In more recent times, the fast expansion of chemical industry has required a thorough study of the dynamics of '''crystallization''', and this unit operation is now used in many branches of chemical engineering. Mass products, such as [[sodium chloride|table salt]], [[sucrose|sugar]], [[sodium sulphate]], [[urea]]. just to name a few, are produced by crystallization from solutions.
Di'''Crystallizer''' paritechnology passohas conprogressed laalongside realizzazionewith dithe nuovinew processi è progredita la tecnologia dei '''cristallizzatori'''processes. DaOnce semplicisimple [[serbatoitank|tanks]] neiin qualiwhich, perthrough [[raffreddamentocooling]] o per, [[evaporazioneevaporation]] oor permaybe variazione dithrough [[pH]] sivariation ottenevaa ilcrystal was cristalloobtained, sinowadays ècontinuous giuntimachines ensure a macchineremarkable continueconstance chein garantiscono grande uniformità nelle caratteristichethe deiproduct prodotticharacteristics. BetweenAmong the first models of modern crystallizers were probably the ''calandria'' type, being today the standard crystallizer for sucrose, and the ''Oslo'', named after the [[Oslo|Norwegian capital]], since it was developed to produce [[table salt|salt]] in a climate not particularly fit for solar ponds, salt being widely used in [[Norway]] in [[stockfish]] production. The Oslo type was probably the first crystallizer designed specifically for the control of crystal growth.
