了解在 Bash、PowerShell 和 Cmd 中 Azure CLI 语法的差异

# Variable block
let "randomIdentifier=$RANDOM*$RANDOM"
___location="eastus"
resourceGroup="<msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000>"
storageAccount="msdocssa$randomIdentifier"

# Create a storage account.
echo "Creating storage account $storageAccount in resource group $resourceGroup"
az storage account create --name $storageAccount \
                          --resource-group $resourceGroup \
                          --___location $___location \
                          --sku Standard_RAGRS \
                          --kind StorageV2 \
                          --output json

# Variable block
$randomIdentifier = (New-Guid).ToString().Substring(0,8)
$___location="eastus"
$resourceGroup="<msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000>"
$storageAccount="msdocssa$randomIdentifier"

# Create a storage account.
echo "Creating storage account $storageAccount in resource group $resourceGroup"
az storage account create --name $storageAccount `
                          --resource-group $resourceGroup `
                          --___location $___location `
                          --sku Standard_RAGRS `
                          --kind StorageV2 `
                          --output json

:: Variable block
set randomIdentifier=%RANDOM%
set ___location="eastus"
set resourceGroup="<msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000>"
set storageAccount="msdocssa%randomIdentifier%"

:: Create a storage account.
echo "Creating storage account %storageAccount% in resource group %resourceGroup%"
az storage account create --name %storageAccount% ^
                          --resource-group %resourceGroup% ^
                          --___location %___location% ^
                          --sku Standard_RAGRS ^
                          --kind StorageV2 ^
                          --output json

# Create new tags. This syntax works with or without quotes around each key-value pair.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> \
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
                          --tags Team=t1 Environment=e1

# Create new tags containing spaces. You must use quotes.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> \
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
                          --tags "Floor number=f1" "Cost center=cc1"

# Create a new tag with an empty value.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> \
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
                          --tags "Department="''""

# Create a new tag containing special characters resulting in "Path": "$G:\\myPath".
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> \
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
                          --tags "Path=\$G:\myPath"

# Create a tag from a variable.
newTag="tag1=tag value with spaces"
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> \
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
                          --tags "$newTag"

在完成本教程步骤时，如果不希望覆盖以前的标签，可以使用az tag update命令，并将--operation参数设置为merge。

# Get the resource ID of your storage account.
saID=$(az resource show --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
                        --name <msdocssa00000000> \
                        --resource-type Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts \
                        --query "id" \
                        --output tsv)

echo My storage account ID is $saID

# Append new tags.
az tag update --resource-id $saID \
              --operation merge \
              --tags <tagName>=<tagValue>

# Get a list of all tags.
az tag list --resource-id $saID

# Create new tags. This syntax works with or without quotes around each key-value pair.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> `
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                          --tags Team=t1 Environment=e1


# Create new tags containing spaces. You must use quotes.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> `
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                          --tags "Floor number=f1" "Cost center=cc1"

# Create a new tag with an empty value.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> `
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                          --tags "Floor number="''""

# Create a new tag containing special characters resulting in "Path": "$G:\\myPath".
# Nate the backtick as both the line continuation and the PowerShell escape character.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> `
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                          --tags "Path=`$G:\myPath"

# Create a tag from a variable.
# In PowerShell, prefix your variable name with a dollar sign.
$newTag="tag1=tag value with spaces"
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> `
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                          --tags "$newTag"

在完成本教程步骤时，如果不希望覆盖以前的标签，可以使用az tag update命令，并将--operation参数设置为merge。

# Get the resource ID of your storage account.
$saID=$(az resource show --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                         --name <msdocssa00000000> `
                         --resource-type Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts `
                         --query "id" `
                         --output tsv)

echo My storage account ID is $saID

# Append new tags.
az tag update --resource-id $saID `
              --operation merge `
              --tags <tagName>=<tagValue>

# Get a list of all tags.
az tag list --resource-id $saID

:: Create new tags. This syntax works with or without quotes around each key-value pair.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> ^
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
                          --tags Team=t1 Environment=e1

:: Create new tags containing spaces. You must use quotes.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> ^
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
                          --tags "Floor number=f1" "Cost center=cc1"

:: Create a new tag with an empty value.
az storage account update --name <msdocssa00000000> ^
                          --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
                          --tags "Floor number="''""

