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'''Arthur Coleman Danto''' (b. [[1924]]) is an [[United States|American]] [[art critic]], [[professor]] and [[philosopher]]. He is best known for his work in philosophical [[aesthetics]] and [[philosophy of history]], though he has contributed significantly to a number of fields.
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image=[[Image:HarleyQuinnCvr26.jpg|250px]]
|caption=Cover to ''Harley Quinn'' #26.<br>Art by [[Mike Huddleston]] and [[Troy Nixey]].
|comic_color=background:#8080ff
|character_name=Harley Quinn
|real_name=Harleen Quinzel
|publisher=[[DC Comics]]
|debut=''[[Batman: The Animated Series|B:TAS]]'': Episode #022: "[[Joker's Favor]]" (Original Airdate: [[11 September]] [[1992]]);<br>[[DC Universe]]: "Batman: Harley Quinn" (October, 1999)
|creators=[[Paul Dini]]<br>[[Bruce Timm]]
|alliance_color=background:#c0c0ff
|status=Active
|alliances=[[Joker (comics)|The Joker]], [[Poison Ivy]], [[Catwoman]]
|previous_alliances=
|aliases=
|relatives=
|powers=Superhuman agility and strength.<br>Immunity to all toxins.
|}}
'''Harley Quinn''' (real name '''Dr. Harleen Quinzel''') is a [[fictional character]], a [[supervillain]] in the animated series ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]'' and its spin-offs, and subsequently in various [[Batman]]-related [[comic book]]s. As suggested by her name (a play on the word "[[harlequin]]"), she is clad in the manner of a traditional [[Jester|harlequin jester]].
Professor Danto has been teaching at [[Columbia University]] in [[New York City|New York]] since [[1951]], as a professor since 1966. He has been the recipient of many fellowships and grants including two [[Guggenheim Fellowship]]s, [[American Council of Learned Societies|ACLS]], and [[Fulbright Program|Fulbright]], and has served as Vice-President and President of the [[American Philosophical Association]], as well as President of the [[American Society for Aesthetics]].
The character was created by [[Paul Dini]] and [[Bruce Timm]] and is voiced in the [[animated series]] by [[Arleen Sorkin]].
Danto is the author of numerous books, including ''Nietzsche as Philosopher'', ''Mysticism and Morality'', ''The Transfiguration of the Commonplace'', ''Narration and Knowledge'', ''Connections to the World: The Basic Concepts of Philosophy'', and ''Encounters and Reflections: Art in the Historical Present'', a collection of [[art criticism]] which won the [[National Book Critics Circle]] Prize for Criticism in 1990. His most recent book is ''Unnatural Wonders: Essays from the Gap Between Art and Life ''.
==History on ''Batman: The Animated Series''==
Harley Quinn first appeared in the ''Batman: The Animated Series'' episode "[[Joker's Favor]]" (episode #22, original airdate: [[September 11]] [[1992]]), where she served as a humorous female [[sidekick]] and on-again, off-again girlfriend to the [[Joker (comics)|Joker]]. In her first appearances she was depicted as completely devoted to the Joker, totally oblivious to what a [[psychopath]]ic monster he truly is - a characterisation that has remained more or less consistent throughout her subsequent appearances.
As art critic for ''[[The Nation (U.S. periodical)|The Nation]]'', he has also published numerous articles in other journals. In addition, he is an editor of the ''[[Journal of Philosophy]]'' and consulting editor for various other publications.
The origin of the character was recounted in a 1994 [[graphic novel]] ''[[Mad Love (comic)|The Batman Adventures: Mad Love]]''. Told in the style and continuity of ''Batman: The Animated Series'' and written and drawn by Dini and Timm, the comic book revealed Harley's origins as an [[Arkham Asylum]] [[psychiatry|psychiatrist]] who fell in love with the Joker. The story was widely praised [http://www.harley-quinn.com/madlove.html] and won the [[Eisner Award|Eisner]] and [[Harvey Award]]s for Best Single Issue Comic of the Year.
