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==Methods of human-based computation==
* [[Interactive genetic algorithm]] [Sims 91] IGA enables the user to create an abstract drawing only be selecting his/her favorite images displayed on the computer screen, so human performs fitness computation. [Unemi 1998] Simulated breeding style introduces no explicit fitness, just selection, which is easier for human. In a typical IGA system, a computer program generate an image and presents it to a human user for evaluation/classification.
* [[Wiki]] [Cunningham 95] enables editing the web content by multiple users, but more importantly, provides the mechanism for reversing the changes that allows for selection among several versions of the page. Wiki is sometimes interpreted as the backronym for "What I know is", which describes the knowledge contribution, storage and exchange function.
* [[Human-based genetic algorithm]] [Kosorukoff 98] HBGA uses human selection in the same way as IGA, but also enables users to take part in the innovation performing intelligent mutation and crossover, thus all operators of a typical GA are now outsourced to humans (hence the name '''human-based''')
* [[Captcha]] (reverse Turing test) [Lillibridge 98] Automated tests to distinguish a human user from a computer program using open problems in AI that have no suitable algorithmic solutions. In some sense, they are also a reverse of IGA: a computer program generates an image and presents it to an agent for evaluation/classification, but uses a reply of the agent to classify it into human or non-human category.
* Interactive online word-guessing games [Burgener 99, von Ahn 03]: Programs that extract knowledge from people in an entertaining way. Many can be described in terms of IGA or HBGA model.
==References==
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