Serial memory processing: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 05:44, 8 April 2012

Revision as of 06:04, 8 April 2012

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;Stimuli grouping effects

* Spatial Grouping refers to items in the memory set being grouped spatially (e.g. item's 1,2,3 are in the top right corner and item's 4,5,6 are in the bottom left corner). The longer the spatial pathway from item to item, the slower the recall and lower the accuracy. Item's that have a small spatial pathway between them are remembered better and recalled faster <ref name=Parmentier />

Items in a serial memory can be presented in ways that promote grouping. Individuals can group the memory items spatially and temporally. <ref name=Parmentier />

* Temporal Grouping refers to items in the member set being presented temporally (e.g. item's 1,2,3 are presented simultaneously and then 5 seconds later item's 4,5,6 are presented simultaneously). When item's are grouped temporally, the accuracy of recall is higher than when they are not grouped as so. As well, evidence for participants created groupings even when items are not temporally grouped (e.g. recall RT's peak at 1st,4th,7th items) <ref name=Parmentier />

* Spatial Groupinggrouping refers to the items in the original memory set being grouped spatiallyby (e.gtheir spatial characteristics. item'sAn 1,2,3example areof this would be presenting the first three items in the top right corner, and item'sthe 4,5,6remaining arethree items in the bottom left corner). TheThese items are now grouped into two groups of three based on their spatial attributes. As well, it has been found that the longer the spatial pathwaypathways from item to item, the slower the recall time and the lower the accuracy of recall. Item'sTherefore, item’s that have a small spatial pathway between them, are remembered better and recalled faster. <ref name=Parmentier />

Temporal grouping refers to the items in the original memory set being grouped by their temporal characteristics. An example of this would be presenting the first three items simultaneously, then waiting five seconds, and then presenting the remaining three items. These items are now grouped into two groups of three based on their temporal attributes. It has been found that when item’s are grouped temporally, the accuracy of recall is higher than when they are not. As well, there is evidence that participants may create their own temporal groupings. In a memory task where items were not temporally grouped, the reaction times of recall for the 1st, 4th and 7th (out of 9) items were significantly faster. Showing evidence for participants creating their own temporal group of three. <ref name=Parmentier />

;Other errors

* Serial position errors are different and independent from acoustic errors. Acoustic errors represent items that are phonologically similar (''related to Suffix effect (e.g. A, Q)'') <ref name=Bjork />