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* Transmitting information about the user's reading habits and browsing activities to various websites.{{Which?|date=December 2011}} Web pages frequently do this for [[web analytics]], [[ad tracking]], [[personalization]] or other purposes.{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}
Because JavaScript code can run locally in a user's browser (rather than on a remote server), the browser can respond to user actions quickly, making an application more responsive. Furthermore, JavaScript code can detect user actions which HTML alone cannot, such as individual keystrokes. Applications such as [[Gmail]] take advantage of this: much of the user-interface logic is written in JavaScript, and JavaScript dispatches requests for information (such as the content of an e-mail message) to the server. The wider trend of [[Ajax (programming)|Ajax]] programming similarly exploits this strength.
A [[JavaScript engine]] (also known as ''JavaScript interpreter'' or ''JavaScript implementation'') is an [[interpreter (computing)|interpreter]] that interprets JavaScript [[source code]] and executes the [[computer program|script]] accordingly. The first JavaScript engine was created by [[Brendan Eich]] at [[Netscape Communications Corporation]], for the [[Netscape Navigator]] [[web browser]]. The engine, code-named [[SpiderMonkey (JavaScript engine)|SpiderMonkey]], is implemented in [[C (programming language)|C]]. It has since been updated (in JavaScript 1.5) to conform to ECMA-262 Edition 3. The [[Rhino (JavaScript engine)|Rhino]] engine, created primarily by Norris Boyd (formerly of Netscape; now at Google) is a JavaScript implementation in [[Java (programming language)|Java]]. Rhino, like SpiderMonkey, is ECMA-262 Edition 3 compliant.
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