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[[Image:Côte de Granite Rose Brittany France.JPG|right|380px|thumb|Brittany has an expansive coastline]]
*[[/Archive 1]]: Nov 2005 - April 17 2006.
[[Image:Flag of Brittany.svg|160px|thumb|[[Flag of Brittany]] (Gwenn-ha-du)]]
[[Image:Bretagne_historique.png|250px|thumb|Historical province of Brittany]]
:''This article is about the historical kingdom, duchy and French province, as well as one of the Celtic nations. For the current French administrative ''région'' of Bretagne, see [[Bretagne]]. For other meanings, see [[Brittany (disambiguation)]].''
'''Brittany''' ([[Breton language|Breton]]: ''Breizh'' [[International Phonetic Alphabet|pronounced]] {{IPA|/bʁejs/}} ; [[French language|French]]: ''Bretagne'', [[International Phonetic Alphabet|pronounced]] {{IPAudio|fr-Bretagne.ogg|/bʁətaɲ/}}; [[Gallo language|Gallo]]: ''Bertaèyn'') is a former independent [[kingdom]] and [[duchy]], and a [[Provinces of France|province of France]]. Brittany is one of the six [[Celtic Nations]]. It is also, more generally, the name of the cultural area whose limits correspond to the old province and independent duchy.
==Unlikely allies?==
Hello again [[User:Rjensen]]. I now know you are a Reaganite, I always suspected but know I know. I need a favor. Please share you comments at:
The historical province of Brittany was split between two modern-day ''[[région]]s'' of [[France]]. 80% of Brittany has become the ''région'' of [[Bretagne]], while the remaining 20% of Brittany ([[Loire-Atlantique]] ''[[département]]'' with its ''[[préfecture]]'' [[Nantes]], one of the former capitals of the duchy of Brittany) has been grouped with other historical provinces ([[Anjou]], [[Maine (province of France)|Maine]], and so on) to create the ''région'' of [[Pays-de-la-Loire]] (that is "lands of the [[Loire River|Loire]]"). For the reasons behind the splitting-up of Brittany, and the current debate around a reunification, see the [[Bretagne]] article.
The Article is up for deletion
Brittany occupies a large [[peninsula]] in the northwest of France, lying between the [[English Channel]] to the north and the [[Bay of Biscay]] to the south. Its land area is 34,034 [[1 E10 m²|km²]] (13,137 sq. mi). The region is divided into five departments: to the west is [[Finistere]], [[Côtes-d'Armor]] lies to the North, [[Ille-et-Vilaine]] is in the north-east, [[Loire-Atlantique]] is to the south-east and [[Morbihan]] lies in the middle.
I would like your comments: [[Wikipedia:Categories_for_deletion#Category:Organizations_and_people_who_predicted_the_collapse_of_the_USSR]] On every page I post this on, many people start passionate conversations about this.
In January [[2005]] the population of Brittany was estimated at 4,271,000 inhabitants. 72% of these live in the Bretagne ''région'', while 28% of these live in the Pays-de-la-Loire ''région''. At the [[1999]] census, the largest metropolitan areas were [[Nantes]] (711,120 inhabitants), [[Rennes]] (521,188 inhabitants), and [[Brest, France|Brest]] (303,484 inhabitants).
I deleted Reagan from the list because people did not believe me on the deletion page. I will add it back if my article survives deletion, with your quote, which seems unlikely now.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 05:02, 18 April 2006 (UTC)
::done--that was fast! :) [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 01:39, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
==History==
:::Can you comment about your quote and vote on [[Wikipedia:Categories_for_deletion#Category:Organizations_and_people_who_predicted_the_collapse_of_the_USSR]], consider it a returning favor for me fighting so fiercely with you on the Dickstien page.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 01:42, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
:''Main articles: [[History of Brittany]] and [[Prehistory of Brittany]]
[[Image:Carnac megalith alignment 3.jpg|thumb|220px|The [[megalith|megalithic]] alignments at [[Carnac]] testify to the organisation of the prehistoric population of Brittany]]
[[Image:Château de Vitré Place St-Yves.JPG|thumb|220px|Fortress of [[Vitré, Ille-et-Vilaine|Vitré]], on the Brittany Marches]]
::::Can you comment here?: [[Wikipedia:Categories_for_deletion#Category:Organizations_and_people_who_predicted_the_collapse_of_the_USSR]]--thanks [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]].
Human habitation in the area now called Brittany goes back to the late [[Paleolithic]], or Epi-Palaeolithic, period. Megaliths erected in the 5th of the [[Veneti (Gaul)|Veneti]], [[Osismii]], [[Namneti]], [[Coriosolitithe]] area in the [[Iron Age]].
In [[56 BC]] the area was conquered by the [[Roman Republic|Romans]] under [[Julius Caesar]]. The Romans called the district ''[[Armorica]]'' (a [[Latin]]isation of a Celtic word meaning "coastal region"), within the larger province of ''[[Gallia Lugdunensis]]''. The modern ''[[département in France|département]]'' of [[Côtes-d'Armor]] has taken up the ancient name. After the collapse of the Roman empire, Britons, or [[Celts]] from [[Great Britain]], displaced by the Saxon colonisation of what became [[England]], settled in Brittany, and it is from this period its present names date. It is believed that the Breton language is the result of this immigration rather than a continuation of [[Gaulish]].
