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[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma%20del%20Banco https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma del Banco] (german article)<br>

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[[User:IAmAToad/FinalProject/FinalDraft|FINAL DRAFT ENGLISH]]

== English - first draft==

'''Alma Aline Henriette del Banco''' (*December 24, 1862 in [[Hamburg]]<ref>despite literature claiming this to be her year of birth, her gravestone claims it to be 1863</ref>; †March 8, 1943 in Hamburg) was a [[Germany|German]] painter during [[Modernity|modernity]]. After being persecuted during [[Nazism|national socialism]] for being [[Jews|Jewish]], she died in 1943 by [[suicide]] to avoid [[deportation]] to a [[Extermination camp|death camp.]]

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==== Prosecution and confiscation of her works ====

However, this changed due to the increasingly [[Antisemitism|antisemitic]] atmosphere in the late 1920s, which resulted in the [[Nazi Germany|national socialist dictatorship]]. In 1933, the association of Hamburg artists expelled Alma del Banco because she came from a Jewish family, as these expulsions had become government mandated. In contrast, the ''Hamburg Secession'' disbanded itself, partially because they wanted to spare their Jewish colleagues the humiliation of being expelled. <br>

13 of her paintings were confiscated from the ''Hamburger Kunsthalle'' in 1937 during the ''Entartete Kunst'' ([[degenerate art]]) movement. Nine of these paintings were subsequently destroyed, the fate of three more paintings is unknown. Only one painting, ''Bildnis Pastor Hunzingers''<ref>{{Internetquellecite web|access-date=2022-08-23|title=Stale Session|url=http://emuseum.campus.fu-berlin.de/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.t1.collection_detail.$TspImage.link&sp=10&sp=Scollection&sp=SfieldValue&sp=0&sp=0&sp=3&sp=SdetailView&sp=7&sp=Sdetail&sp=2&sp=F}}<!-- |titel=Staleauto-translated Sessionby Module:CS1 translator |abruf=2022-08-23}}></ref> (portrait of Pastor Hunzinger), could be recovered. The oil painting was sold to [[art dealer]] Bernhard A. Böhmer in 1940 for “recycling”, recovered after 1945 and, as of March 2021, now resides in the ''Kulturhistorisches Museum Rostock''<ref name="Stolpersteine">{{Internetquellecite web|access-date=2022-08-23|title=Stale Session|url=http://emuseum.campus.fu-berlin.de/eMuseumPlus?service=RedirectService&sp=Scollection&sp=SfieldValue&sp=0&sp=0&sp=3&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=0&sp=F}}<!-- |titel=Staleauto-translated Sessionby Module:CS1 translator |abruf=2022-08-23}}></ref> (cultural-historical museum of Rostock) for the sake of [[Repatriation (cultural property)|repatriation]]. In 1938, Alma del Banco was expelled from the ''Reichskulturkammer'' ([[Reich Chamber of Culture]]). She was persecuted by the regime both for being Jewish and for being an [[Avant-garde|avantgarde]] artist. The government banned her from partaking in [[Exhibition|exhibitions]], and due to her expulsion from artistic societies as well as the public contempt for her works, she began spiraling more and more into artistic and social isolation.

==== Final years ====

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=== Honors ===

In front of her last residence in [[Blankenese]], a ''[[Stolperstein]]'' was installed for Alma del Banco<ref>[http://www.stolpersteine-hamburg.de/index.php?MAIN_ID=7&BIO_ID=775 ''Alma del Banco''] at stolpersteine-hamburg.de. Retrieved 2013-06-01.</ref><ref>{{Internetquellecite web|autoraccess-date=2013-06-01|author=Matthias Schmoock|date=2019-07-30|title=Blankeneser Künstlerhaus wegen Bauprojekts abgerissen|url=https://www.abendblatt.de/hamburg/elbvororte/article226630479/Blankeneser-Kuenstlerhaus-abgerissen.html |titel= Blankeneser Künstlerhaus wegen Bauprojekts abgerissen|werkwebsite=[[Hamburger Abendblatt]] |datum=2019}}<!-07-30 |abruf=2013auto-06translated by Module:CS1 translator -01}}-></ref>

. <br>

In 1985, the street ''Del-Banco-Kehre'' in the Hamburg district [[Neuallermöhe]] was named after her. <br>