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{{Short description|Model representing the average Earth properties as a function of planetary radius}}
 
[[File:EarthGravityPREM.jpg|thumb|Earth's Gravity according to PREM. Green curves show hypothetical Earths with density constant (dashed) and decreasing linearly from center to surface (stippled)|300x300px]]
 
The '''preliminary reference Earth model''' ('''PREM''') is a one-dimensional [[Scientific modelling|model]] representingplots the average of [[Earth]]'s properties as a function of planetaryby radiusdepth.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dziewonski|first1=Adam M.|date=June 1981 |title=Preliminary reference Earth model |journal=Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=297–356 |url=https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~lzeng/papers/PREM.pdf|doi=10.1016/0031-9201(81)90046-7 |last2=Anderson |first2=Don L. |bibcode=1981PEPI...25..297D}}</ref> It includes a table of Earth properties, including [[elasticity (physics)|elastic]] properties, [[Anelastic attenuation factor|attenuation]], [[density]], [[pressure]], and [[Gravity of Earth|gravity]], as a function of planetary radius.
 
PREM has been widely used as the basis for [[seismic tomography]] and related global [[geophysics|geophysical]] models.<ref>{{cite book|lastlast1=Dziewonski |firstfirst1=A. M. |last2=Romanowicz |first2=B.A. |title=1.01 - Overview|journal= Treatise on Geophysics |editor-first=Gerald |editor-last=Schubert |date=2007 |pages=1–29 |isbn=9780444527486 |doi=10.1016/B978-044452748-6.00001-8|bibcode=2007sse..book....1D }}</ref> It incorporates [[Anelasticity|anelastic]] dispersion and [[seismic anisotropy|anisotropy]] and therefore it is frequency-dependent and transversely [[Isotropy|isotropic]] for the [[upper mantle (Earth)|upper mantle]].
 
PREM was developed by [[Adam Dziewonski|Adam M. Dziewonski]] and [[Don L. Anderson]] in response to guidelines of a "Standard Earth Model Committee" of the [[International Association of Geodesy]] (IAG) and the [[International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth’s Interior|International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior]] (IASPEI) Other Earth reference models include iasp91<ref>{{Cite book|title=IASPEI 1991 Seismological Tables|last=Kennett|first=B.L.N.|publisher=Bibliotech|year=1991|___location=Canberra, Australia}}</ref> and ak135.<ref>{{Cite journal|lastlast1=Kennett|firstfirst1=B. L. N. |last2=Engdahl |first2=E. R. |last3=Buland |first3=R. |date=1995-07-01 |title=Constraints on seismic velocities in the Earth from traveltimes |journal=Geophysical Journal International |volume=122 |issue=1 |pages=108–124 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb03540.x |issn=1365-246X |bibcode=1995GeoJI.122..108K|doi-access=free }}</ref>
 
==References==
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