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While a common term for this activity is "data analysis" the activity actually has more in common with the ideas and methods of [[Synthesis|synthesis]] (putting things together) than it does in the original meaning of the term [[Analysis|analysis]] (taking things apart). This is because the activity strives to bring the data structures of interest together in a cohesive, inseparable, whole by eliminating unnecessary data redundancies and relating data structures by relationships.
In the early phases of a software development project, emphasis will be on the design of a [[conceptual schema|conceptual data model]]. This can be detailed into a [[logical data model]] sometimes called a [[functional data model]]. In later stages, this model may be translated into [[physical data model]].
Several techniques have been developed for the design of a data models. Most noticeable are:
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