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==Gioventù e carriera==
Ord wasnacque born ina [[Cumberland , (Maryland )]] , the son ofda James ande Rebecca Ord. FamilySecondo traditionla madetradizione familiare James Ord thesarebbe illegitimateun sonfiglio ofillegittimo di [[ GeorgeGiorgio IV ofdel EnglandRegno Unito]] ande di [[Maria Fitzherbert]]<ref> I Georgetown University Archives includingcontengono aun Xeroxmanoscritto copy of a manuscript entitledintitolato "History of James Ord as related by himself with other facts collected by his sons" anded auna copycopia ofdi a privately printedun [[pamphlet ]] entitled,privato intitolato "Memoranda Concerning James Ord who died January 25, 1873 by his granddaughter Mary Ord Preston 1896" , originalpubblicazione publicationoriginale innella biblioteca della Georgetown University Library, Special Collections, call numbernumero 90A469.</ref> butma heè seemspiù likelyprobabile toche havefosse beenfiglio the son ofdi Ralph Ord, whobattezzato was baptised ata Wapping, Middlesex, innel 1757, thefiglio son ofdi John Ord , a [[factor (agent)]] fromdi Berwick-upon-Tweed.<ref>Anthony J. Camp, ''Royal mistresses and bastards: fact and fiction 1714-1936'' ( LondonLondra, 2007) ISBN 978-0-9503308-2-2, pp. 149-153.</ref> HeFu wasconsiderato consideredun agenio mathematicalmatematico geniuse andfu wasiscritto appointed to thealla [[United States Military Academy]] bydal [[ PresidentPresidente ofdegli theStati UnitedUniti Statesd'America| Presidentpresidente]] [[Andrew Jackson]]. HisIl roommatesuo atcompagno di stanza a [[United States Military Academy|West Point]] wasfu il futurefuturo generalgenerale [[William T.Tecumseh Sherman]]. HeSi graduatedlaureò innel 1839 ande wasfu commissionedassegnato acome [[ second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenantsottotenente]] inal the3° 3rd U.Sartiglieria. Artillery.Combatté la He[[Guerra foughtseminole in(1835-1842)|seconda the [[Secondguerra Seminole War]] in Florida ande wasfu promoted topromosso [[ first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenanttenente]]. ▼<!--
▲Ord was born in [[Cumberland, Maryland]], the son of James and Rebecca Ord. Family tradition made James Ord the illegitimate son of [[George IV of England]] and [[Maria Fitzherbert]]<ref>Georgetown University Archives including a Xerox copy of a manuscript entitled "History of James Ord as related by himself with other facts collected by his sons" and a copy of a privately printed pamphlet entitled, "Memoranda Concerning James Ord who died January 25, 1873 by his granddaughter Mary Ord Preston 1896" original publication in Georgetown University Library, Special Collections, call number 90A469.</ref> but he seems likely to have been the son of Ralph Ord, who was baptised at Wapping, Middlesex, in 1757, the son of John Ord, a [[factor (agent)]] from Berwick-upon-Tweed.<ref>Anthony J. Camp, ''Royal mistresses and bastards: fact and fiction 1714-1936'' (London, 2007) ISBN 978-0-9503308-2-2, pp. 149-153.</ref> He was considered a mathematical genius and was appointed to the [[United States Military Academy]] by [[President of the United States|President]] [[Andrew Jackson]]. His roommate at [[United States Military Academy|West Point]] was future general [[William T. Sherman]]. He graduated in 1839 and was commissioned a [[second lieutenant#United States|second lieutenant]] in the 3rd U.S. Artillery. He fought in the [[Second Seminole War]] in Florida and was promoted to [[first lieutenant#United States|first lieutenant]].
InNel Januarygennaio 1847, hesalpò sailed on the steamshipsulla ''Lexington'' arounde circumnavigò [[Capecapo Horn]] withcon [[Henry Halleck]] ande William Sherman. Giunse He arrived ina [[Monterey, California]], anded assumedassunse commandil ofcomando Batterydella batteria F, 3rd3° U.S. Artilleryartiglieria, withcon ordersl'ordine todi completecompletare la costruzione di Fort Mervine (atnel thepunto sitein ofcui thegli formerspagnoli Spanishavevano un ''presidio''), whichpoi wasrinominato renamedin Fort Halleck. ItsLa constructionsua wascostruzione superintendedfu bycomandata Lieutenantdal tenente Ord ande hisdal secondsuo secondo in commandcomando, Lieutenantil tenente Sherman. On FebruaryIl 17, febbraio 1865, thela fortezza prese fortil wasnome renameddi Ord Barracks. (ItOggi isè nowconosciuta knowncol againnome byoriginale its original name,thedi [[Presidio ofdi Monterey]].)
[[File:General Edward O C Ord and His Family.png|thumb|right|Edward O. C. Ord and his family.]] ▼
▲[[File:General Edward O C Ord and His Family.png|thumb|right|Edward O. C. Ord ande hisla family.sua famiglia]]
Ord was in [[California]] when the [[California Gold Rush|gold rush]] began, with its resultant skyrocketing prices. Since their military salaries no longer covered living expenses, Ord's commander suggested that the younger officers take on other jobs to supplement their income. In the fall of 1848, Ord and Sherman, in the employ of [[John Augustus Sutter, Jr.]], assisted Captain William H. Warner of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the survey of [[Sacramento, California]], helping to produce the map that established the future capital city's extensive downtown street grid. Ord also produced a map of the Gold and Quicksilver district of California dated July 25, 1848. Later, [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] officials needed to have a survey of the public lands in order to sell them, and Ord was hired as the surveyor. He chose [[William Rich Hutton]] as his assistant, and together the two mapped Los Angeles in July and August 1849. Thanks to the efforts of these two men, historians have a fairly good view of what the [[Pueblo de Los Angeles]] looked like at the middle of the 19th century. Lieutenant Ord surveyed the pueblo and his assistant Hutton sketched many scenes of the pueblo and drew the first map from Ord's survey.<ref>Marschner 2000, p. 49</ref> The Los Angeles City Archives has the original map produced by Hutton from Ord's survey. Ord was paid $3000 for his work on this survey.
