Extreme Loading for Structures: Difference between revisions

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{{advertNotability|Product|date=SeptemberMarch 20092022}}

{{Infobox software

{{Infobox_Software

|name = Extreme Loading® for Structures

|screenshot =

|caption =

|developer = [[Applied Science International]]

|latest_release_version = ELS Version 3.0

|latest_release_date = September{{Start 3,date and age|2009|09|03}}

|operating_system = [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]

|genre = [[Simulation]] software

|license =

|website = [http://{{URL|www.extremeloading.com/Overview.aspx ELS® 3.0]}}

}}

'''Extreme Loading for Structures''' ('''ELS)''') is a commercial advanced structural -analysis software program developed by [[Applied Science International]], LLC. Unlike many structural analysis tools based on [[finite element method]] technology in which structures bend but do not break, ELS is based on the [[applied element method]] (AEM), which allows for the automatic tracking and propagation of cracks, separation of elements, element collision, and collapse of structures under extreme loads.<ref name="AEMTheory">{{cite journal | last author1= | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Meguro, K. and |author2=Tagel-Din, H. | title = Applied element method for structural analysis: Theory and application for linear materials | journal = Structural engineeringEngineering/earthquake engineeringEarthquake Engineering | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 21-3521–35 | publisher = Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE) | ___location = Japan | dateyear = 2000 | url = http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200014/000020001400A0511912.php | issnid = F0028A | doiaccessdate = 2009-08-10 | idurl-status = F0028Adead | accessdatearchiveurl = 2009https://web.archive.org/web/20120229032846/http://sciencelinks.jp/j-08east/article/200014/000020001400A0511912.php | archivedate = 2012-1002-29 }}</ref>. AEM combines features of [[Finite element method]] and [[Discrete element method]] simulation with its own solver capabilities for the generation of PC-based structural analysis.

'''Extreme Loading for Structures (ELS)''' is a commercial advanced structural analysis software program developed by [[Applied Science International]], LLC. Unlike many structural analysis tools based on [[finite element method]] technology in which structures bend but do not break, ELS is based on the [[applied element method]] (AEM), which allows for the automatic tracking and propagation of cracks, separation of elements, element collision, and collapse of structures under extreme loads<ref name=AEMTheory>{{cite journal | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = Meguro, K. and Tagel-Din, H. | title = Applied element method for structural analysis: Theory and application for linear materials | journal = Structural engineering/earthquake engineering | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 21-35 | publisher = Japan Society of Civil Engineers(JSCE) | ___location = Japan | date = 2000 | url = http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200014/000020001400A0511912.php | issn = | doi = | id = F0028A | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>.

==History==

Research and development related to the AEM based Extreme Loading^® Technology began in 2003 when Applied Science International was formed. AEM is a new method of analysis which combines features of [[Finite element method|FEM]] and [[Discrete element method|DEM]] simulation methods with its own solver capabilities. This, in turn, allows AEM to effectively address the previous inability of desktop analysis tools to perform [[structural analysis]] through all three stages of loading. The first release of Extreme Loading for Structures appeared in the form of 2D analysis, where structures could be modeled, loading scenarios applied, and results viewed. ASI released version 2.0 in 2008 allowing users to perform 3D analysis though modeling was largely limited to 2D and limited 3D functionality. In 2008 the [[United States Department of Homeland Security]] assigned ELS Designation Status for Anti-terrorism under the SAFETY Act<ref>{{cite web | author = DHS | title = SAFETY Act Desingation Status Listing | publisher = Department of Homeland Security | url = https://www.safetyact.gov/DHS/SActHome.nsf/Designations?ReadForm | accessdate = 2009-08-10}}</ref>. In 2009, ELS version 3.0 was released, allowing its users to model, simulate, and view analysis with complete 3D functionality.

==ELS Modeler==

In the ELS modeler the user has the ability to model using a variety of default [[List of structural elements|structural components]] such as columns, slabs, walls, windows, [[steel sections]], reinforcement and 8-node objects. Pre-stressing, cables, pre-cracking and holes can also be added to models to reflect the required realworld attributes of structures. To aid the user in modeling, attachments such as [[DXF|*.dxf]], [[STL (file format)|*.stl]], [[DGN|*.dgn]], and [[JPEG|*.jpeg]] can be easily imported. Models can also be imported from several FEM based software programs such as [[Abaqus]], [[ANSYS]], Etabs, Gambit, Ideas, [[LS-DYNA]], [[Nastran]], Patran, [[SAP2000]], and STAAD. ELS is [[Building Information Modeling]] ([[BIM]]) compatible with a plug-in for [[Revit|Autodesk Revit Structure]], thereby allowing users to import previously created structural components<ref name=ELSOverview>{{cite web | author = ASI | title = Extreme Loading for Structures Software - Overview | publisher = Applied Science International | url = http://www.extremeloading.com/Overview.aspx | accessdate = 2009-08-12}}</ref>.