::::It was a mistake to add Reagan, not because it isn't true, '''it is true''', but because a lot of anti-Reaganites don't want him to be listed on the list, and are voting for it to be deleted.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 01:49, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
An excruciating [[Normans|Norman]] siege of [[Dinan]] (seen on the [[Bayeux Tapestry]]) influenced chief male ancestors of the late [[House of Stuart]], also an important maternal line to the present [[Duke of Norfolk]], to relocate to [[Great Britain]]. Bretons also accompanied the [[Norman conquest of England]], emigrating mostly to what became [[Richmondshire]] (in Yorkshire).
:::::The argument is better made by a separate article, I suggest. Drop Reagan and keep...who? [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 01:53, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
==Sights==
::::::I don't understand. Have a seperate artile on those who predicted the fall of the soviet union?
Brittany is famous for its [[megalith]]ic monuments, which are scattered over the [[peninsula]], the largest alignments are near [[Carnac]]. The purpose of these monuments is still unknown, and many local people are reluctant to entertain speculation on the subject. The words ''[[dolmen]]'' (from "daol" table and "maen" stone) and ''[[menhir]]'' (from "maen" stone and "hir" high) come from the Breton language, even though they are hardly used in Breton.
Brittany is also known for its [[calvary|calvaries]], elaborately carved sculptures of crucifixion scenes, to be found in churchyards of villages and small towns, especially in Western Brittany.
::::::I dropped Reagan originally because I had not read your quote, and my number one concern is keeping the category. Saying Reagan predicted the fall of the USSR is an unwelcome lightening rod to my category. I figured, being yourself, you would just add it right back. Maybe you can suggest some of your friends comment on this. I will ask some of my arch conservative rivals to vote, for the sake of keeping Reagan.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 02:05, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
Significant urban centres include:
:::::::Categories in fact are not much used in Wiki. The articles are much more useful, in my opinion. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 02:06, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
* [[Nantes]] / Naoned
:::::::::It will probably be deleted, and then I will rewrite it somewhere else. I may rewrite it somewhere else, anyway[[User:Travb|Travb]] 02:22, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
* [[Rennes]] / Roazhon
* [[Brest, France|Brest]] / Brest
* [[Lorient]] / an Oriant
* [[Quimper]] / Kemper
* [[Vannes]] / Gwened
* [[Redon, Ille-et-Vilaine|Redon]] / Redon
* [[Saint-Brieuc]] / Sant-Brieg
* [[Saint-Nazaire]] / Sant-Nazer
[[Image:Saintmalo.jpg|thumb|220px|The walled city of [[Saint-Malo]] was a former stronghold of corsaires]]
::::::::Man [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]], as I wrote on [[User:CJK]] page you are: "the best conservative debater on wikipedia I have ever gone up agaist"
The walled city of [[Saint-Malo]] (Sant-Maloù), a popular tourist attraction, is also an important [[seaport|port]] linking Brittany with [[England]] and the [[Channel Islands]]. It also was the birthplace of the acclaimed author [[François-René de Chateaubriand|Chateaubriand]] and explorer [[Jacques Cartier]]. The town of [[Roscoff]] (Rosko) is served by [[ferry]] links with England and [[Ireland]].
The island of [[Île d'Ouessant|Ushant]] (Breton: ''Enez Eusa'', French: ''Ouessant'') is the north-westernmost point of Brittany and France, and marks the entrance of the English Channel. Other islands off the coast of Brittany include:
::::::::As per your comment on the deletion page: I was like wow, why didn't I think of saying that! You have a real gift with words, that is why you are such a formniable (and often terrifying) foe. I would rather be on your side than against you in future edits.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 02:18, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
*[[Bréhat]] / enez Vriad
:::::::::Hey thanks! I was on my high school debate team in junior year. Glad to be on the same side. :) [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 02:23, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
*[[Batz]] / enez Vaz
*[[Molène]] / Molenez
*[[Sein]] / enez Sun
*[[Glénan islands]] / inizi Glenan
*[[Groix]] / enez Groe
*[[Belle Île]] / ar Gerveur
*[[Houat]] / Houad
*[[Hoëdic]] / Edig
*[[Île-aux-Moines]] / Enizenac'h
*[[Île d'Arz]] / an Arzh
==Language==
===As per your suggestion===
[[Image:Road signs bilingual Breton in Quimper.jpg|thumb|Bilingual road signs can be seen in traditional Breton-speaking areas]]
[[Cold-War groups which predicted the collapse of the USSR]] you will be happy to know that Reagan got top billing. Edit as you see fit, sir. Nice to be on the same side as you again.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 03:25, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
[[Image:BlasonBRETAGNE.jpg|100px|thumb|Traditional coat of arms]]
::Nice job! I'll look it over and maybe add stuff. You should link it to the people involved and to the Cold War and USSR articles. Yes it is a pleasure to work together. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 03:30, 19 April 2006 (UTC)
[[French language|French]], the only [[official language]] of the French Republic, is today spoken throughout Brittany. The two [[regional language]]s have no official status with regards to the state, although they are supported by the regional authorities within the strict constitutional limits: [[Breton language|Breton]], strongest in the west but to be seen all over Brittany, is a [[Celtic language]] most closely related to [[Cornish language|Cornish]] (Breton has in fact slightly more in common with Cornish than Welsh), and [[Gallo language|Gallo]], which is spoken in the east, is one of the [[Oïl languages]].