如果您需要使用变量修改 Azure 资源，建议使用 Bash。 Cmd 通常不会如预期般解释带有特殊字符的变量值。 您经常收到“无效字符”错误，或者您的标签值为空。

示例中包含 JSON 字符串的参数。 本脚本提供用于将来参考，因为我们在本教程中不使用az rest。

az rest --method patch \
        --url https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/<mySubscriptionID>/resourceGroups/<myResourceGroup>/providers/Microsoft.HybridCompute/machines/<machineName>?api-version=yyyy-mm-dd-preview \
        --resource https://management.azure.com/ \
        --headers Content-Type=application/json \
        --body '{"properties": {"agentUpgrade": {"enableAutomaticUpgrade": false}}}'

示例为数字值筛选。 除非您在当前订阅中有虚拟机，否则此示例仅供将来参考。

az vm list --resource-group <myResourceGroup> \
           --query "[?storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb >=\`50\`].{Name:name, admin:osProfile.adminUsername, DiskSize:storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb}" \
           --output table

使用本教程中创建的存储帐户过滤布尔值的示例。

az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
    --query "[?allowBlobPublicAccess == \`true\`].id"

本教程中使用存储帐户创建日期过滤的示例。

# include time
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
    --query "[?creationTime >='2021-11-15T19:14:27.103127+00:00'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

# exclude time
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
    --query "[?creationTime >='2021-11-15'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

# subtract days and use a variable
saDate=$(date +%F -d "-30days")
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> \
    --query "[?creationTime >='$saDate'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

示例中包含 JSON 字符串的参数。 本脚本提供用于将来参考，因为我们在本教程中不使用az rest。

az rest --method patch `
        --url https://management.azure.com/subscriptions/<mySubscriptionID>/resourceGroups/<myResourceGroup>/providers/Microsoft.HybridCompute/machines/<machineName>?api-version=yyyy-mm-dd-preview `
        --resource https://management.azure.com/ `
        --headers Content-Type=application/json `
        --body '{\"properties\": {\"agentUpgrade\": {\"enableAutomaticUpgrade\": false}}}'

示例为数字值筛选。 除非您在当前订阅中有虚拟机，否则此示例仅供将来参考。

az vm list --resource-group <myResourceGroup> `
           --query "[?storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb >=``50``].{Name:name, admin:osProfile.adminUsername, DiskSize:storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb }" `
           --output table

使用本教程中创建的存储帐户过滤布尔值的示例。

az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
                       --query "[?allowBlobPublicAccess == ``true``].id"

本教程中使用存储帐户创建日期过滤的示例。

# include time
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
    --query "[?creationTime >='2021-11-15T19:14:27.103127+00:00'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

# exclude time
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
    --query "[?creationTime >='2021-11-15'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

# subtract days and use a variable
$saDate=$saDate.AddDays(-30).tostring("yyyy-mm-dd")
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> `
    --query "[?creationTime >='$saDate'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

示例为数字值筛选。 除非您在当前订阅中有虚拟机，否则此示例仅供将来参考。

az vm list --resource-group <myResourceGroup> `
           --query "[?storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb >=`50`].{Name:name, admin:osProfile.adminUsername, DiskSize:storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb }" `
           --output table

使用本教程中创建的存储帐户过滤布尔值的示例。

az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
    --query "[?allowBlobPublicAccess == `true`].id"

本教程中使用存储帐户创建日期过滤的示例。

# include time
az vm list --resource-group DevEx-Data-Analysis2 ^
           --query "[?storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb >=`50`].{Name:name, admin:osProfile.adminUsername, DiskSize:storageProfile.osDisk.diskSizeGb }" ^
           --output table

az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
    --query "[?creationTime >='2021-11-15T19:14:27.103127+00:00'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

# exclude time
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
    --query "[?creationTime >='2021-11-15'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

# subtract days and use a variable
saDate=$(date +%F -d "-30days")
az storage account list --resource-group <msdocs-tutorial-rg-00000000> ^
    --query "[?creationTime >='$saDate'].{saName:name, saID: id, sku: sku.name}"

strExpression='{"key":"value"}'
echo $strExpression

{"key":"value"}

$strExpression='{"key":"value"}'
echo $strExpression

{"key":"value"}

在 Cmd 中，echo 命令返回包括转义字符在内的文字字符串。 比较 Cmd 的 --debug 和 echo 输出。