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:''Not to be confused with [[{{distinguish|Interplanetary Internet]].''}}
{{Internet}}
'''Intergalactic Computer Network''' or '''Galactic Network'''<ref>{{cite web|author=Leiner, Barry M. et al.|title="Origins of the Internet" in A Brief History of the Internet version 3.32|publisher=The Internet Society|date=2003-12-10| url=http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml#Origins|accessdateaccess-date=2007-11-03|display-authors=etal}}</ref> ('''IGCN''') was a computer networking concept similar to today's [[Internet]].
[[J.C.R. Licklider]], the first director of the [[Information Processing Techniques Office]] (IPTO) at the [[The Pentagon]]'s [[DARPA|ARPA]], used the term in the early 1960s to refer to a networking system he “imagined"imagined as an electronic commons open to all, ‘the'the main and essential medium of informational interaction for governments, institutions, corporations, and individuals.’”'"<ref name="Garreau2006">{{cite book|last=Garreau|first=Joel|title=Radical Evolution: The Promise and Peril of Enhancing Our Minds, Our Bodies--and what it Means to be Human|url=httphttps://books.google.com/books?id=YCuOKOD5nY4C&pg=PA22|year=2006|publisher=Broadway|isbn=978-0-7679-1503-8|page=22}}</ref><ref name=britannica>{{cite webencyclopedia | title=Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) (United States Government) | workencyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica | publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. | url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/745612/Defense-Advanced-Research-Projects-Agency-DARPA#ref829305 | accessdateaccess-date=11 January 2014 }}</ref> An office memorandum he sent to his colleagues in 1963 was addressed to "Members and Affiliates of the Intergalactic Computer Network".<ref>{{cite web|author=Licklider, J. C. R.|title=Topics for Discussion at the Forthcoming Meeting, Memorandum For: Members and Affiliates of the Intergalactic Computer Network|date=23 April 1963|___location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Advanced Research Projects Agency, via KurzweilAI.net |url=http://www.kurzweilai.net/memorandum-for-members-and-affiliates-of-the-intergalactic-computer-network|accessdateaccess-date=2013-01-26}}</ref> As head of IPTO from 1962 to 1964, “Licklider"Licklider initiated three of the most important developments in information technology: the creation of [[computer science]] departments at several major universities, [[time-sharing]], and networking.”<ref name=britannica/> By the late 1960s, his promotion of the concept had inspired a primitive version of his vision called [[Arpanet]], which expanded into aComputer network of networks in the 1970s that became the [[Internet|networking]]."<ref name="Garreau2006"britannica/>
Licklider first learned about time-sharing from [[Christopher Strachey]] at the inaugural [[International Federation for Information Processing#History|UNESCO Information Processing Conference]] in Paris in 1959.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill|url-access=registration|title=How the Web was Born: The Story of the World Wide Web|last1=Gillies|first1=James M.|last2=Gillies|first2=James|last3=Gillies|first3=James and Cailliau Robert|last4=Cailliau|first4=R.|date=2000|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-286207-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/howwebwasbornsto00gill/page/13 13]|language=en}}</ref>
By the late 1960s, his promotion of the concept had inspired a primitive version of his vision called [[ARPANET]]. ARPANET expanded into a network of networks in the 1970s that became the [[Internet]].<ref name="Garreau2006"/>
==See also==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin|2}}
*{{cite book|author=Jones, Steve|title=Encyclopedia of New Media|url=httphttps://booksarchive.google.comorg/books?id=26NyHREJwP8C&pgdetails/encyclopediaofne00jone|url-access=PT253registration|year=2003|publisher=Sage Publications, via GoogleInternet BooksArchive limited preview|isbn=0-7619-2382-9|accessdateaccess-date=2007-11-03|page=[https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofne00jone/page/287 287]}}
*{{cite news|author=Page, Dan and Cynthia Lee |title=Looking Back at Start of a Revolution |work=UCLA Today |publisher=The Regents of the University of California (UC Regents) |year=1999 |url=http://www.today.ucla.edu/1999/990928looking.html |accessdateaccess-date=2007-11-03 |archiveurl archive-url= httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20071224090235/http://www.today.ucla.edu/1999/990928looking.html <!-- Bot retrieved |archive --> |archivedate date= 2007-12-24 |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.columbia.edu/~rh120/other/misc/lick101.doc|author=Hauben, Ronda|date=19 March 2001|title=Draft for Comment 1.001, "The Information Processing Techniques Office and the Birth of the Internet"|format=Microsoft Word|accessdateaccess-date=2007-11-03}}
{{refend}}
[[Category:Wide area networks]]
[[Category:Texts related to the history of the Internet]]
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