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{{Short description|Network for Climate knowledge and development}}
{{Infobox
|image = CDKN's logo.png
|formation = 2010
|type = Alliance: Led by
|website = [http://cdkn.org/?loclang=en_gb cdkn.org]
}}
The '''Climate and Development Knowledge Network''' ('''CDKN''') works to enhance the quality of life for the poorest and most [[Climate change vulnerability|vulnerable to climate change]]. CDKN does this by combining research, advisory services and knowledge management in support of locally owned and managed policy processes. It works in partnership with decision-makers in the public, private and non-governmental sectors nationally, regionally and globally.<ref>
CDKN is led by SouthSouthNorth<ref>{{cite web|url=https://southsouthnorth.org/|title=SouthSouthNorth - Towards climate resilience|author=|date=|website=southsouthnorth.org|access-date=5 March 2019}}</ref> in South Africa, in partnership with Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ffla.net/|title=Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano - Inicio|author=|date=|website=www.ffla.net|access-date=5 March 2019}}</ref> in Ecuador, ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability, South Asia,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://southasia.iclei.org/|title=Home - ICLEI South Asia|author=|date=|website=southasia.iclei.org|access-date=5 March 2019}}</ref> in India, and the [[Overseas Development Institute]] in the UK.
▲CDKN does this by combining research, advisory services and knowledge management in support of locally owned and managed policy processes. It works in partnership with decision-makers in the public, private and non-governmental sectors nationally, regionally and globally.<ref>[https://www.weadapt.org/organisation/cdkn The Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN)], WeAdapt, accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
CDKN works across [[Africa]], [[Asia]] and [[Latin America and the Caribbean]], with a focus on
▲CDKN works across [[Africa]], [[Asia]] and [[Latin America and the Caribbean]], with a focus on 12 priority countries: Kenya, Rwanda, Ethiopia, Uganda, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, India, Indonesia, Colombia, Peru and El Salvador.<ref>[https://www.odi.org/projects/2202-climate-and-development-knowledge-network-cdkn CDKN Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN)], Overseas Development Institute, accessdate 1 May 2017</ref>
== Africa ==
=== Future Climate
CDKN
▲CDKN hosts the Future Climate for Africa programme's Capacity Development and Knowledge Exchange Unit. Future Climate for Africa (FCFA) aims to generate fundamentally new climate science focused on Africa, and to ensure that this science has an impact on human development across the continent. FCFA's goal is to reduce disruption and damage from climate change and to safeguard economic development and poverty eradication efforts over the long-term. In this way, FCFA aims to make new African infrastructure and urban and rural plans and investments more climate-resilient.<ref>[http://www.preventionweb.net/organizations/20706 Future Climate for Africa], PreventionWeb, accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
=== A climate change curriculum for Southern Africa ===▼
CDKN also supported seven universities from five southern African countries in a project led by the [[University of Cape Town]], to develop a master's curriculum on climate change and sustainable development for the [[Southern African Regional Universities Association]] (SARUA).<ref>[http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20140910113736177 A climate change curriculum for Southern Africa
=== Building Rwanda's capacity for climate compatible development ===
CDKN has been involved in capacity building in Rwanda through the national environment and climate change fund, FONERWA – the largest climate fund of its kind in Africa. By building capacity at national and district level to scope, develop and implement successful climate compatible development projects, the work will help support implementation of Rwanda's Green Growth & Climate Resilience Strategy and build momentum for low carbon, climate resilient economic growth in the country.<ref>
As part of continued work in Rwanda through the project, "Building resilience in Rwanda through business collaboration," a CDKN-funded research study showed that small businesses around Nyabugogo River, Gatsata and other water catchment areas in [[Kigali]] could face further losses due to flooding if no urgent actions are taken to address the problem. A survey, carried out as part of the project, looked at how small businesses in Kigali are being affected by recurrent flooding, and found that the areas experienced losses estimated at Rwf178.2 million in direct and indirect damages caused by floods.<ref name=nyabugogo>[http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/Printer/2016-03-17/198071/ Nyabugogo businesses lose Rwf178m to flooding annually, shows survey
▲CDKN has been involved in capacity building in Rwanda through the national environment and climate change fund, FONERWA – the largest climate fund of its kind in Africa. By building capacity at national and district level to scope, develop and implement successful climate compatible development projects, the work will help support implementation of Rwanda's Green Growth & Climate Resilience Strategy and build momentum for low carbon, climate resilient economic growth in the country.<ref>[http://southsouthnorth.org/climate-and-development-knowledge-network-cdkn/ Climate and Development Knowledge Network (CDKN)], South South North, accessdate 3 May 2017</ref>
