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The '''Scheme programming language''' is a [[functional programming language|functional]] [[programming language]] which is a dialect of [[Lisp]]. It was developed by [[Guy L. Steele]] and [[Gerald J. Sussman]] in the [[1970s]] and introduced to the academic world via a series of papers now referred to as Sussman and Steele's 'Lambda Papers.'
It was the first variety of Lisp to feature [[lexical variable scoping]] rather than [[dynamic variable scoping]].
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=== Standards ===
There are two standards that define the Scheme language: the official IEEE standard, and a de facto standard called the ''Revised<sup>n<sup>th</sup></sup> Report on the Algorithmic Language Scheme'', nearly always abbreviated R<sup>n</sup>RS, where <I>n</I> is the number of the revision. The latest R<sup>n</sup>RS version is R<sup>5</sup>RS, available online at http://www.schemers.org/Documents/Standards/R5RS/ .
=== Examples ===
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*http://www.scheme.com/ - Chez Scheme, a proprietary freeware Scheme interpreter and commercial Scheme compiler for [[Microsoft Windows]] and several [[UNIX]] systems
*http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/ - GNU Guile, a [[free software|free]] Scheme interpreter packaged as a library that provides scripting to applications. The [[GIMP]] paint program uses Guile as part of GIMP's Script-fu system.
*http://www.plt-scheme.org/ - The PLT Scheme suite, a suite of Scheme programs for Windows, Mac, and Unix platforms including an interpreter (MzScheme), a graphical toolkit (MrEd), a pedagogically-oriented graphical editor (DrScheme), and various other components including [[COM]] and [[ODBC]] libraries.
=== Additional Resources ===
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*http://www.htdp.org/ - Online book ''How to Design Programs'' which purports to teach programming using Scheme. The authors seem to have some very clear ideas on how they think teaching programming should be done.
*http://www.scheme.com/tspl2ed.html - Online book ''The Scheme Programming Language'' by R. Kent Dybvig. A useful language reference.
*http://library.readscheme.org/ - A bibliography of Scheme-related research including links to online versions of many academic papers, including all of the original 'Lambda Papers.'
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