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[[Image:Stdstreams-notitle.svg|thumb|300px|The standard streams for input, output, and error]]
In [[computing]], '''redirection''' is a form of [[interprocess communication]], and is a function common to most [[command-line interpreter]]s, including the various [[Unix shell]]s that can redirect [[standard streams]] to user-specified locations. The concept of redirection is quite old, dating back to the earliest operating systems (OS).{{cn|date=April 2024}} A discussion of the design goals for redirection can be found already in the 1971 description of the [[input-output]] subsystem of the [[Multics]] OS.{{sfn | Feiertag | Organick | 1972 | p=}} However, prior to the introduction of [[UNIX]] OS with its "[[Pipeline (Unix)|pipes]]", redirection in operating systems was hard or even impossible to do.{{sfn | Kernighan | Morgan | 1982 | p=780 | loc=Input/output redirection}}
In [[Unix-like]] operating systems, programs do redirection with the {{mono|[[dup2]](2)}} [[system call]], or its less-flexible but higher-level [[Standard streams|stdio]] analogues, {{mono|[[freopen]](3)}} and {{mono|[[popen]](3)}}.<ref>[https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_mono/libc.html The GNU C Library Reference Manual for version 2.38] gnu.org</ref>
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== Sources ==
* {{cite journal | last=Feiertag | first=R. J. | last2=Organick | first2=E. I. | title=The Multics input/output system | journal=ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review | volume=6 | issue=1/2 | date=1972 | issn=0163-5980 | doi=10.1145/850614.850622 | pages=35–38}}
* {{cite journal | last=Kernighan | first=Brian W. | last2=Morgan | first2=Samuel P. | title=The UNIX Operating System: A Model for Software Design | journal=Science | publisher=American Association for the Advancement of Science | volume=215 | issue=4534 | year=1982 | eissn=00368075 | issn=10959203 | jstor=1687467 | pages=779–783 | url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/1687467 | access-date=2024-04-25}}
==External links==
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