The Minister for Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs, Seraphine Mukantabana, said the findings are part of the needed continued efforts to sustain all actions for reducing disaster risks and building disaster-resilient communities: "We have the second Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy to sustain the development momentum but we know potential obstacles that could impede achievement of these goals due to increasing disaster risks and [[effects of climate change|impact of climate change]]."<ref name=nyabugogo />▼
▲As part of continued work in Rwanda through the project, "Building resilience in Rwanda through business collaboration," a CDKN-funded research study showed that small businesses around Nyabugogo River, Gatsata and other water catchment areas in [[Kigali]] could face further losses due to flooding if no urgent actions are taken to address the problem. A survey, carried out as part of the project, looked at how small businesses in Kigali are being affected by recurrent flooding, and found that the areas experienced losses estimated at Rwf178.2 million in direct and indirect damages caused by floods.<ref name=nyabugogo>[http://www.newtimes.co.rw/section/Printer/2016-03-17/198071/ Nyabugogo businesses lose Rwf178m to flooding annually, shows survey], The New Times, accessdate 3 May 2017</ref>
▲The Minister for Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs, Seraphine Mukantabana, said the findings are part of the needed continued efforts to sustain all actions for reducing disaster risks and building disaster-resilient communities: "We have the second Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy to sustain the development momentum but we know potential obstacles that could impede achievement of these goals due to increasing disaster risks and impact of climate change."<ref name=nyabugogo />
In 2016, CDKN produced the report
▲=== The impacts of climate change in Uganda ===
▲In 2016, CDKN produced the report, an [https://cdkn.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/UGANDA_Economic-assessment-of-climate-change_WEB.pdf Economic assessment of the impacts of climate change in Uganda], which was commissioned by the Government of [[Uganda]]. It aimed to provide the Government with economic evidence on the current and future costs associated with climate variability and predicted climate change, and the necessary adaptation measures for different sectors at both national and local scales. This evidence is intended to help policy-makers mainstream climate change and resilience into national and sectoral policies and develop the case for investing in adaptation.<ref name=uganda20>[https://www.weadapt.org/knowledge-base/national-adaptation-planning/inaction-on-climate-change-will-cost-uganda-20-times-more-than-adaptation Inaction on climate change will cost Uganda 20 times more than adaptation], WeAdapt, accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
Evidence from the study has already informed Uganda's [[Intended Nationally Determined Contribution]] (INDC) to the 21st Conference of Parties (COP 21) to the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] (UNFCCC) in Paris, France, in late 2015.<ref name=uganda20 />
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=== The Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan ===
After a heat wave hit [[Ahmedabad]], a western city of 5.5 million people, in May 2010, killing over 1,300 people, local authorities mapped areas with "high-risk" populations including slums, as part of an extreme heat action plan.<ref name=nita>[https://web.archive.org/web/20151227102019/http://in.reuters.com/article/india-heatwave-disasters-idINKBN0OD2GT20150529 Ahmedabad offers way to beat the heat as 1,786 killed in heat wave], Nita Bhalla, Reuters,
The project built up public awareness of the risks of high temperatures and set up "cooling spaces" in temples, public buildings and malls in the summer months.<ref name=nita />
The plan also involved community outreach initiatives, putting an early warning system in place that provides a seven-day advance forecast about high temperatures and impending heat waves, and capacity-building of health-case professionals to treat people with heat-related complications.<ref name=langa >[http://www.pressreader.com/india/the-hindu/20170402/283072709125329 How Ahmedabad beat the heat], Mahesh Langa, The Hindu,
Women and young people at the forefront of [[climate change adaptation|climate adaptation]] action. The Ahmedabad heat wave project shows that women hawkers and street vendors are natural and easy brokers of learning around how to deal with heat wave. They pick up measures to respond as well as pass on the message to other women and children in the city.<ref>[http://reliefweb.int/report/india/feature-severe-heat-wave-grips-india-authorities-can-draw-insights-ahmedabad-experience Severe heat wave grips India – Authorities can draw on insights from Ahmedabad experience
=== Enhancing upstream-downstream cooperation and equitable water access in Nepal ===
In Nepal, CDKN through this project directly responds to expressed demand from water user groups, municipal governments, and national government about growing contestation with upstream communities, and have requested design interventions to ensure sustainable water flow. This project draws from over five years of research and local engagement on the interrelation of water, urbanization, and climate change in three rapidly urbanizing cities experiencing water stress carried by [http://www.sias-southasia.org/ Southasia Institute of Advanced Studies]. It also seeks to contribute to climate adaptive and inclusive water governance by catalyzing evidence and encouraging informed decision-making processes at local, provincial, and federal levels of government. In doing so, it seeks to enhance institutional mechanisms for cooperation and equitable water access.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2019|title=City level water forum for inclusive and equitable water governance|url=http://www.sias-southasia.org/ongoing-research-projects/city-level-water-forum-for-inclusive-and-equitable-water-governance/|url-status=live|access-date=2020-12-01|website=SIAS, Southasia Institute for Advanced Studies|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114163540/http://www.sias-southasia.org/ongoing-research-projects/city-level-water-forum-for-inclusive-and-equitable-water-governance/ |archive-date=2021-01-14 }}</ref>