Prof. Arthur Danto is contributing editor of ''[[Naked Punch Review]]'' and ''[[Artforum]]''.
The ''Mad Love'' story was originally thought too violent for the animated series, though it was eventually adapted in ''[[The New Batman and Robin Adventures]]'' series episode "Mad Love" in 1999. This made it the first "animated style" comic book which was adapted for the series (the other being a holiday special adapted into the episode "Holiday Knights").
* Emeritus Johnsonian Professor of Philosophy
[[Image:Justice_league_harley_quinn.jpg|thumb|left|170px|Harley Quinn, as seen in the ''[[Justice League (animated series)|Justice League]]'' animated series (Episode: Wild Cards).]]
In the animated series, Quinn often teamed up with supervillain [[Poison Ivy (comics)|Poison Ivy]] against [[Batman]]. Quinn's friendship with Ivy was one of the few villainous team-ups in the animated series seemingly rooted in genuine friendship, although Quinn's flaky personality often tried Ivy's patience. The close friendship between the two characters, particularly in the animated series, fueled fan-speculation of possible [[lesbian]] undertones. Sly hints to the existence of such a relationship turn up in "Batgirl Adventures #1" (Feb 1998) and the "Harley and Ivy" miniseries (May-June 2004), both by Dini and Timm. (In the latter they're shown sleeping in the same bed.)
* B.A., [[Wayne State University]] (1948)
Quinn's eventual [[fate]] is shown in the movie ''[[Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker]]''. She disappeared, and was presumed dead, after falling into a deep crevasse during Batman's final showdown with the Joker; however, bottomless pits are a notoriously unreliable means of death in comic books. Indeed, a scene toward the end of the film reveals that she survived to start a family, with her granddaughters, Delia and Deidre Dennis, eventually joining the [[Jokerz]] gang. (After the twins are released from their cell, one of them says to her, "Shut up, [[Nana]] Harley.") This scene exists primarily because Harley is Paul Dini's admitted favorite character (not to mention being his main original addition to the Batman mythos), and he was unsettled by having to kill her off, so he sneaked that scene into the script on his own. It survived thanks to Timm, who felt the lighter moment was a perfect relief after the intensity of the [[climax (narrative)|climax]].
* M.A., [[Columbia University]] (1949)
* Ph.D., [[Columbia University]] (1952)
==Areas of specialization==
==DC Universe Comic history==
Thought, feeling, [[philosophy of art]], theories of [[Representation (arts)|representation]], [[Theoretical psychology|philosophical psychology]], [[Hegel]]'s [[aesthetics]], and the philosophers [[Merleau-Ponty|Maurice Merleau-Ponty]] and [[Schopenhauer|Arthur Schopenhauer]].
The character proved so popular that a version of her was eventually added to the ''[[Batman (comic book)|Batman]]'' comic book [[canon (fiction)|canon]]. The comic book version of Quinn, like the comic book version of The Joker, is more dangerously [[psychosis|psychotic]] and less humorously kooky than the animated series version.
[[Category:1924 births|Danto, Arthur]]
[[Image:HarleyqLG.jpg|Cover to ''Batman: Harley Quinn''. Art by Alex Ross.|thumb]]
[[Category:Living people|Danto, Arthur]]
Quinn's [[DC Universe]] comic book origin, revealed in ''Batman: Harley Quinn'' (October 1999), is largely an adaptation of her animated origin from the ''Batman Adventures: Mad Love'' graphic novel.
