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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
[[File:Lief Java Pertjatoeran Doenia Jul 1941 p9.jpg|thumb|The Lief Java Orchestra in 1941]]
{{multiple image
'''Lief Java''' (literally "Live Java") was an orchestra in the [[Dutch East Indies]] (now Indonesia). It was one of the first ''[[keroncong]]'' groups in the colony.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=14}}▼
| align = right
| direction = vertical
| header =
| width = 300
| image1 = Lief Java keroncong division.jpg
| alt1 = Keroncong division
| caption1 = Lief Java ''keroncong'' (above) and jazz divisions, 1936
 
| image2 = Lief Java jazz division.jpg
| alt2 = Jazz division
| caption2 =
}}▼
▲'''Lief Java''' (literally "LiveSweet Java") was an orchestra in the [[Dutch East Indies]] (now Indonesia). It was one of the first ''[[keroncong]]'' groups in the colony.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=14}}
 
==Members==
Line 6 ⟶ 19:
 
==History==
Lief Java was established in 1918 by Soewardi as the Rukun Anggawe Santoso Orchestra before changing its name to Lief Java in 1923. The orchestra used a variety of instruments, including [[cello]]scellos, [[flute]]sflutes, [[guitar]]sguitars, and [[violins]]. Most of the artists were amateurs, with little previous experience. The orchestra practiced in Kampung Kepuh, Kemayoran, Batavia (now [[Jakarta]]), in the home of musician S. Abdullah, and played a variety of songs, including both original onesoriginals and ones adaptedarrangements fromor othersadaptations.{{sfn|JCG, Lief Java}} The company had two musical divisions, ''[[keroncong]]'' and jazz.{{sfn|Yampolsky|2013|p=206}}
 
Sometime after 1925, after the Dutch colonial governmententrepreneurs established [[NIROM]], Lief Java began playing music over the radio as part of the station's Eastern Programme.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=20}} This helped the orchestra to grow in popularity and reach new audiences outside of Batavia. Ultimately, however, the orchestra left NIROM owing to concerns over the use of their intellectual property; NIROM appropriated a song they had composed for use in opening all of their broadcasts. Thus, sometime after 1937 the orchestra quit NIROM{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=21}} and joined the rival station VORO (Vereeniging voor Oostersche Radio Omroep), playing live every Saturday.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=28}} By the mid 1930s Hugo Dumas was the orchestra's leader.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=13}}▼
 
In 1938 Lief Java completed its first [[film score]], working for [[Tan's Film]] on its production ''[[Fatima (1938 film)|Fatima]]''.{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Fatima}} As Roekiah was the main star of Tan's, the orchestra was retained to score the company's later releases. This included ''[[Gagak Item]]'' (1939){{sfn|Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 1939, Gagak Item}} and ''[[Siti Akbari]]'' (1940).{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Siti Akbari}} Some of the orchestra's singers, such as Kartolo and Landouw, joined the company as actors.{{sfn|Imong 1941, Riwajat Roekiah–Kartolo|p=26}}{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Annie Landouw}} The orchestra also toured; one trip, to Borneo in 1939, is known to have been a commercial success.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=35}}▼
▲Sometime after 1925, after the Dutch colonial government established [[NIROM]], Lief Java began playing music over the radio as part of the station's Eastern Programme.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=20}} This helped the orchestra to grow in popularity and reach new audiences outside of Batavia. Ultimately, however, the orchestra left NIROM owing to concerns over the use of their intellectual property; NIROM appropriated a song they had composed for use in opening all of their broadcasts. Thus, sometime after 1937 the orchestra quit NIROM{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=21}} and joined the rival station VORO (Vereeniging voor Oostersche Radio Omroep), playing live every Saturday.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=28}} By the mid 1930s Hugo Dumas was the orchestra's leader.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=13}}
 
During the [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies]], the troupe abandoned changed their name from the Dutch Lief Java to the Japanese Kireina Djawa. During this period the orchestra performed live on several occasions, and their songs became increasingly pro-East Asian.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=59}} The orchestra was still in existence in 1949.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=14}}▼
▲In 1938 Lief Java completed its first [[film score]], working for [[Tan's Film]] on its production ''[[Fatima (1938 film)|Fatima]]''.{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Fatima}} As Roekiah was the main star of Tan's, the orchestra was retained to score the company's later releases. This included ''[[Gagak Item]]'' (1939){{sfn|Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 1939, Gagak Item}} and ''[[Siti Akbari]]'' (1940).{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Siti Akbari}} Some of the orchestra's singers, such as Landouw, joined the company as actors.{{sfn|Filmindonesia.or.id, Annie Landouw}} The orchestra also toured; one trip, to Borneo in 1939, is known to have been a commercial success.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=35}}
 
▲During the [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies]], the troupe abandoned changed their name from the Dutch Lief Java to the Japanese Kireina Djawa. During this period the orchestra performed live on several occasions, and their songs became increasingly pro-East Asian.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=59}} The orchestra was still in existence in 1949.{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=14}}
==Legacy==
An article in ''Pedoman Radio'' described the orchestra as "the 'mother' of the vocal and musical arts of Indonesia" ("'Ibu' seni-suara dan seni-musik Indonesia").{{sfn|Esha|Alhaziri|Fauzi|Donald W.|2005|p=14}}
 
