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* A language construct that facilitates the bundling of data with the methods operating on that data.<ref>Wm. Paul Rogers, [http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-05-2001/jw-0518-encapsulation.html?page=9 ''Encapsulation is not information hiding''], JavaWorld.com, 05/18/01</ref><ref>Thomas M. Connolly, Carolyn E. Begg, ''Database systems: a practical approach to design, implementation, and management'', Edition 4, Pearson Education, 2005, ISBN 0321210255, Chapter 25, "Introduction to Object DMBS", section "Object-oriented concepts", p. 814</ref>
Programming language researchers and academics generally use the first meaning alone or in combination with the second in order to distinguish objects from mere [[Record (computer science)|records]], which may contain function literal of function pointer in some languages. The second definition is motivated by the fact that in many OOP languages hiding of components is not automatic or can be overridden.<!-- this is based on all the refs given above, so no inline cite here-->
== Information hiding mechanism ==
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