[[Category:20th century philosophers|Danto, Arthur]]
[[Category:American art critics|Danto, Arthur]]
[[Category:American academics|Danto, Arthur]]
[[Category:Aesthetics|Danto, Arthur]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni|Danto, Arthur]]
[[Category:Columbia University faculty|Danto, Arthur]]
[[de:Arthur C. Danto]]
Harleen Quinzel was a psychiatric intern at Arkham Asylum. Highly intelligent, she received high grades in high school and college, graduating with honors in psychiatry. While interning at Arkham, she became fascinated with one particular inmate, The Joker, and ambitiously volunteered to analyze him. She fell in love nearly instantly with the Joker during their sessions. After helping him escape from the asylum more than once, she was caught by her superiors, her license was revoked, and she was put in her own cell. During an earthquake in [[Gotham City]], she fled and became Harley Quinn, The Joker's partner-in-crime.
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==External Links==
Harley's relationship with the Joker is one of the most complex and controversial in the [[DC Universe]]. While he often degrades and hurts her, sometimes near the point of death, there are many instances that show a more playful or mutually affectionate side to their bizarre relationship. In the animated universe, the Joker said of her, "a sweet kid, but a lousy cook". In some stories that dare to deal with the touchy subject more in depth, it is implied that the Joker wrestles with the extremely vexing idea of actually ''caring'' for someone. In the book ''Batman: Animated'', [[Mark Hamill]] (who provided the voice of the Joker in ''Batman: the Animated Series'') says "Expressing emotion in any way that's real and meaningful is alien to the Joker, but he's learning those parts of himself, however unconsciously, through Harley." Sorkin adds, "Everyone else sees the Joker laugh; only Harley has ever seen him cry." One example of this occasional bend in their rollercoaster relationship comes from the ''Emperor Joker'' series (''Action Comics'' #770) where Joker shares with Harley his deeply personal reasons for destroying the [[universe]], and instead of destroying her with it, he gives her a last kiss and turns her into a [[constellation]], saying "You get the best seat in the house for [[Armageddon]]. Say goodnight, Harley. I always wanted to see my dame in lights. Heh. Even in a moment of abject saccharine, I still got it." It could be said that while the Joker is truly evil, he is genuinely fond of Harley.
*[http://mpegmedia.abc.net.au/rn/podcast/current/audioonly/pze_20070310.mp3 Audio] Interview by [[Alan Saunders]] of [[ABC Radio National]] on the topic "Is it art?" -what objects/setups can be called art and what such categorization teaches us.
A good source for a more in-depth look at the early stages of their DC Universe relationship is [[Greg Rucka]]'s ''[[No Man's Land (comics)|No Man's Land]]'' novel.</p>
At one point, the Joker was frustrated with Quinn, and kicked her out. She proceeded to steal a Harlequin Diamond in the Gotham Museum to prove her worth to the Joker. The same day in the museum, Poison Ivy was robbing it of plant toxins. The two became quick friends and Ivy took her back to her lair in a [[toxic waste]] dump and nursed her back to health. This included injecting Harley with a serum that Ivy had developed, which has given Harley an immunity to all toxins and poisons, as well as boosting her [[immune system]]. Harley and Ivy teamed up and conducted a number of successful capers, which came to an end after Harley and the Joker made up. Ivy was not happy with Harley's lingering feelings for the Joker, whom she never liked. Ivy remains, however, her usual first point of call when she and The Joker are going through a rough patch. Ivy adopted the role of older sister and teller of harsh truths to Quinn about her helpless infatuation with The Joker. When Ivy demanded during "Harley and Ivy" (their meeting BTAS episode) that Quinn stand up for herself, Quinn said "I'm nobody's doormat — am I?" Ivy replied, "If you had a middle name, it would be 'Welcome'.
She frequently refers to the Joker as "puddin'" and "Mr. J," and she refers to Poison Ivy as "red" (a reference to her [[red hair]]).
A ''Harley Quinn'' ongoing series was published monthly by [[DC Comics]] for 38 issues from 2001 to 2003. Creators who contributed to the title included [[Karl Kesel]], [[Terry Dodson]], [[A.J. Leiberman]] and [[Mike Huddleston]]. The series ended with Harley turning herself in to Arkham. She was last seen in the DC Universe in the [[Villains United]] Infinite Crisis Special where she was one of the many villains who escaped from Arkham. She was, however, knocked out the moment she escaped.