==References==
{{refsreflist|30em}}
 
==Works cited==
{{refbegin|40em}}
*{{cite web
| title = Annie Landouw
| language =Indonesian Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4bc2e670b0a20_annie-landauw/filmography
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = Konfiden Foundation
| ___location =Jakarta Jakarta
|access-date=11 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106031836/http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/name/nmp4bc2e670b0a20_annie-landauw/filmography
| accessdate = 11 June 2013
|archive-date=6 January |2014 |ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Annie Landouw}} ▼
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/6HHpDkCvQ
|url-status=dead
| archivedate = 11 June 2013
}}▼
▲ | ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Annie Landouw}}
▲ }}
* {{cite book
| title = Apa Siapa Orang Film Indonesia
| trans_title trans-title=What and Who: Film Figures in Indonesia
| language = Indonesian
| ___location = Jakarta
Line 43 ⟶ 58:
*{{cite book
|title=Ismail Marzuki: Musik, Tanah Air, dan Cinta
|trans_titletrans-title=Ismail Marzuki: Music, Homeland, and Love
|language=Indonesian
|isbn=978-979-3330-36-5
Line 57 ⟶ 72:
|first5=Erwin R.
|year=2005
|ref=harv
|publisher=LP3ES
|___location=Yogyakarta
}}
*{{cite web
| title =Fatima Fatima
| language =Indonesian Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-f006-38-574433_fatima
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = Konfidan Foundation
| ___location =Jakarta Jakarta
|access-date=24 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202193627/http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-f006-38-574433_fatima
| accessdate = 24 July 2012
|archive-date=2 December |2013 |ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Fatima}} ▼
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/69OPnL4MG
|url-status=dead
| archivedate = 24 July 2012
}}▼
▲ | ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Fatima}}
▲ }}
*{{cite news
|title=Gagak Item
Line 82 ⟶ 95:
|date=19 December 1939
|publisher=Kolff & Co.
|accessdateaccess-date=4 March 2013
|ref={{sfnRef|Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad 1939, Gagak Item}}
}}
*{{cite journal
|title=Riwajat Roekiah–Kartolo
|trans_titletrans-title=History of Roekiah–Kartolo
|language=Indonesian
|workjournal=Pertjatoeran Doenia danDan Film
|issue=2
|___location=Batavia
Line 99 ⟶ 112:
|ref={{sfnRef|Imong 1941, Riwajat Roekiah–Kartolo}}
}}
*{{cite webencyclopedia
|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/web/encyclopedia/detail/3709/Ismail-Marzuki
|title=Ismail Marzuki
|language=Indonesian
|workencyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Jakarta
|publisher=Jakarta City Government
|access-date=5 January 2014 |archive-date= 6 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106032120/http://www.jakarta.go.id/web/encyclopedia/detail/3709/Ismail-Marzuki
|accessdate=5 January 2014
|ref={{sfnRef|JCG, Ismail Marzuki}} ▼
|archivedate=5 January 2014
|url-status=dead
|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6MORBmPhl
▲ |ref={{sfnRef|JCG, Ismail Marzuki}}
}}
*{{cite webencyclopedia
|title=Lief Java
|workencyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Jakarta
|url=http://www.jakarta.go.id/eng/encyclopedia/detail/1645
|publisher=Jakarta City Government
|access-date=5 January 2014 |archive-date= 6 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140106034322/http://www.jakarta.go.id/eng/encyclopedia/detail/1645
|accessdate=5 January 2014
|ref={{sfnRef|JCG, Lief Java}} ▼
|archivedate=5 January 2014
|url-status=dead
|archiveurl=http://www.webcitation.org/6MOQbASn5
▲ |ref={{sfnRef|JCG, Lief Java}}
}}
* {{cite web
| title = Siti Akbari
| language =Indonesian Indonesian
| url = http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-s010-39-092079_siti-akbari
| work = filmindonesia.or.id
| publisher = Konfidan Foundation
| ___location =Jakarta Jakarta
|access-date=24 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103184530/http://filmindonesia.or.id/movie/title/lf-s010-39-092079_siti-akbari
| accessdate = 24 July 2012
|archive-date=3 November |2013 |ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Siti Akbari}} ▼
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/69ORNyFQG
|url-status=dead
| archivedate = 24 July 2012
}}▼
▲ | ref = {{sfnRef|Filmindonesia.or.id, Siti Akbari}}
*{{Cite thesis
▲ }}
|title=Music and media in the Dutch East Indies: Gramophone records and radio in the late colonial era, 1903-19421903–1942▼
*{{Cite dissertation
▲ |title=Music and media in the Dutch East Indies: Gramophone records and radio in the late colonial era, 1903-1942
|year=2013
|last=Yampolsky
Line 139 ⟶ 149:
|institution=University of Washington
|___location=Seattle
}}
|ref=harv
▲}}
{{refend}}
 
{{authority control}}
 
[[Category:Indonesian orchestras]]
[[Category:Disbanded orchestras]]
[[Category:Arts organizations established in 1918]]
[[Category:1918 establishments in the Dutch East Indies]]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lief_Java"