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For [[group decision-making]], the '''hierarchical decision process''' ('''HDP''') refines the classical [[analytic hierarchy process]] (AHP) a step further in eliciting and evaluating subjective judgements. These improvements, proposed initially by Dr. Jang Ra (a student of Dr. [[Thomas L. Saaty]] who developed and refined AHP) include the constant-sum measurement scale (1–99 scale) for comparing two elements, the logarithmic [[least squares method]] (LLSM) for computing normalized values, the sum of inverse column sums (SICS) for measuring the degree of (in)consistency, and sensitivity analysis of pairwise comparisons [[Matrix (mathematics)|matrices]]. These subtle modifications address issues concerning normal AHP consistency and applicability in the process of constructing hierarchies: generating criteria, classifying/selecting criteria, and screening/selecting decision alternatives.<ref>''[https://web.archive.org/web/20080324181729/http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentCon.jsp?punumber=586 Technology Management: the New International Language]'', 27–31 Oct 1991, pp.&nbsp;595–599, {{ISBN|0-7803-0161-7}}.</ref>
 
==References==
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[[Category:Group decision-making]]