AD–IA model: Difference between revisions

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The '''Aggregateaggregate Demand-Inflationdemand–inflation Adjustmentadjustment model''' builds on the concepts of the [[IS/LMIS–LM model]] and the [[AD-ASAD–AS model]]s, essentially in terms of changing [[interest ratesrate]]s in response to fluctuations in [[inflation]] rather than as changes in the [[money supply]] in response to changes in the [[price level]].

== The model ==

The AD-IAAD–IA model is a [[Keynesian]] method used to explain economic fluctuations. Essentially, thisThis model is used to show undergraduate students how shifts in demand or shocks to prices can affect real GDP around potential. The model assumes that when inflation rises the interest rate rises (monetary policy rule). It also assumes that when real GDP exceeds potential, there is upward pressure on the inflation rate and vice versa.

The model features a downward-sloping demand curve (AD) and a horizontal inflation adjustment line (IA). The point where the two lines cross is equal to potential GDP. A shift in either curve will explain the impact on real GDP and inflation in the short run.

===Assumptions===

The AD-AIAD–IA model depends on the assumption of the monetary policy rule (MPR). The monetary policy rule is that the federal reserve increases interest rates in response to increase in [[inflation]] and vice versa.

===Shifts in demand===

===Shifts in demand===

A shift in demand can occur for the following reasons:

* A change in government spending

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* A change in the monetary rule

'''Example''': Suppose the government were to cut taxes. This would lead to an increase in expenditures and thus an increase in demand. The demand curve would therefore shift to the right and real GDP would be growing above potential. The inflation adjustment line would then shift upward (reflecting an increase in the inflation rate) causing a movement along the new demand curve until real GDP was equal to potential.

== More advanced ==

This model is further advanced in higher levels of undergraduate studies.

Economist [[David Romer]] proposed in the ''[[Journal of Economic Perspectives]]'' in 2000 that the LM curve be replaced in the [[IS-LMIS–LM]] model.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Romer |first=David |year=2000 |title=Keynesian Macroeconomics without the LM Curve |journal=[[Journal of Economic Perspectives]] |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=149–169 |doi=10.1257/jep.14.2.149 |url=http://elsawww.berkeleynber.edu/~dromerorg/papers/JEP_Spring00w7461.pdf |doi-access=free }}</ref> Instead, Romer suggested that although the Federal Reserve uses [[open market operationsoperation]]s to impact the federal funds rate, they are not targeting [[money supply]], but rather the [[interest rate]]. Therefore, he suggestssuggested removing the LM curve and replacing it with the MP curve of the [[IS/MP model|IS–MP model]].

==See also==

* [[Federal Reserve System]]

* [[IS-LMFederal Reserve]]

* [[IS/MPReal modelbusiness-cycle theory]]

* [[Monetary policy]]

* [[Real Business Cycle Theory]]

==References==

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* Short-Run Fluctuations, David Romer, August 1999. Revised January 2006. [Paper][http://elsa.berkeley.edu/~dromer/papers/text2006.pdf] [Figures][http://elsa.berkeley.edu/~dromer/papers/Figures_for_Web_1-2-06.pdf]

{{DEFAULTSORT:AD-IA model}}

[[Category:MacroeconomicsKeynesian economics]]

[[Category:Economics models]]