== question re clinton ==
From the very beginning of its history and despite the end of the independence of Brittany, Breton remained the language of the entire population of western Brittany, if not bishops and French administrators or officers. French laws and economic pressure led people to abandon their language to the one of the ruler, but until the 1960s, Breton was spoken and understood by the majority of the western inhabitants. Since the beginning of the 20th century, it has been very efficiently fought by the French administration and educational system (''"It is forbidden to spit on the ground and to speak Breton"'') in the process of promoting [[French language|French]] as the sole language of the country.
You reverted the category Irish American on the Clinton page. I ordinarily wouldn't quibble with this, as I know nothing of his background. However, you left the explanatory comment "Irish American = Catholic." Why? I'm wondering if this is perhaps a cultural difference, are you located in Ireland. Here in the states, such designations generally mean that your ancestors are from a certain place. Sometimes it also implies that one keeps some sort of cultural affiliation with a place. I don't know whether Clinton has done this latter thing. But, in the States, your religion would never, never have anything to do with common use of such ethnic labels.
Breton was traditionally spoken in the west (the "[[Breizh-Izel]]" or "[[Basse-Bretagne]]"), and Gallo in the east (the "pays Gallo" or "[[Haute-Bretagne]]"). The dividing line stretched from Plouha on the north coast to a point to the south-west of Vannes. French had, however, long been the main language of the towns. The Breton-speaking area formerly covered territory much further east than its current distribution.
Most often, we would simply adopt whatever label the individual agrees with, subject to reason. Kind regards from an atheist Irish American, [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 01:37, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
::I'm in Denver (near my Irish Catholic inlaws). look at [[Irish Catholic]]. Clinton never joined the Irish Catholic community or to my knowledge ever claimed he was "Irish American". [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 02:50, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
In the Middle Ages, Gallo expanded into formerly Breton-speaking areas. Now restricted to a much reduced territory in the east of Brittany, Gallo finds itself under pressure from the dominant Francophone culture. It is also felt by some to be threatened by the Breton [[language revival]] which is gaining ground in territories that were never part of the main Breton-speaking area.
:::Oh. Well, that's Irish Catholic. It's not the same thing as Irish American. I assure you that my grandparents are quite Irish, but they're also Protestant. Anyway, I don't really care, but he ought to be described by whatever reasonable label he chooses. I never heard him say he was Irish American either. Just thought you might be actually in Ireland, that's all. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 05:58, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
Privately funded ''Diwan'' ("Seed") schools, where classes are taught in Breton by the immersion method, play an important part in the revival of the Breton language. The issue of whether they should be funded by the State has long been, and remains, controversial. Some bilingual classes are also provided in ordinary schools.
== Democratic-Republican Party article name ==
Despite the resistance of French administration, bilingual (Breton and French) road signs may be seen in some areas, especially in the traditional Breton-speaking area. Signage in Gallo is much rarer.
Hello, I notice that you argued in the past for moving [[Democratic-Republican Party (United States)]] to a ___location in line with the fact that the party was actually called the Republican Party. I've tried to reopen that discussion at [[Talk:Democratic-Republican Party (United States)]]. Any comments would be welcome. [[User:John Kenney|john k]] 03:16, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
::yes, I agree 100% [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 03:35, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
A large influx of English-speaking immigrants and [[second-home]] owners in some villages sometimes adds to linguistic diversity.
== [[Scots-Irish Americans]] ==
==Music==
Hey there. I left a comment on the [[Talk:Scots-Irish Americans|talk page]] of the article which you might be interested in reading. I greatly appreciate your attempt at compromise, and I'm not thinking of reverting the article as it presently stands. But I do have a suggestion to make, and an explaination for my previous edits. --[[User:Setanta747|Mal]] 09:02, 20 April 2006 (UTC)
{{Main|Music of Brittany}}
Some of the musicians for which Brittany is known are: the most famous, [[Alan Stivell]], but also [[Denez Prigent]], les frères Guichen, Carré Manchot, Ar Re Yaouank, Sonerien Du, Loened Fall, [[Yann Tiersen]], etc.
== npov tag Religion==
[[Image:Bretagne Finistere StJeanTrolimon 11032.jpg|thumb|Sculpted "calvaries" can be found in many villages]]
The first Christian missionaries came to the region from [[Ireland]] and [[Great Britain]]. With more than 300 "[[saint]]s" (only a few recognized by the Catholic Church), the region is strongly [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholic]]. Since the nineteenth century at least, Brittany has been known as one of the most devoutly Catholic regions in France, in contrast to many other more secularised areas. The proportion of students attending Catholic private schools is the highest in France. As in other Celtic regions, the legacy of [[Celtic Christianity]] has left a rich tradition of local saints and monastic communities, often commemorated in place names beginning ''Lan'', ''Lam'', ''Plou'' or ''Lok''. The [[patron saint]] of Brittany is Santez Anna [[Saint Anne]], the Virgin's mother. But the most famous saint is Saint [[Ivo of Kermartin]] ('saint Yves' in French, 'sant Erwan' in Breton), a [[13th century|13th-century]] priest who devoted his life to the poor.
