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|url = http://www.csail.mit.edu/timeline/timeline.php?query=event&id=19
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</ref> Topics such as [[data abstraction]] and [[modularity (programming)|modular programming]] were common points of discussion at this time.
Independently of later MIT work such as AED, [[Simula]] was developed during the years 1961-1967.<ref name=simuladev/> Simula introduced important concepts that are today an essential part of object-oriented programming, such as [[Class (computer programming)|class]] and [[Object (computer science)|object]], inheritance, and [[Dynamic binding (computing)|dynamic binding]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite journal|last = Holmevik|first = Jan Rune|title = Compiling Simula: A historical study of technological genesis|journal = IEEE Annals of the History of Computing|volume = 16|issue = 4|pages = 25–37|year = 1994|url = http://www.idi.ntnu.no/grupper/su/publ/simula/holmevik-simula-ieeeannals94.pdf|doi = 10.1109/85.329756|s2cid = 18148999|access-date = 3 March 2018|archive-date = 30 August 2017|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170830065454/http://www.idi.ntnu.no/grupper/su/publ/simula/holmevik-simula-ieeeannals94.pdf|url-status = dead}}</ref> The object-oriented Simula programming language was used mainly by researchers involved with [[physical modelling]], such as models to study and improve the movement of ships and their content through cargo ports.<ref name="auto"/>
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