Graphical identification and authentication: Difference between revisions

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{{refimprove|date=March 2017}}

The '''graphical identification and authentication (GINA)''' is a component of [[Windows NT 3.51]], [[Windows NT 4.0]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vulnerability Report For Microsoft Windows NT 4.0 Terminal Server GINA {{!}} CoreLabs Advisories |url=https://www.coresecurity.com/core-labs/advisories/vulnerability-report-for-microsoft-windows-nt-40-terminal |access-date=2022-11-08 |website=www.coresecurity.com}}</ref>, [[Windows 2000]], [[Windows XP]] and [[Windows Server 2003]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url = https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dn169014%28v=ws.10%29.aspx|title = Credentials Management in Windows Authentication|date = 11 April 2013|accessdate = |website = [[Microsoft TechNet|TechNet]]|publisher = [[Microsoft]]|last = |first = }}</ref> that provides secure authentication and interactive [[Logging (computer security)|logon]] services. GINA is a replaceable [[dynamically linked library]] that is loaded early in the boot process in the context of [[Winlogon]] when the machine is started. It is responsible for handling the [[secure attention key|secure attention sequence]], typically [[Control-Alt-Delete]], and interacting with the user when this sequence is received. GINA is also responsible for starting initial processes for a user (such as the [[Windows Shell]]) when they first log on.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web | url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows/win32/secauthn/winlogon-and-gina?redirectedfrom=MSDN | title=Winlogon and GINA | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001231514/http://msdn.microsoft.com:80/en-us/library/aa380543.aspx |title archive-date=2013-10-01 Winlogon and GINA|date url-status=live | accessdate = 4 December 2014 | website = [[MSDN]] |publisher = [[Microsoft]]|last = |first = }}</ref> GINA is discontinued in [[Windows Vista]].<ref name=":1" />

==Overview==

[[File:Xp windows security.png|thumb|250px|right|"Windows Security" dialog in Windows XP: GINA is responsible for bringing up this dialog when [[Ctrl+Alt+Delete]] key combination is pressed]]A default GINA library, MSGINA.DLL, is provided by Microsoft as part of the operating system, and offers the following features:

*Authentication against Windows [[Windows Server ___domain|___domain]] servers with a supplied user name/password combination.

*Displaying of a [[Legal Notice|legal notice]] to the user prior to presenting the logon prompt.

*Automatic Logon, allowing for a user name and password to be stored and used in place of an interactive logon prompt. Automatic logon can also be configured to execute only a certain number of times before reverting to interactive logon. In older versions of [[Windows NT]], the password could only be stored in plain text in the registry; support for using the [[Local Security Authority Subsystem Service|Local Security Authority's]] private storage capabilities was introduced in Windows NT 4.0 Workstation Service Pack 3 and Windows NT Server 3.51.

*"Security Options" dialog when the user is logged on, which provides options to shut down, log off, change the password, start the [[Windows Task Manager|Task Manager]], and lock the workstation.

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==External links==

*[{{cite web | url=https://learn.microsoft.com/en-gb/windows/win32/secauthn/winlogon-and-gina?redirectedfrom=MSDN | title=Winlogon and GINA | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001231514/http://msdn.microsoft.com:80/en-us/library/aa380543.aspx Winlogon| andarchive-date=2013-10-01 GINA],| url-status=live}} developerDeveloper information on how the login components interact

*[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163803.aspx Customizing GINA Part 1], Developer tutorial for writing a custom GINA.

*[http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc163786.aspx Customizing GINA Part 2], Developer tutorial for writing a custom GINA.