Haverah Park experiment and List of medieval weapons: Difference between pages

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'''Medieval weapons''' varied from simple tools to complex engines of emerging [[medieval warfare]] technology.

The '''Haverah Park experiment''' was a [[cosmic ray]] [[air shower (physics)|air shower]] detection array consisting of water [[Cherenkov detector]]s distributed over an area of 12km² on Haverah Park in [[North Yorkshire Moors]], [[UK]].

* [[Blade]]

The experiment was operated by [[University of Leeds]] for 20 years until 1987 when it was switched off.

** [[Axe]]

*** [[Battle Axe]]

*** [[Danish axe]]

*** [[Doloire]]

*** [[Mattock]] (improvised)

** [[Dagger]] or [[Knife]]

*** [[Baselard]]

*** [[Cinquedea]]

*** [[Dirk]]

*** [[Ear Dagger]]

*** [[Grosses messer]]

*** [[Machete]]

*** [[Mercygiver]]

*** [[Poniard]]

*** [[rondel (dagger)|Rondel]]

*** [[Scramasax]]

*** [[Stiletto]]

*** [[Sword breaker]]

** [[Sword]]

*** [[Bastard Sword]] (often used in fiction)

*** [[Broadsword]]

*** [[Claymore]]

*** [[Cutlass]] (a little dubious)

*** [[Falchion]]

*** [[Flamberge]]

*** [[Foil (fencing)]]

*** [[Longsword]]

*** [[Rapier]]

*** [[Sabre]]

*** [[Spatha]]

*** [[Shortsword]]

*** [[Two-handed sword]]

* Blunt weapons

Air showers of secondary particles generated from a primary cosmic ray hitting the [[Earth's atmosphere]] are spread over many kilometers when they hit the ground. An array allows for detecton of secondary particles caused by a single cosmic ray at several detectors. The geographic spread of the detectors allows for calculation of the following:

** [[Club_(weapon)|Club]]

** [[Flail (weapon)|Flail]]

** [[Mace]]

*** [[Flanged mace]]

** [[Maul]]

** [[Morning star_(weapon)|Morning star]]

** [[Quarterstaff]]

** [[War hammer]]

*** [[Bec de Corbin]]

*** [[Horseman's pick]]

==[[Spears]] and other [[Pole weapon|Polearms]] (axes not included)==

*The total number of particles detected can be used to estimate the number of particles in the air shower and from the model of the energy required to generate those particles, the energy of the primary cosmic ray.

* [[Ahlspiess]]

** [[Candeliere]]

** [[Breach pike]]

* [[Bardiche]]

* [[Bill (weapon)|Billhook]]

* [[Boar spear]]

* [[Fauchard]]

* [[Footman's lance]]

* [[Glaive]]

* [[Guisarme]]

* [[Halberd]]

* [[Lance]]

* [[Man catcher]]

* [[Military fork]]

* [[Partisan (weapon)|Partisan]]

* [[Pike (weapon)|Pike]]

* [[Plançon a picot]]

* [[Ranseur]]

* [[Spetum]]

* [[Swordstaff]]

* [[Voulge]]

* [[War-scythe]]

==Ranged==

*The difference in the time of arrival of recorded particles at mutliple detectors can be used to estimate the arrival direction of the primary cosmic ray.

* [[Bombard (weapon)]]

* [[Bow (weapon)|Bow]]

** [[Longbow]]

*** [[English longbow]]

** [[Short bow]]

* [[Culverin]]

* [[Crossbow]]

** [[Arbalest]]

* [[Francisca]]

* [[Mangonel]]

* [[Sling (weapon)|Sling]]

==Static==

During its operation many thousands of cosmic ray events were recorded including four exceptional events with energies over 10²⁰[[electronvolt|eV]]. These results were somewhat controversial because they are beyond the '[[GZK limit]]'. Such particles were since observed by other experiments, such as [[Fly's Eye]] ([[Oh-My-God particle]]) and [[AGASA]].

*[[Caltrops]]

==Siege==

The water Cherenkov detector array is one of two cosmic ray detection systems used by the currently operating [[Pierre Auger Observatory]].

* [[Battering ram]]

* [[Ballista]]

* [[Catapult]]

* [[Greek fire]]

* [[Petard]]

* [[Siege hook]]

* [[Siege tower]]

* [[Trebuchet]]

==External linksWarships==

* [[Galleon]]

* [[Galley]]

* [[Longship]]

==[[Armor]]==

*[http://www.ast.leeds.ac.uk/haverah/havpark.shtml Haverah Park, Astrophysics group, University of Leeds]

While armor is not technically a weapon, its development was both driven by weapon technology and a driving force for that same technology in return.

* [[Chainmail]]

[[Category:High energy particle telescopes]]

* [[Gauntlet (gloves)|Gauntlet]]

* [[Shield]]

* [[Plate armour]]

* [[Scale armour]]

==Fortification==

[[Medieval fortification]]s also developed in connection with the weapons that opposed them.

* [[Battlement]]

* [[Castle]]

* [[City wall]]

* [[Gate]]

* [[Moat]]

* [[Drawbridge]]

* [[Portcullis]]

==See also==

[[Military technology and equipment]]

[[Category:Lists of weapons|Medieval weapons, list]]

[[Category:Medieval weapons]]

[[da:Middelaldervåben]]

[[ru:Средневековое оружие]]

[[sr:Списак оружја у средњем веку]]

[[hr:Popis srednjovjekovnog oružja]]

[[sh:Spisak oružja u srednjem veku]]