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{{Taxobox
| color = lightblue
| name = ''Stropharia rugosoannulata''
| image =
| image_caption =
| regnum = [[Fungus|Fungi]]
| divisio = [[Basidiomycota]]
| classis = [[Homobasidiomycetes]]
| ordo = [[Agaricales]]
| familia = '''[[Strophariaceae]]'''
| genus = ''[[Stropharia]]''
| species = '''''S. rugosoannulata'''''
| binomial = ''Stropharia rugosoannulata''
| binomial_authority = Farlow ex Murrill
}}
{{mycomorphbox
| name = Stropharia rugosoannulata
| whichGills = adnate
| capShape = convex
| capShape2=flat
| hymeniumType=gills
| stipeCharacter=ring
| ecologicalType=saprophytic
| sporePrintColor=purple
| howEdible=choice}}
'''''Stropharia rugosoannulata''''', known as the '''wine-cap stropharia''', '''burgundy mushroom''' or '''king stropharia''', is a[[Agaricales|gilled mushroom]] of the family [[Strophariaceae]] found in [[Europe]] and [[North America]], and introduced to [[New Zealand]].
Unlike many other members of the genus ''[[Stropharia]]'', it is widely regarded as a choice edible and cultivated for food.
The king stropharia can grow to 20 [[centimetre|cm]] high with a reddish-brown convex to flattening cap up to 30 cm across, the size leading to another colloquial name '''godzilla mushroom'''.<ref name = "Carluccio03">{{cite book | author = [[Antonio Carluccio|Carluccio A]] | year = 2003 | title = The Complete Mushroom Book | publisher = Quadrille | id = ISBN 1-84400-040-0}}</ref> The gills are initially pale, then grey, and finally dark purple-brown in colour. The the firm flesh is white, as is the tall stem which bears a wrinkled ring. This is the origin of the specific name which means "wrinkled-ringed".<ref>{{cite book | author = Pacioni G | year = 1981 | title = Simon & Schusters Guide to Mushrooms | publisher = Simon & Schuster | id = ISBN 0-671-42849-7}}</ref>
It is found on wood chips and bark mulch across North America in summer and autumn. Describe as very tasty by some authors, king stropharia is easily cultivated on a medium similar to what it grows on naturally. Antonio Carluccio recommends sautéeing them in butter or grilling them.<ref name = "Carluccio03">{{cite book | author = [[Antonio Carluccio|Carluccio A]] | year = 2003 | title = The Complete Mushroom Book | publisher = Quadrille | id = ISBN 1-84400-040-0}}</ref>
A chinese study has recently found the king stropharia to have the ability to attack the [[nematode]] ''[[Panagrellus redivivus]]''; the fungus produces unique spiny cells called acanthocytes which are able to immobilise and digest the nematodes.<ref>Hong Luo, Xuan Li, Guohong Li, Yanbo Pan, and Keqin Zhang. 2006
Acanthocytes of ''Stropharia rugosoannulata'' Function as a Nematode-Attacking Device
''Appl. Environ. Microbiol.'''''72''': 2982-2987 [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1449000 online version]</ref>
==References==
<div class="references-small">
*{{cite book | author = Phillips R | year = 1991 | title = Mushrooms of North America | publisher = Little, Brown & Co. | id = ISBN}}
<references/>
</div>
{{fungus-stub}}
[[Category:Basidiomycetes]]
[[Category:Nematophagous fungi]]
[[Category:Edible mushrooms]]
[[Category:Fungi of New Zealand]]
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