Computer Graphics Metafile: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Image file format family}}

{{Infobox file format

| name = Computer Graphics Metafile

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| screenshot =

| caption =

| extension = <tt>{{mono|.cgm</tt>}}

| mime = <tt>{{mono|image/cgm</tt>}}<ref>[httphttps://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/image/ IANA Image Media Types]</ref>

| type code =

| uniform type =

| magic =

| owner = [[American National Standards Institute|ANSI]], [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]]/[[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]], [[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]]

| released = {{Start date and age|1986}}<br />(ANSI X3 122-1986)

| latest release version =

| latest release date =

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==Overview==

All [[computer graphics|graphical]] elements can be specified in a textual [[source file]] that can be compiled into a [[binary file]] or one of two text representations. CGM provides a means of graphics data interchange for computer representation of 2D graphical information independent from any particular application, system, platform, or device.

As a [[metafile]], i.e., a file containing information that describes or specifies another file, the CGM format has numerous elements to provide functions and to represent entities, so that a wide range of graphical information and geometric primitives can be accommodated. Rather than establish an explicit [[graphics file format]], CGM contains the instructions and data for reconstructing graphical components to render an image using an object-oriented approach.

Although CGM is not widely supported for web pages and has been supplanted by other formats in the graphic arts, it is still prevalent in engineering, aviation, and other technical applications.

The initial CGM implementation was effectively a streamed representation of a sequence of [[Graphical Kernel System]] (GKS) primitive operations. It has been adopted to some extent in the areas of [[engineering drawing|technical illustration]] and professional [[Industrial design|design]], but has largely been superseded by formats such as [[Scalable Vector Graphics|SVG]] and [[AutoCAD DXF|DXF]].

The [[World Wide Web Consortium]] has developed '''WebCGM''', a profile of CGM intended for the use of CGM on the Web.

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*1991 – ANSI/ISO 8632-1987 (ANSI and ISO)

*1992 – ISO 8632:1992, a.k.a. CGM:1992 (ISO)

*1999 – ISO/IEC 8632:1999, 2nd Edition (ISO/IEC [[ISO/IEC JTC1JTC 1|JTC1/SC24]])

*December 17, 2001 – WebCGM ([[World Wide Web Consortium|W3C]])

*January 30, 2007 – [http://www.w3.org/TR/2007/REC-webcgm20-20070130/ WebCGM 2.0] (W3C)

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*Henderson, L.R., and A.M. Mumford, ''The CGM Handbook'', Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1993.

*Bono, P.R., J.L. Encarnacao, L.M. Encarnacao, and W.R. Herzner, ''PC Graphics With GKS'', Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, 1990.

*Vaughan Tay (2001)making it''Making workIt Work'', 5th ed

==See also==

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===General===

*[http://www.itl.nist.gov/div897/ctg/graphics/cgm_std.htm Overview of CGM Standards]

*[httphttps://www.fileformat.info/format/cgm/egff.htm CGM File Format Summary]

*[http://www.cgmopen.org/webcgm/index.html WebCGM Resource Page]

*[http://xml.coverpages.org/webCGM.html Technology Reports: WebCGM]

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[[Category:Open formats]]

[[Category:Graphics standards]]

[[Category:ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute standards]]

[[Category:World Wide Web Consortium standards]]

[[Category:ISO standards]]