2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Second of four Imperial Japanese Naval Expansion plans}}

The {{nihongo|'''2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme'''|マル2計画, 第二次補充計画|Maru 2 Keikaku, Dai-Ni-Ji Hojū Keikaku}} is one of the armaments expansion plan of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] (IJN).

[[File:Japanese heavy cruiser Chikuma.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Construction of the cruiser {{ship|Japanese cruiser|Tone|1937|2}} was authorized under the "Circle-2 Plan"]]

The {{nihongo|'''2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme'''|マル2計画, 第二次補充計画|Maru 2 Keikaku, Dai-Ni-Ji Hojū Keikaku}} is oneotherwise ofknown as the armaments"Circle Two" Plan was the second of four expansion planplans of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] (IJN).between 1930 and the start of [[World War II]].

==Background==

The [[London Naval Treaty]] placed severe restrictions on Japan's naval capabilities vis-a-vis the [[United States Navy]] and the British [[Royal Navy]] in terms of tonnage and numbers of [[capital ship|capital warships]]. The response of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff]] was to initiate a construction program to build new warships to the allotted tonnage limits in each of the restricted categories, and to invest in types of warships and weaponry not specifically covered by the provisions of the treaty.<ref>Evans, ''Kaigun''. pp. 238–239</ref>

In 1934, the IJN drafted the second plan to utilize a rule in [[London Naval Treaty]] to the maximum. The IJN made 48 warships and 8 Naval Air Groups by 0.5 billion JPY in a plan.

The "Circle One" plan was submitted by the [[Ministry of the Navy of Japan|Naval Ministry]] and approved by the [[Cabinet of Japan|Cabinet]] in November 1930, and officially ratified by the [[Diet of Japan]] in 1931. It called for the construction of 39 new combat vessels, centering on four of the new {{Sclass|Mogami|cruiser}}s, and expansion of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service]] to 14 Naval Air Groups. However, plans for a second expansion budget were delayed by the [[Tomozuru Incident|''Tomozuru'' Incident]] and [[IJN 4th Fleet Incident]], when it was revealed that the basic designs of many Japanese warships were flawed due to poor construction techniques and instability caused by attempting to mount too much weaponry on too small a displacement hull. As a result, most of the naval budget in 1932–1933 was absorbed in modifications to rectify issues with existing equipment.

In 1934, the Naval Ministry submitted its second expansion plan to the Cabinet and Diet for approval. This plan was a multiyear (four year) budget, covering the construction of 48 new warships and creation of eight new Naval Air Groups. A total of 431,680,800 [[Yen]] was allotted for warship construction and 33,000,000 Yen for [[naval aviation]].

==Table of vessels==

{| class="wikitable" width="90%"

|! width="8%" | '''Category'''

|! width="510%" | '''Class'''

|! width="62%" | '''Quantity of plan'''Planned

|! width="15%" | '''Completed'''

|! width="10%" | '''Converted'''

| !width="106%" | '''Cancelled'''

|-

| LightHeavy cruiser

| ''[[{{Sclass|Tone class |cruiser|Tone]]''5}}

| 2

| ''[[{{ship|Japanese cruiser Tone|Tone]]''|1937|2}}, ''[[{{ship|Japanese cruiser |Chikuma (|1938)|Chikuma]]''2}}

| Converted to heavy cruiser.

|

|

|-

| rowspan="2"| Aircraft carrier

| ''[[Japanese aircraft carrier Sōryū|Sōryū]]''

| 2

| ''Sōryū''

| 21

| 1 vessel was converted to the ''Hiryū'' class

| ''[[{{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier Sōryū|Sōryū]]''||2}}

| 1One planned vessel was converted to the ''Hiryū'' classinstead.

|

|-

| ''[[Japanese aircraft carrier Hiryū|Hiryū]]''

|

| ''Hiryū''

| 1

| ''[[{{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier Hiryū|Hiryū]]''||2}}

|

|

|-

| rowspan="2"|Destroyer

| ''[[{{Sclass|Shiratsuyu class |destroyer|Shiratsuyu]]''5}}

| 4

| ''[[{{Ship|Japanese destroyer Umikaze|Umikaze]]''|1936|2}}, ''[[{{ship|Japanese destroyer Yamakaze|Yamakaze]]''|1936|2}}, ''[[{{ship|Japanese destroyer Kawakaze|Kawakaze]]''|1936|2}}, ''[[{{ship|Japanese destroyer Suzukaze|Suzukaze]]''||2}}

|

|

|-

| ''[[{{Sclass|Asashio class |destroyer|Asashio]]''5}}

| 10

| ''[[Japanese destroyer Asashio (1936)|Asashio]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Ōshio|Ōshio]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Michishio|Michishio]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Arashio|Arashio]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Yamagumo (19381937)|Yamagumo]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Natsugumo (1937)|Natsugumo]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Asagumo (1938)|Asagumo]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Minegumo (1937)|Minegumo]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Arare (1937)|Arare]]'', ''[[Japanese destroyer Kasumi (1937)|Kasumi]]''

|

|

|-

| Torpedo boat

| ''[[{{Sclass|Ōtori class |torpedo boat|Ōtori]]''5}}

| 16

| ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Ōtori (1935)|Ōtori]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Hiyodori|Hiyodori]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Hayabusa (1935)|Hayabusa]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Kasasagi (1935)|Kasasagi]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Kiji (1937)|Kiji]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Kari (1937)|Kari]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Sagi (1937)|Sagi]]'', ''[[Japanese torpedo boat Hato (1937)|Hato]]''

|

| 8 vessels were cancelled.

