Citizen Weather Observer Program: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Network of weather stations based in the United States}}

[[File:CWOP station EW0093.jpg|thumb|A CWOP home weather station]]

{{refimprove|date=April 2014}}

The '''Citizen Weather Observer Program''' ('''CWOP''') is a network of privately owned electronic weather stations in the [[United States]]. Network participation allows volunteers with computerized [[weather station]]s to send automated weather observations to the [[National Weather Service]] by way of the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS). This data is then used by the [[Rapid Refresh]] (RAP) forecast model to produce short term forecasts (3 to 12 hours into the future) of conditions across the [[Continental United States|United States' lower 48 states]]. Observations are also re-distributed to the public.

[[File:2013-06-21 12 55 57 Citizen Weather Observer Program station EW0093 in Elko Nevada.jpg|thumb|A CWOP home weather station. The mast supports a [[Weather vane|wind vane]] and [[anemometer]], while the rain gauge and other sensors are installed near ground level.]]

The '''Citizen Weather Observer Program''' ('''CWOP''') is a network of privately owned electronic [[weather stationsstation]]s concentrated in the [[United States]]. but also located in over 150 countries. Network participation allows volunteers with computerized [[weather station]]sstations to send automated surface weather observations to the [[National Weather Service]] (NWS) by way of the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System (MADIS). This data is then used by the [[Rapid Refresh]] (RAP) and other forecast modelmodels to produce short term forecasts (3 to 12 hours into the future) of conditions across the [[Continental United States|United States' lower 48 states]]. Observations are also re-distributedredistributed to the public.

==Origin==

The CWOP was originally set up by [[amateur radio]] operators experimenting with [[packet radio]], but now includes a majority of Internet-only connected stations., as well as amateur radio [[Automatic Packet Reporting System]] (APRS) stations. {{As of|October December 20122017}}, more than 813,000 stations worldwide report regularly to the network.<ref>Citizens Weather Observing Program. [http://www.wxqa.com/checkservers2.html Hourly Number of WX Stations sending data to CWOP servers.] Retrieved on 20122017-1210-0918.</ref>

==Description==

The Citizen Weather Observer Program is a program to collect [[surface weather observation]]s from thousands of privately operated weather stations, into the [http://www.findu.com FindU] database, and forward it to the Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System ([http://madis.noaa.gov/ MADIS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312040823/http://madis.noaa.gov/ |date=2009-03-12 }}), operated by the [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] (NOAA).<ref>David Helms. [http://mywebpages.comcast.net/dshelms/cwop.html Citizen Weather Observer Program (CWOP) Information.] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20021205032930/http://mywebpages.comcast.net/dshelms/cwop.html |date=2002-12-05 }} Retrieved on 2008-01-12.</ref>

===FindU===

The FindU database is a set of privately operated Internet servers, run by Steve Dimse, (amateur radio callsign k4hgK4HG). Numerous IGates (Internet Gateways) receive broadcast amateur radio [[Automatic PositionPacket Reporting System]] (APRS) packets containing position and short messages (including telemetry such weather observations), and forward the data to the FindU servers via [http://www.aprs-is.net/ APRS-IS] on the Internet. Weather observations may be polled directly from FindU, and the data is forwarded to MADIS for ingest. APRS messages may also originate directly from computers on the Internet without being broadcast on the radio waves.

===MADIS===

The Meteorological Assimilation Data Ingest System ([http://madis.noaa.gov/ MADIS] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090312040823/http://madis.noaa.gov/ |date=2009-03-12 }}) integrates weather observations from numerous different sources, including CWOP via FindU, and drives a number of different [[weather forecasting]] products. Incoming data are subjected to temporal and spatial consistency checks, and quality flags are stored with the data, to enable users to access the most trustworthy data possible. From MADIS, CWOP data is also re-distributed to other users such as [[Mesowest]].

===Ease of sending data===

The amateur radio connection makes it inexpensive and simple for an individual to install consumer-level weather sensors at a point of interest, connect them to a radio transmitter via a simple APRS modem, and start sharing weather reports with forecasters worldwide. Solar power and radio transmission makes it possible to drop completely self-contained weather sensors on unattended and un-wiredwireless sites, allowing for a dense set of sample measurements to be collected.

== OtherSee weather networksalso ==

* [[Mesonet]]

Another weather data aggregation network is the [[Weather Underground (weather service)|Weather Underground]] personal weather station network. Many [[Personal weather station | personal stations]] submit data to both systems; however, separate alphanumeric designators are assigned to the same weather station by each network.

* [[Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow Network]] (CoCoRaHS)

* [[Cooperative Observer]] Program

* [[Significant Weather Observing Program]] (SWOP)

* [[Skywarn]]

* [[Safecast (organization)|Safecast]]

== References ==

{{reflist|2}}

==External links==

{{commonscat}}

* [http://www.wxqa.com/ Citizen Weather Observer Program]

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070429003915/http://web.usna.navy.mil/~bruninga/index.html APRS] links and information, after Bob Bruninga, WB4APR

* [http://www.findu.com/citizenweather/citizenweather.html APRSWXNET] Information page about APRS weather reporting by Steve Dimse

* CWOP [http://wxqa.com/aprswxnetqc.html quality control] description by Russ Chadwick

* CWOP [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929044833/http://info.aprs.net/index.php?title=Weather wiki] by Russ Chadwick

* Sample FindU weather report, from [http://www.findu.com/cgi-bin/wxpage.cgi?call=KG6PPDW0CHP-913 KG6PPDW0CHP-913] onin Tamarack MountainWinona, near Bear Valley, CA, or KG6PPD-9 [http://tamarackmountain.com/TamarackMountain/Weather/Index.pl?station=KG6PPD-9 website].Minnesota

* [http://www.wedaal.de WEDAAL] ('''W'''etter'''DA'''ten'''A'''us'''L'''ese) - similar program to CWOP in Germany collecting weather data

* [http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?op_0=eq&v_0=NOAA%20Research-Citizen%20Weather%20Observer%20Program&op_1=l&t=400239&s=51&d=307&d=305&d=301&d=303&d=416&d=304&d=302&d=308&no_data=suppress&sourceId=101717 CWOP on NOSA]

{{Earth-based meteorological observation}}