=== Scaling up climate smart agriculture ===
In Nepal, the CDKN project "Scaling Up Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) in Nepal", is developing portfolios of targeted climate-smart agricultural technologies and practices for benefitting women and marginalised farmers of the three agro-ecological zones of Nepal.<ref>
▲In Nepal, the CDKN project "Scaling Up Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) in Nepal", is developing portfolios of targeted climate-smart agricultural technologies and practices for benefitting women and marginalised farmers of the three agro-ecological zones of Nepal.<ref>[http://libird.org/app/projects/view.aspx?record_id=61 Scaling Up Climate Smart Agriculture in Nepal (CSA)], LI-BIRD, accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
=== Pakistan's renewable energy potential ===
Another CDKN project found that the use of photovoltaic panels in an industrial sector in Sialkot, Pakistan, could mitigate up to 377,000 tons of carbon dioxide and gain average savings of US$27,400 per year on electricity costs. The project, conducted alongside Ecofys, assessed a Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMA) as a policy tool to provide renewable energy to the city's industry.<ref>
▲Another CDKN project found that the use of photovoltaic panels in an industrial sector in Sialkot, Pakistan, could mitigate up to 377,000 tons of carbon dioxide and gain average savings of US$27,400 per year on electricity costs. The project, conducted alongside Ecofys, assessed a Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action (NAMA) as a policy tool to provide renewable energy to the city's industry.<ref>[http://www.ecofys.com/en/news/sialkot-in-pakistan-nama-could-provide-industry-with-access-to-renewables-a/ NAMA could provide industry with access to renewables and trigger significant emissions reductions], Ecofys, accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
== Latin America and the Caribbean ==
=== Cities Footprint Project ===
In Latin America and the Caribbean, CDKN is working alongside municipal governments to orientate the growth of their cities towards low carbon and climate resilient development through the Cities Footprint Project. In its first phase, Cities Footprints has been implemented in three cities: La Paz in Bolivia, Quito in Ecuador and Lima in Perú.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.citiesfootprint.com/index.html|title=- Hot online porn|author=|date=|website=www.citiesfootprint.com|access-date=5 March 2019}}</ref>▼
The project focuses on assessing the carbon and water footprints of each municipal government and of each participating city, and on promoting [greenhouse gas emissions] reductions and water management measures that contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation respectively.<ref>
▲In Latin America and the Caribbean, CDKN is working alongside municipal governments to orientate the growth of their cities towards low carbon and climate resilient development through the Cities Footprint Project. In its first phase, Cities Footprints has been implemented in three cities: La Paz in Bolivia, Quito in Ecuador and Lima in Perú.
▲The project focuses on assessing the carbon and water footprints of each municipal government and of each participating city, and on promoting [greenhouse gas emissions] reductions and water management measures that contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation respectively.<ref>[http://ella.practicalaction.org/knowledge-new-post/introducing-the-cities-footprint-project/ Introducing the Cities Footprint], ELLA Network accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
=== Resilient Cities Initiative on Climate Change in Latin America and the Caribbean ===
A joint initiative between the [[International Development Research Centre]] (IDRC) and CDKN, the Resilient Cities Initiative, helps strengthen decision-making and scale-up effective action on climate resilient development to improve the livelihoods of those most affected by climate change in Latin America.<ref name=idrc>
▲A joint initiative between the [[International Development Research Centre]] (IDRC) and CDKN, the Resilient Cities Initiative, helps strengthen decision-making and scale-up effective action on climate resilient development to improve the livelihoods of those most affected by climate change in Latin America.<ref name=idrc>[https://www.idrc.ca/en/project/resilient-cities-initiative-climate-change-latin-america-and-caribbean Resilient Cities Initiative on Climate Change in Latin America and the Caribbean], International Development Research Centre (IDRC) accessdate 2 May 2017</ref>
According to IDRC, the projects are:
* "Home" as a catalyst for resilience: relocation in the Amazon Rainforest. This project investigates how new settlements can be designed to be resilient to climate change, create social cohesion, and promote alternative livelihood opportunities, with a focus on Nuevo Belen in Iquitos, Peru.
* A participatory decision-making approach towards climate-resilient and inclusive urban development in Latin America. This project will develop and apply a practical, innovative, and participatory methodology and toolbox to support climate resilient, inclusive urban development in the rapidly growing cities of Latin America, with a focus on Santa Ana, El Salvador, Dos Quebradas, Colombia, and Santo Tome, Argentina.
