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The archipelago lies about 360 miles from the coast of [[Africa]], 535 miles from [[Lisbon]], 240 from [[Tenerife]], and 480 from Santa Maria, the nearest of the [[Azores]].
[[Madeira Island]] is the largest island of the group with 741 km², has a length of 30 geographical miles (57 km), an extreme breadth of 13 miles (22 km), and a coastline of 80 or 90 miles. Its longer axis lies east and west, in which direction it is traversed by a mountain chain, the backbone of the island, having a mean altitude of 4000 feet (1220 metres), up to which many deep ravines penetrate from both coasts.
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