstoy2.htm#contents Tolstoy's Legacy for Mankind: A Manifesto for Nonviolence, Part 2]
[[Category:Christianity]]
[[Category:Christian denominations]]
[[Category:Christian philosophy]]
[[Category:Pacifism]]
[[Category:Peace]]
[[Category:Political theories]]
[[Category:Vegetarianism]]
[[Category:Anarchism]]
[[Category:Taxation]]
[[Category:Religion and politics]]
[[es:Anarcocristianismo]]
[[fr:Anarchisme chrétien]]
[[ro:Anarhism creştin]]
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