==ELS Solver==

Utilizing ELS users can perform multi-stage static and dynamic analysis in 2D and 3D. Static loading types include concentrated loads, [[Displacement (vector)|displacements]], [[hydrostatic pressure]]s, uniform pressures, moving loads, element removals, and line loads. Available dynamic loading types include concentrated loads, displacements, [[Earthquake|seismic loads]], uniform pressures, element removals, and moving loads. ELS comes with a predefined material library with both linear and non-linear material models that include [[steel]], [[concrete]], [[reinforced concrete]], [[glass]], [[aluminum]], [[elastic]], and [[Tension (physics)|tension]]<ref name="ELSOverview"/>.

===2003===

The '''AEM solver''' automatically calculates

* Research and development related to the software begins with the formation of Applied Science International. The first release of ELS appears in the form of 2D analysis with structures modeled, loading scenarios applied, and results viewed.

*Automated plastic hinge formation

*Buckling, post buckling and large displacements

*Automatic contact and collision detection

===2008===

==ELS Output Viewer==

* Version 2.0 allows users to perform 3D analysis, though modeling is largely limited to 2D and restricted 3D functionality.

Once the AEM solver begins, output can be immediately observed in the ELS Viewer where a variety of animated diagrams, charts and files can be created for visual representation of the analysis. The ELS viewer can create the following exportable content:

* The United States Department of Homeland Security assigns ELS Designation Status for Anti-terrorism under the SAFETY Act.<ref name="Dhs">{{cite web | author = DHS | title = SAFETY Act Designation Status Listing | publisher = Department of Homeland Security | url = https://www.safetyact.gov/DHS/SActHome.nsf/Designations?ReadForm | accessdate = 2009-08-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090814034718/https://www.safetyact.gov/DHS/SActHome.nsf/Designations?ReadForm | archive-date = 2009-08-14 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

*Animated diagrams:

**Internal force

**Envelope

*Animated stress-strain contours

*Load displacement curves

*Animated charts available:

**Load

**Displacement

**Stress

**Strain

**Time

**Velocity

**Acceleration

*Eigen modes

*Export to *.avi and *.bmp

*Through additional plug-ins ELS can export animation data to [[Autodesk 3ds Max]] and [[Autodesk Maya|Maya]] for use in [[visual effects]] for television and film<ref name="ELSOverview"/>.

==Applications=2009===

* ELS version 3.0 is released with complete 3D functionality.

ELS is currently being utilized for a variety of advanced engineering analysis functions. Structural vulnerability assessment & risk mitigation, [[Progressive collapse|progressive collapse analysis]], blast analysis, demolition prediction analysis, impact analysis, [[seismic analysis]], forensic engineering, performance based design, glass performance analysis product development and visual effects<ref name="ELSOverview"/>.

==See also==

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*[[Structural engineering]]

*[[Earthquake simulation]]

*[[Applied Element Method]]

==Academic institutions==

Applied Science International is currently involved in research and development projects with moreMore than 20 [[universities]] and [[academic institutions]] worldwide.are currently Thisinvolved hasin resultedresearch and development projects resulting in the creation of numerous publications on topics related to the Applied Element MehtodMethod and Extreme Loading^® for Structures.<ref name="Website">{{cite web | author = AEM Website | title = Applied Element Method - Publications Library | publisher = AppliedElementMethod.com | url = http://www.appliedelementmethod.com/Publications.aspx | accessdate = 2009-08-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090808151025/http://www.appliedelementmethod.com/Publications.aspx | archive-date = 2009-08-08 | url-status = dead }}</ref>. Academic institutions working with ELS include:

{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="950"

! colspan="4" | Academic Institutions working with ELS<ref name="Asi">{{cite web | author = ASI | title = Extreme Loading for Structures - Universities | publisher = Applied Science International, LLC | url = http://www.extremeloading.com/Clients.aspx |accessdate= 2009-08-12}}</ref>

|-align="center"

|[[Auburn University]]

|[[Carleton University]]

|[[Concordia University (Quebec)|Concordia University]]

|[[Dresden University of Technology]]

|-align="center"

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|[[Milwaukee School of Engineering]]

|-align="center"

|[[National Society for Earthquake Technology]]

|[[National University of Singapore]]

|[[Northeastern University]]

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== External links ==

* [httphttps://www.appliedelementmethod.com/default.aspx Applied Element Method]

* [httphttps://www.extremeloading.com/default.aspx Extreme Loading for Structures]

* [httphttps://www.appliedscienceint.com/Default.aspx Applied Science International, LLC]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Extreme Loading For Structures}}

[[Category:Scientific simulation software]]

[[Category:Numerical analysissoftware]]

[[Category:Structural analysis]]

[[Category:Glass engineering and science]]

[[Category:Computer-aided engineering software]]