Functional programming: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 05:40, 28 October 2016

Revision as of 15:51, 28 October 2016

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Functional programming has long been popular in academia, but with few industrial applications.<ref name='programmingScala'>{{cite book | first1 = Martin | last1 = Odersky | first2 = Lex | last2 = Spoon | first3 = Bill | last3 = Venners | date = December 13, 2010 | title = Programming in Scala: A Comprehensive Step-by-step Guide | publisher = [[Artima Inc]] | edition = 2nd | pages = 883/852 | isbn = 978-0-9815316-4-9 | url = http://www.artima.com/shop/programming_in_scala_2ed }}</ref>{{rp|page 11}} However, recently several prominent functional programming languages have been used in commercial or industrial systems. For example, the [[Erlang (programming language)|Erlang]] programming language, which was developed by the [[Sweden|Swedish]] company [[Ericsson]] in the late 1980s, was originally used to implement fault-tolerant telecommunications systems.<ref name="armstrong2007"/> It has since become popular for building a range of applications at companies such as [[T-Mobile]], [[Nortel]], [[Facebook]], [[Électricité de France]] and [[WhatsApp]].<ref name="erlang-faq"/><ref name="larson2009"/><ref>{{cite conference | last = Piro | first = Christopher | title = Functional Programming at Facebook | url = http://cufp.galois.com/2009/abstracts.html#ChristopherPiroEugeneLetuchy | year = 2009 | conference = CUFP 2009 | accessdate = 2009-08-29 }}</ref><ref name="Sim-Diasca"/><ref name="whatsapp.blog.2012">[http://blog.whatsapp.com/index.php/2012/01/1-million-is-so-2011/ 1 million is so 2011] // WhatsApp blog, 2012-01-06: "the last important piece of our infrastracture is Erlang"</ref> The [[Scheme (programming language)|Scheme]] dialect of [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]] was used as the basis for several applications on early [[Apple Macintosh]] computers,<ref name="clinger1987"/><ref name="hartheimer1987"/> and has more recently been applied to problems such as training [[Computer simulation|simulation software]]<ref name="kidd2007"/> and [[telescope]] control.<ref name="cleis2006"/> [[OCaml]], which was introduced in the mid-1990s, has seen commercial use in areas such as financial analysis,<ref name="minksy2008"/> [[software driver|driver]] verification, industrial [[robot]] programming, and static analysis of [[embedded software]].<ref name="leroy2007"/> [[Haskell (programming language)|Haskell]], although initially intended as a research language,<ref name="hudak2007"/> has also been applied by a range of companies, in areas such as aerospace systems, hardware design, and web programming.<ref name="haskell-industry"/><ref name="hudak2007"/>

Other functional programming languages that have seen use in industry include [[Scala (programming language)|Scala]],<ref>{{cite conference | last = Momtahan | first = Lee | title = Scala at EDF Trading: Implementing a Domain-Specific Language for Derivative Pricing with Scala | url = http://cufp.galois.com/2009/abstracts.html#LeeMomtahan | year = 2009 | conference = CUFP 2009 | accessdate = 2009-08-29 }}</ref> [[F Sharp (programming language)|F#]],<ref name='quantFSharp'/><ref name='businessAppsFSharp'/> (both being functional-OO hybrids with support for both purely functional and imperative programming) [[Wolfram Language]],<ref name="reference.wolfram.com"/> [[Lisp (programming language)|Lisp]],<ref>{{cite web | last = Graham | first = Paul | title = Beating the Averages | url = http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html | year = 2003 | accessdate = 2009-08-29 }}</ref> [[Standard ML]],<ref>{{cite conference | last = Sims | first = Steve | title = Building a Startup with Standard ML | url = http://cufp.galois.com/2006/slides/SteveSims.pdf | year = 2006 | conference = CUFP 2006 | accessdate = 2009-08-29 }}</ref><ref>{{cite conference | last = Laurikari | first = Ville | title = Functional Programming in Communications Security. | url = http://cufp.galois.com/2007/abstracts.html#VilleLaurikari | year = 2007 | conference = CUFP 2007 | accessdate = 2009-08-29 }}</ref> and [[Clojure]]<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.infoq.com/news/2009/01/clojure_production | last = Lorimer | first = R. J. | title = Live Production Clojure Application Announced }}</ref> and [[Nix package manager]].<ref>{{cite web | url = https://nixos.org/wiki/Nix(OS)_in_production | title = Nix(OS) in production }}</ref>

==In education==