Rjensen, I have good reasons for that tag. I have explicitly stated them on talk. I have a job to do, so I can't spend every second here debating you. I dispute the neutrality of that section, and I have given specific reasons for it. Pulling that tag is the height of discourtesy. You have now officially pissed me off by removing the tag repeatedly and against my repeated protestations. You will find that was a very poor decision. I'm a nice fellow, but when I run into someone pulling that sort of shit, I get highly motivated to put a stop to it. Don't fuck with me. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 00:53, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
::what are your reasons for the tag? [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 00:57, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
:::i've said 3 times on talk. now, i don't have the time to fool with this right now. i'll revisit it tomorrow. but that was complete crap. i don't know how long you've been around, but that's not how we operate here. not if you don't want to make enemies, and you don't want that; it makes the place rather unpleasant. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 01:04, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
::::You will live longer if you calm down, and become more respected if you can explain why other editors are POV and you are not. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 01:06, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
Once a year, believers go on a "pardon", the saint's [[feast day]] of the [[parish]]. It often begins with a procession followed by a mass in honour of the saint. There is always a pagan side, with some food and craft stalls. The three most famous pardons are:
:::::I did not call anyone POV, I don't even know who wrote the damn thing, though I'm rather beginning to suspect it was you. I said I dispute the neutrality of that section, and I said why. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 01:17, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* from Sainte-Anne d'Auray/Santez-Anna-Wened, where a poor farmer in the 17th century assured the saint give him the order to build a chapel in her honour.
:::::Two things, first, looking through your talk archives, I see people have objected before to you pulling tags. It's one thing to pull a tag if it's a drive-by tag with no explanation. It's another if the person has listed some specific objection. It's disrespectful whether or not you agree with the objection. That's something to be discussed on talk, and having the tag up for a day isn't going to hurt anything. Pulling the tag will, because it breeds emnity.
* from Tréguier/Landreger, in honour of St Yves, the patron saint of the judges, advocates, and any profession involved in justice.
:::::Second, from your interests, your attitude, and Google, I infer that you might be an academic; perhaps not. But if so, don't assume you're the only one around, or that it gives you any sort of special privilege. What it does give you is the skills to reference your work properly and to argue your case skillfully. I'm a prof too (economics), and I learned early on to lose the attitude because it pisses people off. If you've got the skills, you don't need it. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 01:35, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* from Locronan/Lokorn, in honour of St Ronan, with a ''troménie'' (a procession, 12 km-long) and numerous people in traditional costume,
::thanks for the complements. But I still don't know why anyone considers the heavily documented section to be POV. What would a non-POV version be like? [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 01:59, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
In Brittany, there is a very old [[pilgrimage]] called the ''Tro Breizh'' (tour of Brittany), where the pilgrims walk around Brittany from the grave of one founder saint to another. The seven founder saints of Brittany are:
:::Well, that's the point isn't it? We'll kick it around in talk over the next day or two and see if we can agree on a neutral version. Perhaps other editors will contribute. Your paragraph might be perfectly NPOV, but I am not yet convinced and have disputed it. You may persuade me. This is not my specific objection, but what made me first notice was that it received a top-level section. It seemed odd to give it that much prominence in the article hierarchy, particularly since I imagine there are at least a good 90 senators who didn't condemn McCarthy early on either. Then, as I commented in Talk, the specific connection to JFK seemed quite weak. I look forward to resolving the issue with you within a couple days, and will assume your good faith so long as you assume mine. Now, I must resist my compulsion to keep procrastinating by checking in here. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 02:12, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
::Ok good faith assumed. Should the story get top billing -- no. Should it be told? Yes it is critical to understanding how conservative and anti-communist was JFK and RFK. (Robert was MUCH more enthusiastic about McCarthy--but then he was also JFK's campaign manager.) The split between the conservative Irish and the liberals in Dem party was very deep; many liberals violently hated and feared Joe Kennedy, for example. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 02:19, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* St [[Pol Aurelian]], at Saint-Pol-de-Leon/Kastell-Paol,
:::See, already you are beginning to put it in some context that helps explain the significance. It needs to be part of a narrative, not hanging out there as a random allegation in a random section. While I have no desire to whitewash events from a half century past, I'm certain my reaction was a common one: just another wingnut Wikipedia smear. So, if it is indeed an important part of his story, the context needs to be explained. That way, the story will have enough credibility that it won't quickly be dismissed as a right-wing smear job. Though I now assume it was not intended as one, it had all the tell-tale signs: no references, artificial heading prominence, little narrative connection, seemingly long on speculation and short on facts, and a very protective guardian. In a scholarly journal, you can perhaps rely on your reputation to ensure a fair hearing. At Wikipedia, overrun as it is with partisan hacks, one must be much much more careful with tone and context. Otherwise, any unflattering contributions you make will likely be quite rationally discredited by the wary reader. [[User_talk:Derex|Derex]] 03:27, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* St [[Saint Tudwal|Tudual]] (''sant Tudwal''), at Tréguier/Landreger,
::::ok we're on the same wavelength. :) [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 03:32, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* St Brieuc, at Saint-Brieuc/S-Brieg,
* St Malo, at Saint-Malo/S-Maloù,
* St [[Samson of Dol]], at Dol,
* St Patern, at Vannes/Gwened
* St Corentin (''sant Kaourintin''), at Quimper/Kemper
Historically, the pilgrimage was made in one go (a total distance of around 600 km). Nowadays, however, pilgrims complete the circuit over the course of several years. In 2002, the Tro-Breizh included a special pilgrimage to [[Wales]], symbolically making the reverse journey of the Welshmen Sant Paol, Sant Brieg, and Sant Samzun. Whoever does not make the pilgrimage at least once in his lifetime will be condemned to make it after his death, advancing only by the length of his coffin each 7 year.
