Conceptual dependency theory: Difference between revisions

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[[Roger Schank]] at [[Stanford University]] introduced the model in 1969, in the early days of artificial intelligence.<ref>[[Roger Schank]], 1969, ''A conceptual dependency parser for natural language'' Proceedings of the 1969 conference on Computational linguistics, Sång-Säby, Sweden pages 1-3</ref> This model was extensively used by Schank's students at [[Yale University]] such as [[Robert Wilensky]], Wendy Lehnert, and [[Janet Kolodner]].

Schank developed the model to represent knowledge for natural language input into computers. Partly influenced by the work of [[Sydney Lamb]], his goal was to make the meaning independent of the words used in the input, i.e. two sentences identical in meaning, would have a single representation. The system was also intended to draw logical inferences.<ref>Cardiff University on Conceptual dependency theory [http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/Dave/AI2/node69.html]</ref>

The model uses the following basic representational tokens:<ref>''Language, mind, and brain'' by Thomas W. Simon, Robert J. Scholes 1982 {{ISBN|0-89859-153-8}} page 105</ref>

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A set of ''conceptual transitions'' then act on this representation, e.g. an ATRANS is used to represent a transfer such as "give" or "take" while a PTRANS is used to act on locations such as "move" or "go". An MTRANS represents mental acts such as "tell", etc.

A sentence such as "John gave a book to Mary" is then represented as the action of an ATRANS on two real world objects, John and Mary.

{| class="wikitable"

!DESCRIPTION

!ACTION

!EXAMPLE

|-

|Transfer of abstract relationship

|ATRANS

|give

|-

|Transfer of the physical ___location of the object

|PTRANS

|go

|-

|Application of physical force to an object

|PROPEL

|push

|-

|Grasping of an object by an actor

|GRASP

|clutch

|-

|Movement of a body part by its owner

|MOVE

|kick

|}

==See also==

* [[Augmented transition network]]

* [[Conceptual space]]

* [[Scripts (artificial intelligence)]]

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[[Category:Natural language parsing]]

[[Category:History of artificial intelligence]]

[[Category:Semantic relations]]