Utente:Adigama/Sandbox/Sand2: differenze tra le versioni

Versione delle 15:01, 27 set 2012

Versione delle 18:20, 27 set 2012

Riga 23:

In July 1997 a Yugoslav court had convicted him in absentia of terrorist actions in a trial condemned by international human rights groups.<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=vELQpx1U9EcC&pg=PA32 Humanitarian law violations in Kosovo] By Fred Abrahams, Elizabeth Andersen, [[Human Rights Watch]], p. 32</ref> He was [[Attack on Prekaz|killed]] in March 1998, along with most of his extended family, when Yugoslav security forces laid siege to his home in Prekaz.<ref name=Pettifer-Jashari>[http://books.google.com/books?id=I5A9_wOXa8kC&pg=PA144 Pettifer, p. 144]</ref><ref>Judah, p. {{page needed|date=August 2012}}</ref>

==Life==

Jashari was born in Donji Prekaz, in [[Srbica]], part of [[Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija|AP Kosovo and Metohija]], [[People's Republic of Serbia|SR Serbia]], [[Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia|FPR Yugoslavia]].

In 1991, Jashari moved to [[Albania]] to train with the first volunteers who later joined in [[Kosovo Liberation Army]] (KLA). On 28 February 1998 a group of KLA fighters led by Adem Jashari were attacked by Serbian police patrols killing four policemen and injuring two. In the attack sixteen [[KLA]] members were killed.<ref name="report">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/monitoring/64947.stm BBC News: Kosovo killings: Belgrade's official version of events]</ref> The first battle between Jashari and his friends against federal forces took place on the morning of 30 December 1991. Jashari's house was surrounded by a large number of security personnel demanding his surrender. They broke the siege and later participated in several actions against the [[FR Yugoslavia|Yugoslav Army]] and police.

On 28 February 1998 a group of KLA fighters led by Adem Jashari attacked a Yugoslav police patrol, killing four policemen and injuring two. In the attack sixteen [[KLA]] members were killed.<ref name="report"/>

==La vita==

Adem Jashari è nato a Donje Prekaze, un villaggio della municipalità di [[Srbica]], nel distretto di [[Kosovska Mitrovica]] nel nord del [[Kosovo]].

Nel 1991 Jashari si trasferì in [[Albania]] per addestrarsi con i primi volontari che in seguito confluirono nell'[[Esercito di Liberazione del Kosovo]] (noto anche con gli acronimi inglese KLA ed albanese UCK). La prima battaglia tra Jashari ed i suoi commilitoni e le forze federali serbe si è svolta la mattina del 30 dicembre 1991. La casa di Jashari fu circondata da un gran numero di addetti alla sicurezza che richiesero la sua resa. Jashari riuscì a rompere l'assedio e in seguito partecipò a numerose azioni contro l'esercito jugoslavo e la polizia.

Il [[28 febbraio]] [[1998]] un gruppo di combattenti dell'UCK guidato da Adem Jashari fu attaccato (o attaccò ???) da pattuglie della polizia serba ed uccise quattro poliziotti ferendone altri due. Nell'attacco restaro uccisi anche sedici membri dell'UCK.<ref name="report">[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/world/monitoring/64947.stm BBC News: Kosovo killings: Belgrade's official version of events]</ref>

==Death==

{{main|Attack on Prekaz}}

In the early morning hours of 5 March 1998, the village of Prekaz was attacked again by the large forces of Yugoslav national army and police.<ref name="OhPTJn8ZWoC pg. 96">[http://books.google.com/books?id=-OhPTJn8ZWoC&pg=PA97&dq=adem+jashari#v=onepage&q=adem%20jashari&f=false The Kosovo conflict and international law: an analytical documentation 1974-1999] By [[Heike Krieger]], pg. 96</ref> A second ring of troops was formed to prevent any possible escape. The attacking force consisted of armored personnel carriers and policemen, backed up by [[artillery]] from a nearby ammunition factory.<ref name=Pettifer-Jashari/> Many villagers were killed; some were killed execution-style.<ref>{{cite book|last=Krieger|first=Heike|title=The Kosovo Conflict and International Law: An Analytical Documentation 1974-1999|pages=96}}</ref>

Police forces first asked Jashari to come out and give himself up, then gave him a 2 hour deadline to consider the offer. After time ran out, shootings started. In one of the houses, the police fired mortars, followed by [[tear gas]]. Most of Jashari's extended family gathered in a single room, which had a brick wall. The shelling continued for another thirty-six hours before the police finally entered the compound. Adem Jashari together with fifty-two<ref name="OhPTJn8ZWoC pg. 96"/> of his family members were killed, some of them burned beyond recognition.<ref name=Pettifer-Jashari/>

==La morte==

Riga 51 ⟶ 39:

Vennero uccisi molti abitanti del villaggio, alcuni con vere e proprie esecuzioni.