== Tobacco section? ==
Some old pagan traditions and customs from the old Celtic religion have also been preserved in Brittany. The most powerful folk figure is the [[Ankou]] or the "Reaper of Death" because even [[Jesus]] and the [[Mary, mother of Jesus|Virgin Mary]] obey him. He is a skeleton wrapped in a shroud with the Breton flat hat. He makes his journeys by night carrying an upturned scythe which he throws before him to reap his harvest. Sometimes he is on foot but mostly he travels in a cart, the Karrig an Ankou, drawn by two oxen and a lean horse. Two servants dressed in the same shroud and hat as the Ankou pile the dead into the cart, and to hear it creaking at night means you have little time left to live.
Is this 1860s tobacco chewing section really needed? Discuss [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Culture_of_the_Southern_United_States "here"] please :)
==Gastronomy==
Although some white [[wine]] is produced near the [[Loire River|Loire]], the traditional drinks of Brittany are:
* [[cider]] ([[Breton language|Breton]]: ''chistr'') - Brittany is the second largest cider-producing region in France;
* a sort of [[mead]] made from wild honey called ''[[chouchen]]'';
* an apple [[eau de vie]] called ''lambig''.
Some [[beer]]s are also now produced. Historically Brittany was a beer producing region, however, due to import of wine from other regions of France, beer drinking and production slowly came to an end in the early to mid 20th century. In the 1970s, due to a regional comeback, new beer breweries started to open. Around twenty breweries are now open.
==Image Tagging [[:Image:Brezhnevford.jpg]]==
[[Whisky]] is also being produced, and there is a small handful of distilleries that produce excellent whiskies. Another recent drink is the ''[[kir]] Breton'' ([[Creme de cassis|crème de cassis]] and cider) which may be served as an [[apéritif]].
Very thin, wide [[pancakes]] made from [[buckwheat]] flour are eaten with ham, eggs and other savoury fillings. They are usually called ''[[galette]]s'' (Breton ''galetes''), except in the western parts of Brittany where they are called ''[[crêpe]]s'' (Breton ''krampouezh''). Thin crêpes made from wheat flour are eaten for [[dessert]]. Other [[pastry|pastries]], such as ''[[kouign amann]]'' ("butter cake" in Breton) made from bread dough, butter and sugar, or ''[[far (breton)|far]]'', a sort of sweet [[Yorkshire pudding]], or ''[[clafoutis]]'' with prunes, are traditional.
{| align="CENTER" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; border:8px solid #FF0000; padding:5px;"
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|[[Image:Nuvola apps important.svg|30px|Warning sign]]
| <center><big>This media may be '''deleted'''.</big>
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Surrounded by the sea, Brittany offers a wide range of fresh sea food and fish, especially [[mussel]]s and [[oyster]]s. Among the sea food specialities is [[cotriade]].
Thanks for uploading '''[[:Image:Brezhnevford.jpg]]'''. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the [[copyright]] status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.
==Climate==
If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the {{tl|GFDL-self}} tag can be used to release it under the [[GFDL]]. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading [[Wikipedia:Fair use|fair use]], and then use a tag such as {{tlp|fairusein|article name}} or one of the other tags listed at [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags#Fair_use]]. See [[Wikipedia:Image copyright tags]] for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.
Since Brittany is on the west coast of France, it has a warm temperate climate. Rainfall occurs regularly - which has helped keep its countryside green and wooded - but sunny, cloudless days are also common.
In the summer months, Brittany can reach temperatures of about 30 degrees [[Celsius]], but is still comfortable compared to parts of France south of the [[Loire River]]. It generally has a moderate climate during both [http://www.discover-brittany.info/pics/climatesummer.gif summer] and [http://www.discover-brittany.info/pics/climatewinter.gif winter], and rain is not uncomfortably common or rare.
If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "[[Special:Contributions/{{PAGENAME}}|my contributions]]" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on [[wikipedia:Criteria for speedy deletion#Images.2FMedia|criteria for speedy deletion]]. If you have any questions please ask them at the [[Wikipedia:Media copyright questions|Media copyright questions page]]. Thank you. --[[User:Hetar|Hetar]] 09:40, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
The most popular summer resorts are on the south coast ([[La Baule-Escoublac|La Baule]], [[Belle Île]], [[Gulf of Morbihan]]), although the wilder and more exposed north coast also attracts summer tourists.
