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'''Emmanuel Logrono''' (born approx. [[1951]]), better known as ''Sunshine Logrono'' is a famous [[Puerto Rican]] actor, show host, singer and comedian. Logrono has enjoyed success on Puerto Rican [[television]] for four decdes.
[[es:GRD]]
'''Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)''' are a classification of hospital case types into groups expected to have similar hospital resource use. The groupings are based on diagnoses (''using [[ICD]]''), procedures, age, sex, and the presence of complications or [[comorbidity|comorbidities]] (definitio from the [[Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality]]).
Logrono's first steps in the entertainment business were with the typical Puerto Rican music group, ''[[Haciendo Punto en Otro Son]]'', alongside, among others, [[Jacobo Morales]] and [[Silverio Perez]]. ''Haciendo Punto en Otro Son'' made a few albums during the [[1970s]], but by the late years of that decade, the group disbanded. However, Logrono, Morales and Perez would soon reunite, adding [[Horacio Olivo]] and forming a musical group named ''[[Los Rayos Gamma]]'. ''Los Rayos Gamma'' had a television show on [[Supersiete|channel 7]], where they satirized politicians with their songs. The went on to make a few albums too.
'''Diagnosis-related groups''' are a system for classifying patient care by relating common characteristics such as [[diagnosis]] , [[treatment]] and age, to an expected consumption of hospital resources and length of stay. They form the cornerstone of the prospective payment system (definition based on [[Medline]], 1997; Decision Group, 1999).
After ''Los Rayos Gamma'' disbanded, Sunshine kept active, making apprearances at several tv shows. Then, in [[1989]], he began hosting a show named ''Sunshines Cafe'' on [[WAPA-TV]]. ''Sunshines Cafe'' was very popular among [[Puerto Rico]]'s tv viewers. Sunshine played many characters, including a [[Homosexual|homosexual]] named ''Vitin'', and many of his phrases became household sayings.
The DRGs work by grouping the 10,000+ ICD codes into a more manageable number of meaningful patient categories (close to 500 IN 2003). Patients within each category are similar clinically and in terms of resource use. (The DRG grouper uses administrative data to group patients.)
In [[1991]], Logrono had a chance to star in a [[Hollywood]] movie: he acted opposite [[Martin Short]] and [[Kurt Russell]] in ''[[Captain Ron]]''.
I.e., in 1991, the top 10 DRGs overall are: normal [[newborn]], [[vaginal delivery]], [[heart failure]], [[psychose]]s, [[cesarean section]], neonate with significant problems, [[angina pectoris]], specific [[cerebrovascular disorder]]s, [[pneumonia]], and [[hip/knee replacement]]. They comprise nearly 30 percent of all hospital [[discharge]]s.
Logrono attempted to show his serious actor side in the late [[1990s]], participating in various theater plays.
Created by [[Robert Barclay Fetter]] in the [[Yale University]] with the material support of the former Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), nowadays the [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|Centers for '''Medicare''' and Medicaid Services ]](CMS), in the [[United States Department of Health and Human Services]].
Currently, he is the host of a show named ''Sunshine en la Noche'' (''Sunshine at Night'').
In [[1983]] it was adopted officially by '''[[Medicare]]''' to pay hospitals for [[healthcare]] based on diagnosis, age, gender, and complications.
The history, design and classification rules of the DRG system, as well as its application on patient discharge data and updating procedures, are presented in the [[Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services|HCFA]] ''DRG Definitions Manual'' (Also known as the ''Medicare DRG Definitions Manual'' and ''the Grouper Manual''). Generally appears in octuber of every year a new version. In 2002 appeared the 20.0 version.
=== External links ===
*[http://www.ahcpr.gov Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (HCFA)].
*[http://www.ahcpr.gov/data/hcup/94drga.htm DRG definition].
*[http://www.umanitoba.ca/centres/mchp/concept/dict/drg/DRG_overview.html DRG and ICD].
*[http://www.ahcpr.gov/data/hcup/rn4.htm Most Frequent Diagnoses and Procedures for DRGs].
*[http://cms.hhs.gov/providers/pufdownload CMS files for download]
*[http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/med/DRG_Rates.pdf Some DRG rates in PDF format].
*[http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/ota/Ota_4/DATA/1983/8306.PDF Diagnosis Related Groups (DRGs) and the Medicare Program: Implications for Medical Technology in PDF format].
*[http://cms.hhs.gov/researchers/default.asp CMS GRD Statistics]
*[http://webtext.library.yale.edu/xml2html/mssa.1496.con.html R.B. Ferrer].
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