Computer algebra system: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 03:52, 28 November 2024

Revision as of 03:53, 28 November 2024

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== History ==

[[File:Computer algebra systemTI-Nspire.jpg|thumb|A Texas Instruments [[TI-Nspire]] calculator that contains a computer algebra system]]

In the 1950s, while computers were mainly used for numerical computations, there were some research projects into using them for symbolic manipulation,. suchComputer asalgebra SAINTsystems developedbegan byto James Slagle, which can solve symbolic integration problemsappear in freshmanthe calculus.<ref>Slagle,1960s Jamesand R.evolved "Aout heuristicof programtwo thatquite solvesdifferent symbolicsources—the integrationrequirements problemsof intheoretical freshmanphysicists calculus."and ''Journalresearch of the ACM (JACM)'' 10.4into (1963):[[artificial 507-520intelligence]].</ref>

A prime example for the first development was the pioneering work conducted by the later Nobel Prize laureate in physics [[Martinus Veltman]], who designed a program for symbolic mathematics, especially high-energy physics, called [[Schoonschip]] (Dutch for "clean ship") in 1963. AnotherOther early systemsystems wasinclude [[FORMAC (programming language)|FORMAC]].

Computer algebra systems began to appear in the 1960s and evolved out of two quite different sources—the requirements of theoretical physicists and research into [[artificial intelligence]].

A prime example for the first development was the pioneering work conducted by the later Nobel Prize laureate in physics [[Martinus Veltman]], who designed a program for symbolic mathematics, especially high-energy physics, called [[Schoonschip]] (Dutch for "clean ship") in 1963. Another early system was [[FORMAC (programming language)|FORMAC]].

Using [[Lisp (programming_language)|Lisp]] as the programming basis, [[Carl Engelman]] created [[MATHLAB]] in 1964 at [[MITRE]] within an artificial-intelligence research environment. Later MATHLAB was made available to users on PDP-6 and PDP-10 systems running TOPS-10 or TENEX in universities. Today it can still be used on [[SIMH]] emulations of the PDP-10. MATHLAB ("'''math'''ematical '''lab'''oratory") should not be confused with [[MATLAB]] ("'''mat'''rix '''lab'''oratory"), which is a system for numerical computation built 15 years later at the [[University of New Mexico]].