==Historian needed==
Hello again. [[User:PMA]]-- a longtime history and politics editor-- expects to encounter difficulty bringing the [[Vladimir Lenin]] article up to standard, considering-- to say the least-- that the article is being trolled by at least one unreconstructed Stalinist. It'd help if a professional historian could give him some assistance. He contacted [[User:Adam Carr|Adam Carr]], who was too bogged down with other articles to offer much help. Then I told him that I wouldn't be able to find much time for the article myself. So I recommended that he'd get in touch with you. Would you be able to take a look at the article. Regards. [[User:172|172]] | [[User talk:172|Talk]] 18:36, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
::The Lenin article is full of useless trivia and low-level POV, which I reduced a bit. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 18:44, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
:::Wow! Thanks for such a quick response! Excellent work! [[User:172|172]] | [[User talk:172|Talk]] 19:46, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
::::thanks :) [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 19:47, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
== UK /Britain Transport==
There are several airports in Brittany serving destinations in France and England. [[TGV]] train services link the région with cities such as [[Paris]], [[Lyon]], [[Marseille]], and [[Lille]] in France. In addition there are ferry services that take passengers, vehicles and freight to Ireland, England and the Channel Islands.
==Trivia about Brittany==
Just a gentle encouragement to you to check out your use of UK v Britain. United Kingdom is actually the standard political term for the country where I live, and Britain is a rather looser, informal usage which is actual slightly ambiguous. See [[Britain]] and [[British Isles (terminology)]]. Best wishes [[User:Gailtb|Gailtb]] 20:42, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* The Breton national anthem [[Bro Goz ma Zadoù|Bro Gozh ma Zadoù]] is set to the same tune as the [[Wales|Welsh]] and [[Cornwall|Cornish]] anthems.
::thanks for the tip. Reference books have a strong preference for "Britain" in most historical contexts, with "UK" used for geography. So we have "British government" and "high tide along the UK coastline." See for example ''The Oxford Companion to British History'' ed by John Cannon - Oxford University Press. 1997. I just checked the amazon.uk site and the current list of titles follows that guideline. Thus books on birds, mountains, highways, rivers use "UK". Books about historical topics use "Britain." [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 21:30, 21 April 2006 (UTC)
* A number of [[Breton]] independence groups exist and they enjoy increasing, but minority, support in [[election]]s.
== [[Douglas MacArthur]] and the NPOV tag ==
* Another famous Breton is the girl [[Bécassine]] (http://www.wnsstamps.ch/stamps/FR053.05/fr.html), a character from a strip cartoon.
Until the neutrality issues I raised are resolved, the NPOV tag stays on the [[Douglas MacArthur]] article. The article is on my watchlist in case you are thinking of removing it again. I encourage you to resolve the issues and ''then'' remove the tag. At the moment the article is totally unbalanced. - [[User:Ta bu shi da yu|Ta bu shi da yu]] 08:03, 22 April 2006 (UTC)
* Legendary road bicycle racer [[Bernard Hinault]] was born in the town of Yffiniac in Brittany.
== World War I ==
* [[Henry VII of England|King Henry VII]] spent quite some time living in Brittany ([[1471]] - [[1485]]).
Hello,
==See also==
Please be careful about accidentally inserting "Insert non-formatted text here" into the article. -- [[User:Curps|Curps]] 17:41, 22 April 2006 (UTC)
*[[Battle for Brest]]
*[[:br:|Wikipedia in Breton]]
*[[Bleimor (Breton Scouting organization)]]
*[[List of twin towns in the United Kingdom#Cornwall|Twinning/Jumelage between Breton and Cornish towns]]
==External links==
==Check this out [[User:Cyde/Ref converter]]==
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Brittany}}
* [http://www.agencebretagnepresse.com/ Brittany Press Agency]
* [http://www.webbreton.com/ Guide and Reference about Brittany]
* [http://brittany.france-province.net Over Brittany in pictures]
* [http://www.breizh.net/identity/ Personelezh Breizh e saozneg - Breton identity in English]
* [http://www.histoire-bretagne.com/ Istor Breizh- History of Brittany]
* [http://www.ofis-bzh.org Ofis ar brezhoneg - Office of the Breton Language]
* [http://www.antourtan.org/radio_fr.html Skingomz e Breizh - Brittany Radios]
* [http://www.chez.com/buan1/history_of_brittany.htm Istor Breizh e saozneg - History of Brittany in English]
* [http://www.brittany-bretagne.com/pg/dates.htm Deizoù Istor Breizh e saozneg - Dates of Brittany's History in English]
*[http://brittany.angloinfo.com/ AngloINFO Bretagne] residents' information in English
*[http://france-for-visitors.com/brittany/index.html Visiting Brittany]
*[http://poormansfortune.com/ Breton music in the USA] - In English
*[http://www.houseinbrittany.com/ Information & Accommodation in Brittany] - In English
*Self catering accommodation in Brittany: [http://www.brittanygite.co.uk]
*[http://www.bretonsdumonde.org/ Bretoned ar bed - Bretons du Monde]
* [http://www4.culture.fr/patrimoines/patrimoine_architectural_et_mobilier/sribzh/main.xsp?execute=parsed_query&query=region:|Bretagne|&tri=region&tri=dpt&tri=com&tri=adrstri&tri=lieu&tri=edif&tri=tico {{fr}} Cultural Heritage]
{{Celtic nations}}
This is awesome, and will save A LOT of time.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 19:29, 23 April 2006 (UTC)
::thanks for the tip! [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 19:31, 23 April 2006 (UTC)
[[Category:Brittany|*]]
===Out of courtesy===
Mentioned your name at: [[User_talk:Markles#User:Rjensen]], I don't really know who [[User_talk:Markles]] is, but you probably womped him.[[User:Travb|Travb]] 21:29, 23 April 2006 (UTC)
[[af:Bretagne]]
==Homeschooling==
[[ast:Bretaña]]
As a statistician, I find fault with your homeschooling analysis section. It's probably just the way you worded it. Here's an example: based on your description, we have no way of knowing that the 64% of households with degreed fathers correlate with the 58% who have a strong religious affiliation. They could be nearly mutually exclusive. That is, it is ''possible'' a segment may have educated fathers, and another segment may have a strong religious affiliation, but rarely both. The question then is, how many in one group also exist in the other? Your presentation doesn't show this, but the analysis ''[t]hus the profile is a group of well educated, high income parents with numerous children and a strong commitment to fundamentalist religion'' implies this correlation, and that's just not proper based on the facts presented. I suspect the source you used conducted the analysis and presented the results properly - it's just the way you've presented the facts. I hope that's clear.
