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| website = {{Official website|https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP2030.html}} ''IBM Archives''
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The '''IBM System/360 Model 30''' was a low-end
==History==
The Model 30 was a popular [[IBM mainframe]] which was announced in 1964 as the least powerful of the [[IBM System/360|System/360]]s.<ref group=NB>The less powerful [[IBM System/360 Model 20|Model 20]], offered only partial compatibility with the rest of the System/360 line.</ref> The System/360 series was the first line of computers in the world to allow machine language programs to be written that could be used across a broad range of compatible machines of different sizes. It was the smallest model that had the full [[System/360]] instruction set (unlike the [[IBM System/360 Model 20|Model 20]]) and served as a stand-alone system, communications system or as a satellite processor of a larger system.<ref name="ibm-archives">{{cite web|title=IBM Archives: System/360 Model 30|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP2030.html|website=IBM|date=23 January 2003
The first delivery of the 360/30 was in June 1965 to [[McDonnell Aircraft]].<ref name=ibmbook>{{cite book|last1=Pugh|first1=Emerson W.|last2=Johnson|first2=Lyle R.|last3=Palmer|first3=John H.|title=IBM's 360 and early 370 systems|url=https://archive.org/details/ibms360early370s0000pugh|url-access=registration|date=1991|publisher=MIT Press|___location=Cambridge, Mass.|isbn=9780262161237}}</ref>
Along with the [[IBM System/360 Model 40|360/40]], these were the two largest revenue producing [[IBM System/360#
==Models==
[[File:IBM System 360 model 30 profile.agr.jpg|thumb|closeup (profile) of 360/30 Console]]
Four models<ref group='NB'>Lower case "M"</ref> of the 360/30 were initially offered.<ref name="mod30-func-char">{{cite book|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/GA24-3231-7_360-30_funcChar.pdf|title=IBM System/360 Model 30 Functional Characteristics|id=GA24-3231-7|date=August 1971}}</ref> They vary by the amount of [[Magnetic-core memory|core memory]] with which the system was offered. The C30, D30, E30 and F30 were respectively configured with 8K, 16K, 32K and 64K of core memory.<ref name="mod30-func-char"/>{{rp|Fig.5, p.9}}
It was little publicized that there were two versions of the Model 30,<ref name="mod30-func-char"/>{{rp|pp.2,8,9}} known (on the rare occasions when they were distinguished at all) as the 30-1 and the 30-2. The original 30-1 had a 2.0 microsecond storage cycle. Later, after the first 1000 30-1 were shipped,<ref name= ibmbook/> it was replaced by the 1.5-microsecond 30-2, although the 30-1 was silently retained in the sales catalog. The two were cosmetically different; the 30-1 looked like other System/360 models, with indicator lamps exposed on the front panel and labeled, but the 30-2 took a retrograde design step, putting the lights behind a stencil, as they had been on pre-360 machines like the [[IBM 1401]].
The (faster) 30-2 had an additional model, DC30, with 24K of memory.<ref name="mod30-func-char"/>{{rp|Fig.4, p.9}}
The 7th edition of IBM System/360 Basic Operating System Programmer's Guide, dated September 1967, lists first among ''major changes'' support for "an intermediate storage size (24K) for System/360 Model 30."<ref name="BOS_ProGuide">{{cite book|url=http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/360/bos_bps/C24-3372-6_BOSpgmr_Sep67.pdf|title=IBM System/360 Basic Operating System Programmer's Guide|id=C24-3372-6|date=September 1967|publisher=IBM}}</ref>
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==Microcode==
The Model 30 [[CPU]] used an 8-bit [[microarchitecture]] with only a few [[hardware register]]s; everything that the programmer saw was
[[Emulator|emulated]] by the [[microprogram]].<ref name="30theory">{{cite book|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/fe/2030/Y24-3360-1_2030_FE_Theory_Opns_Jun67.pdf|title=Field Engineering Theory of Operation, 2030 Processing Unit, System/360 Model 30|id=Y24-3360-1|edition=Fifth|date=June 1967|publisher=IBM}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/fe/2030/Model_30_Microprogramming_Lang.pdf|title=Model 30 Microprogramming Language|publisher=IBM}}</ref> Handling a 4-byte word took (at least) 6 microseconds, based on a 1.5 microsecond storage access cycle time.<ref name="30theory"/>{{rp|pg.1–4}}
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! colspan="2" | A typical, early, basic Model 30 system had the following configuration:<ref>{{cite book|url=http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/operatingGuide/C20-1635-2_Model_40_Operating_Techniques.pdf|title=IBM System/360 Model 40 Operating Techniques|id=C20-1635-2|publisher=IBM}}</ref>
|-
| style="vertical-align: top;" |Model 30 processor ||IBM 2030 Central Processing Unit<br>*32 KB storage<br>*storage protection feature<br>*standard instruction set<br>*decimal instruction set<ref group=NB>Optional floating-point instruction set was also available</ref><br>*one multiplexor channel<br>*one selector channel<br>*interval timer
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|Operator console ||[[IBM 1052]] Typewriter-Keyboard (usually assigned to 01F hexadecimal address)
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[[File:IBM 360-30.jpg|thumb|210x210px|IBM 360 Model 30 front panel closeup]]
To keep costs down, CPU features such as the interval timer and storage-protection feature were optional.
==System software==
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The minimum memory needed to run DOS or TOS was 16 KB.
TOS [[TOS/360|(Tape Operating System)]], as the name suggests, required a tape drive but no disk. It shared most of the code base<ref name=40Y.mem>{{cite newsgroup|url=https://groups.google.com/d/msg/alt.folklore.computers/RZA6FD27Tc0/-LoIXsOee7gJ|title=DOS/360: Forty years|author=Joe Morris|newsgroup=alt.folklore.computer|date=April 25, 2005|quote=Don't forget TOS, the bastard cousin of DOS. Either could be generated from the same set of distribution libraries...}}</ref> and some manuals<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/dos/GC24-5030-8_Disk_and_Tape_Operating_Systems_Concepts_and_Facilities_Oct70.pdf|title=IBM System/360 Disk and Tape Operating Systems Concepts and Facilities|date=October 1970|id=GC2ij-5030-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/dos/GC24-3465-8_DOS_and_TOS_Utility_Programs_R26.1_Aug73.pdf|title=DOS and TOS Utility Programs|date=August 1973|id=GC24-3465-8}}</ref> with IBM's DOS/360 and went through 14 releases. TOS was discontinued<ref>{{cite mailing list|url=https://www.mail-archive.com/ibmvm@listserv.uark.edu/msg24371.html|author=Anne and Lynn Wheeler|title=Re: IBM 1401|date=May 28, 2009|mailing-list=ibmvm@listserv.uark.edu}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=January 2020}} when disk drives became more affordable.<ref>Computerworld, Sept. 5, 1977, p.40 - quotes an IBM task force report that referred to "price alone rather than by price/performance."</ref>
DOS [[DOS/360|(Disk Operating System)]] was a popular choice for the
==Programming languages==
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