GivenIn a[[multivariate setstatistics]] of data points A,and the [[similaritycluster matrixanalysis|clustering]] may be defined as a matrix <math>S</math>, where <math>S_{ij}</math> represents a measure of the similarity between points <math>idata, j\in A</math>. '''Spectralspectral clustering''' techniques make use of the [[Spectrum of a matrix|spectrum]] ([[eigenvalues]]) of the [[similarity matrix]] of the data to perform [[dimensionality reduction]] forbefore clustering in fewer dimensions. The similarity matrix is provided as an input and consists of a quantiative assessment of the relative similarity of each pair of points in the dataset.