[[br:Breizh]]
[[cy:Llydaw]]
Let me give you a textbook example. In a room of one-hundred people, 50 are men, 50 are women, 50 are attorneys, and 50 are secretaries. How many male attorneys are in the room? The only correct answer is "maybe zero, maybe fifty, or maybe some number in-between." Of course, if I mentioned that ten of the men are secretaries, then the rest of the numbers will all fall into place. Without that last vital piece of information, we just can't be sure.
[[da:Bretagne]]
[[de:Bretagne]]
That's the same problem I'm seeing with the section you've added. If you dig a bit more into your source and see how the author sorted this out, you'll be able to present a more logical section. This matter caught me attention because I had the following question: "what are the various demographic segments for homeschooling families?" The conclusion you presented showed only one, and that's when I noticed the flawed logic. Frankly, I suspect there exist several segments: well educated (correlates to income) sincerely religious folks (with or without many kids); well educated (ibid) religiously indifferent people with gifted children; poorly educated, low-income, religious zealots with a lot of kids; and criminals trying to keep a low profile. Of course, if you could dig up the raw data, I'd be keenly interested in checking it over. I realize my findings wouldn't go into Wikipedia (no original research), but I've got kids of my own... [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 21:02, 23 April 2006 (UTC)
[[et:Bretagne]]
[[es:Bretaña]]
:I took the information directly from the scholarly source--it's online and I suggest you read it. You say that multivariate analysis might show different patterns--that is theoretically possible but it rarely happens in real life. The data seems to be accurate and the summary is accurate. The group is indeed well educated, high income and fundamentalist. (And yes I am a statistician with a published book on statistics.)[[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 21:07, 23 April 2006 (UTC)
[[eo:Bretonio]]
[[eu:Bretainia]]
::I figured the source and the analysis were accurate. My concern was with the wording used in the article. Had I known you were a statistician, I would have used far fewer words! As far as "rarely happens" - I test and live for those exceptions!
[[fr:Bretagne]]
[[ga:An Bhriotáin]]
::You cite the author and year in the article, but you don't provide a link or a footnote. Rudner's got quite a bit of material online. If you could provide a link to the source (beyond [Rudner 1999]), I'd appreciate it. It is not my intention to second guess the analysis. I'm interested in these statistics for personal reasons. In reading the source, I may also find a better way to re-word the section so yahoos like me don't think they can nit-pik it. [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 00:20, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
[[gd:A' Bhreatainn Bheag]]
:::: citation to Rudner is [http://epaa.asu.edu/epaa/v7n8/] -- with data coutesy of Bob Jones University Press! [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 00:23, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
[[he:ברטאן]]
[[hr:Bretanja]]
:::yes the exceptions are the surprises. But the article in questions was full of POV and very thin on facts and so I tried to insert some. In a word: The homeschoolers are an outlier group, characterized by fundamentalist religion and well educated parents. At the 99% level I really have to reject the possibility that it is a mix of poor fundamentalists and rich others. :) [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 00:18, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
[[it:Bretagna]]
[[kw:Breten Vyghan]]
::::I also agree with your view. I mentioned the alternative view only as a possibility given just the percentages cited in the article. I think the useful research you've added to this article is great! [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 00:23, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
[[la:Britannia minor]]
[[nl:Bretagne]]
Zoiks! Given that the data was gathered only from "[p]arents contracted with Bob Jones University...", I'd seriously consider tossing the data set. Are you affiliated or familiar with BJU? If not, I suggest reading Wikipedia's BJU article. This combination of self-selection and religious extremism isn't a good combination so long as the parents have a choice of testing institutions (and they do). In short, ask a fundamentalist family who they want to do business with - other fundamentalists or someone else - and I think you're going to end up with significant selection bias. The fee-based part of the service concerns me as well. Financially challenged families may be curious to see how their kiddies compare, but they're less likely pay for the services. As a result, I'm interested in hearing why you think this data set is suitable for homeschooling demographic studies. The study's results seem predictable on bias alone. [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 01:15, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
[[ja:ブルターニュ地域圏]]
[[no:Bretagne]]
::well you start with what data exists, and worry about bias later. The other study I saw had a good sampling base and N=62. The web sites that serve these groups seems consistent with the religious effects. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 02:06, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
[[nrm:Brétangne]]
[[pl:Bretania]]
:::I checked with da missus. She's an actuary (with a Ph.D. in math). She agrees, "garbage in, garbage out." Unless the author found some way to clean up the data, there's not much you can do with it short of prefacing any result with "People who..." I revisited the article and read the commentaries. Even the reviewers had problems with the data. What do we do? Options:
[[pt:Bretanha]]
# Find a reasonable study
[[ru:Бретань]]
# Find a survey of literature stating there is no reasonable study
[[sk:Bretónsko (región)]]
# Qualify the heck out of the study presented (as you say, start with the data you have)
[[sl:Bretanja]]
[[sv:Bretagne]]
1) is ideal, but not likely. 2) is reasonable and likely. 3) is most expedient and should cover our credibility butts should the popular press start citing Wikipedia's numbers.