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* Effects of booms and busts and climate disturbances on livelihoods and resilience of small Amazon delta cities. This project will chart the history of economic misfortunes and climate variability and change in small Amazon delta cities.<ref name=idrc />
== Negotiations
CDKN's Negotiations Support programme provides legal and technical support to negotiators from the most climate vulnerable countries. These countries have the most to lose from climate change but are often unable to fully represent their interests in international climate negotiations.<ref>
▲CDKN's Negotiations Support programme provides legal and technical support to negotiators from the most climate vulnerable countries. These countries have the most to lose from climate change but are often unable to fully represent their interests in international climate negotiations.<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/dfid-research-outputs/supporting-international-climate-negotiators-a-monitoring-and-evaluation-framework Supporting international climate negotiators – a monitoring and evaluation framework], www.gov.uk, accessdate 16 May 2017</ref>
CDKN funds and supports the Legal Response Initiative (LRI), which seeks to create a more level playing field between actors in the climate change negotiations.<ref name=lri>
The Legal Response Initiative provides free legal support to poor and particularly climate vulnerable developing countries, and civil society observer organisations, at international negotiations under the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] (UNFCCC). It operates through a network of lawyers from law firms, barrister chambers and universities in different jurisdictions who give hands-on assistance during meetings, draft legal opinions or build the capacity of lawyers and negotiators from developing countries.<ref name=lri2>
▲== Legal Response Initiative (LRI) ==
The Legal Response Initiative won 'Best Education Initiative' at the Climate Week Awards in 2014<ref name=lri2 /> and 2017.<ref>
▲CDKN funds and supports the Legal Response Initiative (LRI), which seeks to create a more level playing field between actors in the climate change negotiations.<ref name=lri>[http://legalresponseinitiative.org/about-us/supporters/ Legal Response Initiative], Supporting us, accessdate 4 May 2017</ref>
▲The Legal Response Initiative provides free legal support to poor and particularly climate vulnerable developing countries, and civil society observer organisations, at international negotiations under the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] (UNFCCC). It operates through a network of lawyers from law firms, barrister chambers and universities in different jurisdictions who give hands-on assistance during meetings, draft legal opinions or build the capacity of lawyers and negotiators from developing countries.<ref name=lri2>[http://legalresponseinitiative.org/ Legal Response Initiative], About, accessdate 4 May 2017</ref>
▲The Legal Response Initiative won 'Best Education Initiative' at the Climate Week Awards in 2014<ref name=lri2 /> and 2017.<ref>[https://cdkn.org/2014/03/news-cdkn-wins-climate-week-award-for-legal-response-initiative/?loclang=en_gb CDKN wins Climate Week Award for Legal Response Initiative], Climate and Development Knowledge Network, accessdate 4 May 2017</ref>
== CDKN book: Mainstreaming climate compatible development ==
In 2015, CDKN launched a digital book,
== Partnerships ==
In 2015, CDKN became the co-secretariat of the [[Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership (LEDS GP)]] alongside the [[National Renewable Energy Laboratory]] (NREL).<ref>
CDKN is also an active member of the Climate Technology Centre and Network,<ref>
▲In 2015, CDKN became the co-secretariat of the [[Low Emission Development Strategies Global Partnership (LEDS GP)]] alongside the [[National Renewable Energy Laboratory]] (NREL).<ref>[http://ledsgp.org/about/?loclang=en_gb About Low Emission Development Global Partnership] accessdate 3 May 2017</ref>
▲CDKN is also an active member of the Climate Technology Centre and Network,<ref>[https://www.ctc-n.org/network/network-members/climate-and-development-knowledge-network Climate and Development Knowledge Network], CTC-N, accessdate 3 May 2017</ref> the Green Growth Knowledge Platform<ref>[http://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/organization/climate-and-development-knowledge-network-cdkn Knowledge partners], Green Growth Knowledge Platform, accessdate 3 May 2017</ref> and the Climate Knowledge Brokers Group.<ref>[https://www.reeep.org/climate-knowledge-brokers-group Climate Knowledge Brokers], accessdate 3 May 2017</ref>
== References ==
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== External links ==
* [http://cdkn.org/?loclang=en_gb Climate and Development Knowledge Network]
* [http://www.pwc.co.uk/ PricewaterhouseCoopers]
* [
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120804114612/http://www.ffla.net/new/ Fundación Futuro Latinoamericano]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130812161538/http://www.lead.org.pk/ Lead Pakistan]
* [http://www.southsouthnorth.org/ SouthSouthNorth]
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[[Category:Low-carbon economy]]
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