Ord si trovava in [[California]] quando iniziò la [[Corsa all'oro californiana|corsa all'oro]], con la seguente esplosione dei prezzi. Dato che il salario militare non permetteva di vivere, il comandante di Ord suggerì agli ufficiali più giovani di assumersi altri lavori per aumentarsi lo stipendio. Nell'autunno del 1848 Ord e Sherman, impiegati di [[John Augustus Sutter Junior]], aiutarono il capitano William H. Warner nel sopralluogo di [[Sacramento (California)|Sacramento]], aiutando a disegnare la mappa che definì il sistema stradale della futura capitale statale. Ord disegnò anche una mappa del distretto Gold and Quicksilver della California datata 25 luglio 1848. In seguito gli ufficiali di [[Los Angeles]] avevano bisogno di un sopralluogo su terre pubbliche per poterle vendere, ed Ord fu assunto. Scelse [[William Rich Hutton]] come assistente ed insieme mapparono Los Angeles a luglio e agosto del 1849. Grazie ai loro sforzi gli storici hanno un'ottima visuale di come appariva il [[Pueblo de Los Angeles]] a metà del XIX secolo. Il tenente Ord controllò il pueblo ed il suo aiutante Hutton fece molti schizzi e disegnò la prima mappa a partire dal sopralluogo di Ord.<ref>Marschner 2000, p. 49</ref> Il Los Angeles City Archives contengono la mappa originale disegnata da Hutton su indicazioni di Ord. Ord venne pagato 3000 dollari per il suo lavoro.
Ord was promoted to [[Captain (United States)|captain]] in 1850, while serving in the [[Pacific Northwest]]. He married Mary Mercer Thompson on October 14, 1854, and they eventually had thirteen children. One of their notable children was [[Jules Garesche Ord]] who was killed in action after reaching the top of [[San Juan Hill (Cuba)|San Juan Hill]] in Cuba. He was the officer who started and led the charge which Teddy Roosevelt followed. Another was [[Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II]] who was also a [[United States Army]] [[Major (United States)|Major]] who served with the [[22nd Infantry Regiment (United States)|22nd Infantry Regiment]] during the [[Indian Wars]], the [[Spanish–American War]] and the [[Philippine-American War]]. He was also a painter, inventor and poet. The son of Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II and grandson of Edward Ord was [[James Garesche Ord]], who commanded the [[28th Infantry Division (United States)|28th Infantry Division]] and was Chairman of the Joint U.S.-Brazil Defense Commission in [[World War II]].
Ord fu promosso capitano nel 1850 mentre era al servizio nel Pacifico nordoccidentale. Sposò Mary Mercer Thompson il 14 ottobre 1854 e da lei ebbe tredici figli. Uno dei figli più famosi fu [[Jules Garesche Ord]], ucciso in battaglia dopo aver raggiunto la cima di [[San Juan Hill (Cuba)|San Juan Hill]] a Cuba. Fu l'ufficiale che ordinò e guidò la carica con Teddy Roosevelt al seguito. Un altro fu [[Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II]], anch'egli maggiore dello [[United States Army]] che fece parte del 22° fanteria durante le [[guerre indiane]], la [[guerra ispano-americana]] e la [[guerra filippino-americana]]. Fu anche pittore, inventore e poeta. Il figlio di Edward Otho Cresap Ord, II e nipote di Edward Ord fu [[James Garesche Ord]], comandante del 28° fanteria e presidente della difesa congiunta statunitense-brasiliana nella [[seconda guerra mondiale]].
Nel 1859, mentre frequentava la scuola di artiglieria di [[Fort Monroe]], Ord fu convocato dal [[Segretario alla Guerra degli Stati Uniti d'America|Segretario alla Guerra]] [[John Buchanan Floyd]] per calmare le razzie di [[John Brown (attivista)|John Brown]] nei confronti dell'arsenale federale di [[Harper's Ferry]]. Il colonnello [[Robert Edward Lee]] raggiunse per primo Harper's Ferry e telegrafò al capitano Ord che la situazione era sotto controllo, per cui Ord ed i suoi uomini non erano necessari. Gli fu chiesto di fermarsi a [[Fort McHenry]] a [[Baltimora]].
In 1859, while attending artillery school at [[Fort Monroe, Virginia]], Ord was summoned by [[United States Secretary of War|Secretary of War]] [[John B. Floyd]] to quell [[John Brown (abolitionist)|John Brown]]'s raid on the [[Harpers Ferry]] Federal arsenal. However, [[Colonel (United States)|Col.]] [[Robert E. Lee]] reached Harpers Ferry first, and Colonel Lee telegraphed to Captain Ord that the situation was under control and Ord and his men would not be needed at Harpers Ferry. They were instructed to halt at [[Fort McHenry]] in [[Baltimore, Maryland|Baltimore]].
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==Guerra di secessione==
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