Fair computational tree logic: Difference between revisions

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'''Fair computational tree logic''' is conventional [[computational tree logic]] studied with explicit fairness constraints.

==Weak fairness / justice==

This declares conditions such as all processes are executingexecute infinitely often. If you consider the processes to be P_i, then the condition becomes:

:<math>\bigwedge GFP_{i}</math>

==Strong fairness / compassion==

Here, if a process is requesting a resource infinitely often (R), it should be allowed to get the resource (C) infinitely often:

:<math>\bigwedge( GFR \longrightarrow GFC)</math>

==Model checking for fair CTL==

If you considerConsider a [[Kripke Model,model]] the fair Kripke Model has awith set of Statesstates ''F''. A path <math>\pi = sos_o, s1s_1 \dots</math> is considered a '''fair path''', if and

only if the path includes all members of ''F'' infinitely often. <br/>

Fair CTL [[model checking]] restricts the checks to only fair paths. There are two kinds: <br/>of fair quantifiers:

1. M_f,s_i |= A<math>\phi</math> if and only if <math>\phi</math> holds in ALL fair paths. <br/>

2. M_f,s_i |= E<math>\phi</math> if and only if <math>\phi</math> holds in one ore more fair paths. <br/>

:1. M_f, s_i |= A<math>\phi</math> if and only if <math>\phi</math> holds in ALL''all'' fair paths. <br/>

A fair state is one from which at least one fair path originates. The is translatable to, M_f,s |= EGtrue <br />

: 2. M_f, s_i |= E<math>\phi</math> if and only if <math>\phi</math> holds in ''one oreor more'' fair paths. <br/>

A '''fair state''' is one from which at least one fair path originates. TheThis is translatabletranslates to, M_f, s |= EGtrue <br />.

==SCC-based approach==

TheA [[strongly connected component]] (SCC) of a directed graph is a maximallymaximal strongly connected graph - allsubgraph—all the nodes are reachable from each other. A fair SCC is one that has an edge into at least one node for each of the fair conditions.

To check for fair EG for any formula,

# Compute what is called the ''denotation'' of the formula. Basically all''&phi;'': the set of states such that M, s |= formula''&phi;''.

# restrictRestrict the model to the denotation.

# Find the fair SCC.

# Obtain the union of all 3 (above).

# Compute the states that can reach the union.

==EmersionEmerson Lei algorithm==

The fix point characterization of Exist Globally is given by: [EGφ] = νZ&nu;Z .([φ] ∩ [EXZ ]) , which is basically the limit applied according to [[Kleene's theorem]]. To fair paths, it becomes [Ef Gφ] = νZ&nu;Z .([φ] ∩_{Fi ∈FT} [EX[E(Z U(Z ∧ Fi ))]), which means the formula holds in the current state and the next states and the next to next states until it meets all the members of the fair conditions. This means that, the condition is equivalent to a sort of accepting point where the accepting condition is the entire set of Fair conditions.

==References==

* {{cite journal | authorauthor1=Emerson, E. A. and |author2=Halpern, J. Y. |author2link = Joseph Halpern| title=Decision procedures and expressiveness in the temporal logic of branching time | journal=Journal of Computer and System Sciences| year=1985| volume=30 | issue=1 | pages=11–24 | doi=10.1016/0022-240000(85)90001-7| doi-access=free}}

* {{cite journal | authorauthor1=Clarke, E. M., |author1link = Edmund M. Clarke|author2=Emerson, E. A., and|author3= Sistla, A. P. |name-list-style=amp | title=Automatic verification of finite-state concurrent systems using temporal logic specifications | journal=ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems| year=1986| volume=8 | issue=2 | pages=244244–263 | doi=10.1145/5397.5399| s2cid=52853200 | doi-263access=free }}

[[Category:Logic in computer science]]

[[Category:ModalTemporal logic]]