Open systems architecture: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|System design objective}}

{{Cleanup|date=November 2005}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2020}}

'''Open systems architecture''' is a system design approach which aims to produce [[system]]s that are inherently interoperable and connectable without recourse to retrofit and redesign.{{Sfnp|Sage|1992|p=168}}

In [[telecommunication]], the term '''open systems architecture''' means the layered hierarchical structure, [[computer configuration|configuration]], or model of a [[information transfer|communications]] or distributed [[data processing]] [[system]] that (a) enables system description, design, development, installation, [[operation]], improvement, and [[repair and maintenance|maintenance]] to be performed at a given [[layer]] or layers in the hierarchical structure, (b) allows each layer to provide a [[set]] of accessible functions that can be controlled and used by the functions in the layer above it, (c) enables each layer to be implemented without affecting the implementation of other layers, and (d) allows the alteration of system performance by the modification of one or more layers without altering the existing equipment, procedures, and protocols at the remaining layers.

==Concept==

Examples of independent alterations include (a) converting from wire to optical fibers at a [[physical layer]] without affecting the data-link layer or the network layer except to provide more [[traffic capacity]], and (b) altering the operational protocols at the [[telecommunications network|network]] level without altering the physical layer.

[[Systems design]] is a process of defining and engineering the architecture, methods, and interfaces necessary to accomplish a goal or fulfill a set of requirements. In open systems architecture, the design includes intentional provisions to make it possible to expand or modify the system at a later stage after initial operation. There is no one specific universal OSA, but it is essential the specific OSA applicable to a system is rigorously defined and documented.{{Sfnp|Sage|1992|pp=168–169}} For example, in information technology and telecommunication, such design principles lead to [[open system (computing)|open systems]].

==Telecommunications==

Open systems architecture may be implemented using the [[Open Systems Interconnection--Reference Model]] (OSI--RM) as a guide while designing the [[system]] to meet performance requirements.

In [[telecommunicationtelecommunications]], the term '''open systems architecture''' means(OSA) is a standard that describes the layered hierarchical structure, [[computer configuration|configuration]], or model of a [[information transfer|communications]] or distributed [[data processing]] [[system]]. that (a)It enables system description, design, development, installation, [[operation]], improvement, and [[repair and maintenance|maintenance]] to be performed at a giventhe [[abstraction layer]] or layerss in the hierarchical structure,. (b) allows eachEach layer to provideprovides a [[set]] of accessible functions that can be controlled and used by the functions in the layer above it,. (c) enables eachEach layer tocan be implemented without affecting the implementation of other layers,. and (d) allows theThe alteration of system performance by the modification of one or more layers may be accomplished without altering the existing equipment, procedures, and protocols at the remaining layers.{{Sfnp|General Services Administration|1991}}

Examples of independent alterations include (a)the convertingconversion from wire to optical fibersfiber at a [[physical layer]] without affecting the [[data- link layer]] or the [[network layer]], except to provide more [[throughput|traffic capacity]], and (b)the altering of the operational protocols at the [[telecommunications network|network]] level without altering the physical layer.{{Sfnp|General Services Administration|1991}}

[[Category:Computer and telecommunication standards]]

== See also ==

*[[Hardware Open Systems Technologies]]

*[[Architecture of Interoperable Information Systems]]

*[[Architectural pattern]]

*[[Enterprise architecture]]

*[[OSI model]]

*[[Open-system environment reference model]]

==References==

{{Reflist}}

===Sources===

* {{Cite web|author=General Services Administration|date=1991|title=Federal Standard 1037C

|url=https://www.its.bldrdoc.gov/fs-1037/fs-1037c.htm|website=Institute for Communication Science}}

* {{Cite report|last1=Guertin|first1=Nickolas|last2=Hurt|first2=Thomas|date=1 October 2013

|title=DTIC ADA608725: DoD Open Systems Architecture Contract Guidebook for Program Managers: A Tool for Effective Competition

|publisher=Defense Technical Information Center|url=https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA608725}}

* {{Cite book|last=Sage|first=Andrew P.|date=1992|title=Systems Engineering

|publisher=Wiley-interscience|___location=New York|isbn=0471536393|oclc=473169047}}

{{FS1037C}}

[[Category:Computer and telecommunicationTelecommunications standards]]

[[Category:Systems architecture]]