In issue #16 of the ''[[Batman Adventures]]'' comic series, Harley was almost married to the Joker. When Ivy came to crash the wedding and tried to kill the Joker, she was stopped by [[Batgirl]]. At the very end of the comic, Harley vowed to kill Ivy no matter what, thus apparently ending their partnership (it should be noted, however, that the ''Batman Adventures'' comic book series, while continuing on from ''Batman: The Animated Series'', does not reflect [[canon (fiction)|canonical]] developments within the wider Batman/DC Comics universe).
Harley Quinn continues to appear in other DC comic books. She should not be confused with [[Harlequin (comics)|Harlequin]], a distinct ''[[Teen Titans]]'' character originally appearing in the seventies.
[[Image:Quinzel.png|thumb|right|170px|Harleen Quinzel as seen on ''[[Birds of Prey (television series)|Birds of Prey]]'', played by [[Mia Sara]].]]
==Other media==
In 2002, a live-action television series called ''[[Birds of Prey (television series)|Birds of Prey]]'', loosely based on the [[Birds of Prey (comics)|comic]] of the same name, included Harley Quinn as a psychotic psychiatrist and main villain. The character was portrayed by actress [[Mia Sara]], who replaced [[Sherilyn Fenn]] (originator of the role in an unaired [[pilot episode]].) The show aired only 13 episodes.
Harley [http://legionsofgotham.proboards70.com/index.cgi?action=display&board=bringonthebatman&thread=1145561297&page=2/ will appear] in a Season four episode of ''[[The Batman (TV series)|The Batman]]''.
==Trivia==
*Comic book fanatic and filmmaker [[Kevin Smith]] named his daughter Harley Quinn Smith after the character.[http://www.viewaskew.com/harley/]
*Arleen Sorkin, the voice of Harley Quinn, starred in a [[soap opera]] which included a dream sequence where she wore a jester costume. Dini used this scene as an inspiration for the character, writing her specifically so Sorkin could voice the character. Dini, who had been friends with Sorkin for years, adapted aspects of her personality into the character.
*In Harley Quinn's first appearance, in the episode "Joker's Favor," her sole purpose was to walk into a police banquet with a giant cake. She did not have her trademark costume on for most of the episode, dressing instead as a police officer in a mini skirt.
*According to the ''Batman: The Animated Series'' episode "Harlequinade," Harley is not a natural blonde.
*Harley and Poison Ivy both appeared in the ''[[Static Shock]]'' episode "Nails", a crossover episode with ''Batman: The Animated Series''
*At one time, [[Bizarro]] created a Bizarro-Harley Quinn after he had a crush on her.
==See also==
*[[Joker (comics)|The Joker]]
*[[Poison Ivy (comics)|Poison Ivy]]
*[[Catwoman]]
*[[Gotham Girls]]
==External links==
*[[DCDatabase:Harley Quinn|DCDP: Harley Quinn]] - Harley Quinn
*[http://dmoz.org/Arts/Comics/Titles/B/Batman/Harley_Quinn/ ''Harley Quinn''] on the [[Open Directory Project|Open Directory Project, ''DMoz'']] (mirrored on [[List of Google services and tools#Directory|Google Directory]] [http://directory.google.com/Top/Arts/Comics/Titles/B/Batman/Harley_Quinn/])
[[Category:Batman villains]]
[[Category:DC Animated characters]]
[[Category:DC Comics titles]]
[[Category:Fictional Americans in DC Comics]]
[[Category:Fictional characters with mental illness]]
[[Category:Fictional clowns]]
[[Category:Fictional psychiatrists]]
[[Category:Jewish comic book characters]]
[[Category:Sidekicks]]
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