|-

| Cruiser submarine

| ''[[Japanese Junsen type submarine#Junsen III (I-7 class)|I-7]]''

| 2

| {{Jsub|I-7||2}}, {{Jsub|I-8||2}}

| ''[[Japanese submarine I-7|I-7]]'', ''[[Japanese submarine I-8|I-8]]''

|

|

|-

| Large sized submarine

| ''[[Kaidai -class submarine#Kaidai VIVIa/b (I-168 class and I-174 class)|I-74]]''

| 2

| ''[[Japanese submarine I-174|I-74]]'', ''[[Japanese submarine I-175|I-75]]''

Line 67 ⟶ 74:

|

|-

| Seaplane tender Type-A (10,000 tons-ton class)

| ''Chitose''

| 2

| ''[[{{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier Chitose|Chitose]]''||2}}, ''[[{{ship|Japanese aircraft carrier Chiyoda|Chiyoda]]''||2}}

|

|

|-

| Seaplane tender Type-B (9,000 tons-ton class)

| ''[[Japanese seaplane carrier Mizuho|Mizuho]]''

| 1

| ''Mizuho''

| 1

| ''[[{{ship|Japanese seaplane carrier Mizuho|Mizuho]]''||2}}

|

|

|-

| Submarine chaser

| Subchaser

| ''[[JapaneseNo.1-class subchasersubmarine chaser|No.3|PC-3]]''

| 1

| {{ship|Japanese submarine chaser|No.3||2}}

| ''PC-3''

|

|

|-

| SubchaserSubmarine chaser (Small: diesel)

| ''[[Dai No.251-class Gōauxiliary classsubmarine subchaserchaser|PC-No.51]]''

| 2

| ''[[Japanese subchaserauxiliary submarine chaser No.251|PC-No.51]]'', ''[[Japanese subchaserauxiliary submarine chaser No.252|PC-No.52]]''

|

|

|-

| SubchaserSubmarine chaser (Small: turbine)

| ''[[JapaneseNo.251-class subchaserauxiliary submarine chaser|No.253|PC-53]]''

| 1

| ''[[Japanese auxiliary submarine chaser No.253|No.53]]''

| ''PC-53''

|

|

Line 105 ⟶ 112:

| ''Tsurugizaki''

| 2

| ''[[Japanese aircraft carrier Shōhō|Tsurugizaki]]'', ''[[Japanese aircraft carrier Zuihō|ZuihōTakasaki]]''

| Both converted into [[Zuihō-class aircraft carrier|Shōhō-class aircraft carriers]] prior to the war, in which both were lost.

| 1 vessel was converted to submarine tender<br/>1 vessel was converted to aircraft carrier

|

|-

| Repair ship

| ''[[Japanese repair ship Akashi|Akashi]]''

| 1

| ''Akashi''

| 1

| ''[[{{ship|Japanese repair ship Akashi|Akashi]]''||2}}

|

|

|-

|}

==See also==

* [[1st Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1931)|1st Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 1 Keikaku, 1931)

* [[3rd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1937)|3rd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 3 Keikaku, 1937)

* [[4th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1939)|4th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 4 Keikaku, 1939)

* [[Temporal Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1940)|Temporal Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Rin Keikaku, 1940)

* [[Rapidly Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1941)|Rapidly Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Kyū Keikaku, 1941)

* [[Additional Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1941)|Additional Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Tui Keikaku, 1941)

* [[5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1941)|5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 5 Keikaku, 1941)

* [[6th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1942)|6th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 6 Keikaku, 1942)

* [[Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1942)|Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Kai-Maru 5 Keikaku, 1942)

* [[Wartime Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1944)|Wartime Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Sen Keikaku, 1944)

==Notes==

Line 122 ⟶ 141:

==References==

*{{cite book

[[:ja:マル2計画|マル2計画]] (ja)

| last = Evans

| first = David

| year = 1979

| title = Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887-1941

| publisher = US Naval Institute Press

| ___location =

| isbn = 0-87021-192-7

}}

{{IJN Naval Armnament Supplement Programs}}

==See also==

*[[1st Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1931)|1st Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 1 Keikaku, 1931)

*[[2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1934)|2nd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 2 Keikaku, 1934)

*[[3rd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1937)|3rd Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 3 Keikaku, 1937)

*[[4th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1939)|4th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 4 Keikaku, 1939)

*[[Temporal Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1940)|Temporal Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Rin Keikaku, 1940)

*[[Rapidly Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1941)|Rapidly Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Kyū Keikaku, 1941)

*[[Additional Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1941)|Additional Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Tui Keikaku, 1941)

*[[5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1941)|5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 5 Keikaku, 1941)

*[[6th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1942)|6th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru 6 Keikaku, 1942)

*[[Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1942)|Modified 5th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Kai-Maru 5 Keikaku, 1942)

*[[Wartime Naval Armaments Supplement Programme (Japan, 1944)|Wartime Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]] (Maru Sen Keikaku, 1944)

[[Category:Imperial Japanese Navy|Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]]

[[Category:MilitaryNaval history of Japan|Naval Armaments Supplement Programme]]

[[ja:マル2計画]]