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An [[Interferometry|interferometer]] is an [[Optics|optical]] [[Measurement|measuring]] device using the principle of [[light]] waves [[Interference (wave propagation)|canceling]] and [[Interference (wave propagation)|reinforcing]] each other. Interferometers are typically used to [[Accuracy and precision|accurately]] [[Measurement|measure]] [[distance]]s. Planar lightwave [[Electronic circuit|circuits]] are either optical [[integrated circuit]]s (ICs) or optical [[Printed circuit board|circuit boards]] made using the same manufacturing techniques as their [[Electronics|electronic]] counterparts, using optical [[waveguide]]s to route [[photon]]s the same way that metal traces are used to route [[electron]]s in electronic ICs and circuit boards. A '''planar lightwave circuit interferometer''' (PLCI) is a planar lightwave circuit configured as an interferometer. PLCIs can take on any form which is rigidly printable, e.g. [[Mach–Zehnder interferometer|Mach-Zehnder]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Dainesi|first1=P.|last2=Kung|first2=A.|last3=Chabloz|first3=M.|last4=Lagos|first4=A.|last5=Fluckiger|first5=P.|last6=Ionescu|first6=A.|last7=Fazan|first7=P.|last8=Declerq|first8=M.|last9=Renaud|first9=P.|date=June 2000|title=CMOS compatible fully integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer in SOI technology|journal=IEEE Photonics Technology Letters|volume=12|issue=6|pages=660–662|doi=10.1109/68.849076|issn=1041-1135|bibcode=2000IPTL...12..660D|s2cid=1309834 }}</ref> [[Michelson interferometer|Michelson]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Li|first1=X.|last2=Xiao|first2=X.|last3=Xu|first3=H.|last4=Li|first4=Z.|last5=Chu|first5=T.|last6=Yu|first6=J.|last7=Yu|first7=Y.|date=March 2013|title=Highly Efficient Silicon Michelson Interferometer Modulators|journal=IEEE Photonics Technology Letters|volume=25|issue=5|pages=407–409|doi=10.1109/lpt.2013.2238625|issn=1041-1135|bibcode=2013IPTL...25..407L|s2cid=23495473 }}</ref> [[Young's Interferometer|Young's interferometer]],<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Koshelev|first1=A.|last2=Calafiore|first2=G.|last3=Peroz|first3=C.|last4=Dhuey|first4=S.|last5=Cabrini|first5=S.|last6=Sasorov|first6=P.|last7=Goltsov|first7=A.|last8=Yankov|first8=V.|date=2014-10-01|title=Combination of a spectrometer-on-chip and an array of Young's interferometers for laser spectrum monitoring|journal=Optics Letters|language=EN|volume=39|issue=19|pages=5645–5648|doi=10.1364/ol.39.005645|pmid=25360949|issn=1539-4794|bibcode=2014OptL...39.5645K}}</ref> etc. PLCIs are often found in products that are mass-produced, such as [[Multiplexing|multiplexers/demultiplexers]]<ref name="NTT_Mux">[http://www.ntt-electronics.com/en/products/photonics/awg_mul_d.html Arrayed-Waveguide Grating Multi/Demultiplexer], NTT Electronics Corporation</ref> used in communications technology.<ref name="Photonics_Spectra">[http://www.photonics.com/Article.aspx?AID=41613 Planar Lightwave Circuits Enable Next-Generation 40G/100G Networks], Photonics Spectra magazine, March 2010</ref>
==See also==
*[[List of types of interferometers]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Planar Lightwave Circuit Interferometer}}
[[Category:Interferometers]]
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