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'''Modular Function Deployment''' (MFD) is a method for creating modular product architectures, based on research performed at [[KTH Royal Institute of Technology]] in the 1990s.<ref>Gunnar Erixon: "Modular Function Deployment – A Method for Product Modularisation", Ph.D. Thesis [http://swepub.kb.se/bib/swepub:oai:DiVA.org:kth-2619?tab2=abs&language=en], The Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 1998. TRITA-MSM R-98-1, ISSN 1104-2141, ISRN KTH/MSM/R-98/1-SE.</ref> As a result of said research, the company [https://www.modularmanagement.com/ Modular Management] was registered in 1996, offering consultancy services centered on the MFD method.<ref>{{Cite web|title=About - Modular Management|url=https://www.modularmanagement.com/about|access-date=2021-02-16|website=www.modularmanagement.com|language=en}}</ref>
With a modular product architecture, companies can offer a wide range of products and services without increasing complexity, since modules and module variants, like blocks of [[LEGO]], can be configured in many different ways. The MFD method ensures that each module has functional, strategic and customer-centric value and can be combined with other modules through standardized interfaces.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Ericsson|first=Anna|url=https://books.google.se/books?hl=sv&lr=&id=M-SPpezS7WkC&oi=fnd&pg=PP12&ots=ZJHPa7X7ZN&sig=8lWXS6qsDbAus0W31T-X6oViLzE&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=lego&f=false|title=Controlling Design Variants: Modular Product Platforms|last2=Erixon|first2=Gunnar|date=1999|publisher=Society of Manufacturing Engineers|isbn=978-0-87263-514-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lehtonen|first=Timo|title=Designing Modular Product Architecture in the New Product Development|url=https://trepo.tuni.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/114367/lehtonen713.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|url-status=live}}</ref> A modular product architecture can enable [[mass customization]], where customers configure and order personalized - rather than ready-made - products and services.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mikkola|first=J. H.|date=February 2007|title=Management of Product Architecture Modularity for Mass Customization: Modeling and Theoretical Considerations|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/4077236|journal=IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management|volume=54|issue=1|pages=57–69|doi=10.1109/TEM.2006.889067|issn=1558-0040}}</ref>
==Five Steps==
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