[[zh:布列塔尼]]
[[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 03:18, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::I agree. But don't knock BJU. We're talking about antiestablishment folks here, who know they need things like the Iowa tests if their kids are headed to college. If a group of homeschool parents dislikes BJU for political reasons I think they would still sign up. That is: bias probably is small. I was astonished so many of these kids are not allowed to have home computers! --surely that has changed by now [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 03:56, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
:::1) Not all homeschoolers are anti-establishment; we need decent data to sort out how many. 2) Colleges don't look at Iowa tests, they look at EDS'. 3) When given a choice of testing centers, BJU is just one of several. Folks who don't like them have no ''need'' to associate with them. 4) When we complained about the rules at Baylor University (Southern Baptist, 1990's), we were often reminded how much worse it could be had we attended BJU instead. BJU is a very ''special'' case 5) At least one whole population segment has no need for testing: the Amish (and similar groups). 6) I think you've dropped the poverty issue, and I suspect that's highly relevant (I was a debater, too =B-) ) to our demographic studies (see also point #2).
:::In short, only certain types of families are going to worry enough (or want to show off enough) to pay for testing that isn't required, won't (directly) get their kids into college, and select (or avoid) a testing service run by rather infamous zealots (they were in the news quite a bit a few years ago much to their detriment when Bush visited). [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 04:39, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::::Well you assume there is a family correlation and I think it's pretty weak. And yes, homeschoolers are vehemently anti-establishment. Listen to them talk about the public schools! (they sound like Senator Santorum I guess). If someone has better data I'd love to see it--but it can't exist or it would have entered the debates by now. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 04:43, 24 April 2006 (UTC).
:::::Family correlation? I'm not sure what you mean. Next, we can't judge any group based on what a few constituent loudmouths say to reporters looking for inflammatory items to publish or broadcast. What we need is real data. Hence, I propose adopting one of the three suggestions I made at 3:18. [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 04:56, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::::::Do people follow their leaders? in this case I think so. There are lost of political and legal dimensions that come into play here. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 05:03, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
:::::::The political and legal dimensions are interesting, but that doesn't obviate the need for good research, data, and analysis - which is this thread's topic. [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 05:07, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::::::::great data is wonderful. and rare. Look at the archaeologists who reconstruct a civilization from a couple broken pots. We can do that well. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 05:08, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
== Archduke Franz Ferdinand ==
Why in the world do you keep removing any reference to this person's name in the [[World War I]] article? You've done so twice now. Given the nature of Wikipedia it makes sense that we should not only provide his name but also a wikilink to the article about him, both of which you are removing for some reason. -- [[User:Curps|Curps]] 19:22, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::The WW1 article avoids names. He in particular did nothing at all and there is no need to know much about him except he got shot. This has to be a very brief summary, and the links should be the ones we recommnend for people to learn more. I added the link to [[Assassination at Sarajevo]] because it is quite useful. The Archduke was pretty much a zero in history and in a summary article we should only include important people and events worth reading about. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 19:36, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
:::The history books in my high school named him; I suspect simply adding his name and link is called for in this case. The article would look pretty incomplete without this significant and early fact related to the war's flashpoint. Leaving out his name begs the question. Putting it in and letting people click for themselves is perfectly reasonable. [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 22:57, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::::Everybody gets very full coverage in Wiki. The question is what to put in the summary. Most people ONLY read the summary. Which names should they know? The article certainly needs to talk about the [[assassination at Sarajevo]] -- but it needs to explain why it was important (Serbs kill heir to throne), not to teach people useless names . [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 23:11, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
:::::I scanned the article quickly, and I think name and "heir to the Austrian throne" is sufficient. At the moment, the salient point "heir to the throne" isn't included. It should be. Imagine if terrorists killed Prince William! At any rate, I suggest leaving name and adding "heir to the Austrian throne" or words to that effect. [[User:Rklawton|Rklawton]] 23:56, 24 April 2006 (UTC)
::::::yes I agree with you. If they had killed his wife and not the archduke it would not have started a war. [[User:Rjensen|Rjensen]] 00:04, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
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