Distributed block storage: Difference between revisions

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'''Distributed{{Short block storage''' is a [[computerdescription|Computer data storage]] architecture that the data is stored in volumes (known as blocks:<ref>}}

[[Gerrit Anne Blaauw|Blaauw]], Gerrit Anne; [[Frederick Phillips Brooks, Jr.|Brooks, Jr., Frederick Phillips]]; [[Werner Buchholz|Buchholz, Werner]] (1962), "[http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/IBM/Stretch/pdfs/Buchholz_102636426.pdf 4: Natural Data Units]" (PDF), in [[Werner Buchholz|Buchholz, Werner]] (ed.), Planning a Computer System – Project Stretch, [[McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.|McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc]]. / The Maple Press Company, York, PA., pp. 39–40, LCCN [https://lccn.loc.gov/61-10466 61-10466], [https://web.archive.org/web/20170403014651/http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/IBM/Stretch/pdfs/Buchholz_102636426.pdf archived] (PDF) from the original on 2017-04-03, retrieved 2017-04-03, […] Terms used here to describe the structure imposed by the machine design, in addition to [[bit]], are listed below.

'''Distributed block storage''' is a [[computer data storage]] architecture that the data is stored in volumes (known as blocks, a term dating back to [[IBM 7030 Stretch|Project Stretch]]<ref>

[[Byte]] denotes a group of bits used to encode a [[Character_(computing)|character]], or the number of bits transmitted in parallel to and from input-output units. A term other than character is used here because a given character may be represented in different applications by more than one code, and different codes may use different numbers of bits (i.e., different byte sizes). In input-output transmission the grouping of bits may be completely arbitrary and have no relation to actual characters. (The term is coined from bite, but respelled to avoid accidental mutation to bit.)

[[Gerrit Anne Blaauw|Blaauw]], Gerrit Anne; [[Frederick Phillips Brooks, Jr.|Brooks, Jr., Frederick Phillips]]; [[Werner Buchholz|Buchholz, Werner]] (1962), "[http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/IBM/Stretch/pdfs/Buchholz_102636426.pdf 4: Natural Data Units]" (PDF), in [[Werner Buchholz|Buchholz, Werner]] (ed.), Planning a Computer System – Project Stretch, [[McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.|McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc]]. / The Maple Press Company, York, PA., pp. 39–40, LCCN [https://lccn.loc.gov/61-10466 61-10466], [https://web.archive.org/web/20170403014651/http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/IBM/Stretch/pdfs/Buchholz_102636426.pdf archived] (PDF) from the original on 2017-04-03, retrieved 2017-04-03, […]Quote: Terms"Block usedrefers hereto the number of words transmitted to describeor thefrom structurean imposedinput-output unit in response to a single input-output instruction. Block size is a structural property of an input-output unit; it may have been fixed by the machine design, inor additionleft to [[bit]],be arevaried listedby the belowprogram.

A [[Word_(computer_architecture)|word]] consists of the number of data bits transmitted in parallel from or to memory in one memory cycle. [[Word size]] is thus defined as a structural property of the memory. (The term [[Catena_(unit)|catena]] was coined for this purpose by the designers of the [[Groupe_Bull|Bull]] [[Bull_Gamma_60|GAMMA 60]] [fr] computer.)

Block refers to the number of words transmitted to or from an input-output unit in response to a single input-output instruction. Block size is a structural property of an input-output unit; it may have been fixed by the design or left to be varied by the program.

</ref>) across multiple physical servers, as opposed to other storage architectures like file systems which manages data as a file hierarchy, and object storage which manages data as objects. A common distributed block storage system is a [[Storage area network|Storage Area Network]] (SAN).

== Distributed storage ==

{{Main|Clustered file system}}

Distributed storage, as opposed to centralized storage, typically takes the form of a cluster of storage units, with a mechanism for data synchronization and coordination between cluster nodes. Distributed storage has several advantages.<ref>

[https://cloudian.com/guides/data-backup/distributed-storage/ Distributed Storage: What’s Inside Amazon S3?] cloudian

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== Block storage ==

{{Main|Block (data storage)}}

Block storage decouples data from the user’suser's environment and allows the data to be spread across multiple environments.<ref>

[https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/block-storage What is Block Storage?] IBM

</ref> The storage is organized as blocks with unique identifiers by which they may be stored and retrieved as individual hard drives, and operating systems can connect to. It is an efficient and reliable way to store, use and manage data. The block storage can almost be used for any kinds of application, including but not limited to database storage and virtualization platform storage.

Storage blocks are generally accessed by [[iSCSI]], [[Fibre Channel]] or [[Fibre Channel over Ethernet]] (FCoE) protocols. Block storage provides high performance for mission-critical applications and can provide high I/O performance and low latency. it is commonly used in [[Storage_area_networkStorage area network|Storage Area Network]] environments in place of file storage.

==References==

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[[Category:Computer data storage]]

[[Category:Distributed data storage]]