<ref>{{cite book|last=Krieger|first=Heike|title=The Kosovo Conflict and International Law: An Analytical Documentation 1974-1999|pages=96}}</ref>

Le forze di polizia prima intimarono a Jashari di uscire ed arrendersi, poi gli concessero un ultimatum di due ore per prendere in considerazione l'offerta. Allo scadere dell'ultimatum iniziò la sparatoria. Su una delle case la polizia esplose colpi di mortaio seguiti da lanci di [[gas lacrimogenilacrimogeno]]. La maggior parte della famiglia allargata di Jashari si era

riunita in una camera singola, che aveva un muro di mattoni. Il bombardamento continuò per altre 36 ore prima che la polizia potesse finalmente entrare nel "compound". Adem Jashari insieme a 52 <ref name="OhPTJn8ZWoC pg. 96"/> membri della sua famiglia furono uccisi, alcuni dei quali bruciati ed irriconoscibili. <ref name=Pettifer-Jashari/>

==Conseguenze==

== Aftermath ==

[[File:Adem Jašari, bista u Tirani.JPG|thumb|Bust of Adem Jashari in central part of Tirana]]

Jashari è diventato un simbolo di indipendenza per gli albanesi kosovari, come dimostrato dalle molte t-shirt con la sua immagine indossate dalla gente dopo la dichiarazione d'indipendenza del Kosovo di domenica 17 febbraio 2008.

Jashari became a symbol of independence for Kosovar Albanians, as many have been known to wear t-shirts with his picture after Kosovo [[2008 Kosovo declaration of independence|declared its independence]] on Sunday, 17 February 2008.<ref name="unclueitsdone">{{cite news |title=Joy and defiance on Kosovo's greatest day|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/feb/17/serbia.kosovo|publisher=The Guardian|date=February 17, 2008|accessdate=March 9, 2010 | ___location=London | first=Peter | last=Beaumont}}</ref> The t-shirts are known to say "[[Bac u kry|Bac, U Kry!]]", which roughly translates to 'Uncle, It's done!" in English.<ref name="unclueitsdone"/> The family home in Prekaz i Poshtem has been converted into a shrine, and the anniversary of his death is marked by the Epopee of the Kosovo Liberation Army. The title "Hero of Kosovo" was awarded to him in 2008 by the Prime Minister of Kosovo.

<ref name="unclueitsdone">{{cite news |title=Joy and defiance on Kosovo's greatest day|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/feb/17/serbia.kosovo|publisher=The Guardian|date=February 17, 2008|accessdate=March 9, 2010 | ___location=London | first=Peter | last=Beaumont}}</ref>

Le t-shirt sono uno a dire "In Bac Kry! "che si traduce approssimativamente a 'zio, e' fatta!" in inglese.

The t-shirts are known to say "[[Bac u kry|Bac, U Kry!]]", which roughly translates to 'Uncle, It's done!" in English.<ref name="unclueitsdone"/>

La casa di famiglia a Prekaz e Poshtem è stata trasformata in una specie di santuario, e l'anniversario della sua morte è segnata dalle "Epopee di liberazione dell'Esercito del Kosovo. Il titolo di '"eroe del Kosovo" gli è stato attribuito nel 2008 dal Primo Ministro del Kosovo.

Tuttavia, gli attacchi di Jashari e la ribellione da lui ispirata sono stata a volte paragonati al comportamento di kaçaks Drenica del passato <ref name=Pettifer-Jashari/>

:{{Quote|''In un villaggio, Donje Prekaze, viveva un un uomo duro di nome Adem Jashari. Diversi anni prima aveva ucciso un poliziotto serbo ed era stato condannato, ma i serbi avevano paura di farlo perché avrebbe sparare contro di loro da casa sua. Avevano provato a gennaio, ma furono costretti a ritirarsi. Jashari è stato un cane sciolto. Odiava i serbi, e anche se è stato una delle primw reclute dell'UCK, non era un guerrigliero ideologico. Nelle parole di una fonte: "Gli piaceva ubriacarsi e andare fuori e sparare ai serbi." In questo senso è stato un vero, tinto in lana, Drenica Kačák.''|

-[[Tim Judah]], Kosovo: guerra e vendetta {{page needed|date=August 2012}}}}

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Nevertheless, Jashari's attacks and rebellion was sometimes associated with behavior of Drenica kaçaks from the past<ref name=Pettifer-Jashari/>:

{{Quote|''In one village, Donji Prekaz, lived a local tough called Adem Jashari. Several years before he had killed a Serbian policeman and been convicted, but the Serbs were frightened to get him because he would shoot at them from his house. They had tried in January but were forced to retreat. Jashari was a maverick. He hated the Serbs, and although he was one of the KLA’s early recruits, he was no ideological guerrilla. In the words of one source: “He liked to get drunk and go out and shoot Serbs.” In this sense he was a true, dyed in the wool, Drenica kaçak.''|[[Tim Judah]]|Kosovo, War and Revenge{{page needed|date=August 2012}}}}

==Trivia==