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VulcanSphere (talk | contribs) m Adding local short description: "XML-based file format", overriding Wikidata description "file format" |
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{{Short description|XML-based file format}}
{{Infobox file format
| name = TTML
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| extended_from = [[XML]]
| standard = [https://www.w3.org/TR/ttml1/ W3C TTML1]
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}}
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|title=WebVTT versus TTML: XML considered harmful for web captions?
|accessdate=16 February 2015
}}</ref>
}}</ref> In February 2012 the [[Federal Communications Commission|FCC]] declared the [[Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers|SMPTE]] closed-captioning standard for online video content, a superset of TTML, as a "safe harbor interchange, delivery format".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.smpte.org/news-events/news-releases/fcc-declares-smpte-closed-captioning-standard-online-video-content-safe |title=FCC Declares SMPTE Closed-Captioning Standard For Online Video Content As Safe Harbor Interchange, Delivery Format |accessdate=20 February 2015}}</ref>▼
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In 2015, [[Netflix]], Home Box Office ([[HBO]]), [[Telestream]], [[SMPTE]], and [[W3C]] received a [[Technology & Engineering Emmy Award#2015 Awards|Technology & Engineering Emmy Award]] for the category “Standardization and Pioneering Development of Non-Live Broadband Captioning,” for their work on TTML.
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=== EBU-TT ===
The [[European Broadcasting Union]] (EBU) defined several related profiles. EBU-TT Part 1 (Tech3350) uses a subset of [https://www.w3.org/TR/ttml1/ TTML1] constraining the features to make it more suitable for archive, exchange and use with broadcast video and web video applications.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3350 |title=Part 1: EBU-TT Part 1 - Subtitle format definition (EBU Tech 3350) |date=24 May 2017}}</ref> EBU-TT Part 3 (Tech3370) extends and constrains Part 1 further, in particular adding functionality to support live streaming of subtitles from the subtitle author to a distribution encoder.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3370 |title=Part 1: EBU-TT Part 3 Live Subtitling (EBU Tech 3370) |date=24 May 2017}}</ref> EBU-TT-D (Tech3380) is highly constrained profile of TTML1 intended specifically for distribution to players, and has been adopted by HbbTV, DVB and Freeview Play for example.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3380 |title=EBU-TT-D Subtitling Distribution Format (Tech3380) |date=22 May 2018}}</ref>
=== IMSC ===
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[https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/102700_102799/102796/01.05.01_60/ts_102796v010501p.pdf ETSI TS 102 796 V1.5.1 (2018-09)] is the HbbTV 2.0.2 specification. It specifies that conformant players must be able to play back EBU-TT-D subtitles delivered online for example in ISO BMFF via MPEG DASH, as well as allowing for other existing broadcast subtitle formats.
At [https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2017/504/# WWDC 2017] Apple announced support for IMSC 1 Text Profile in HLS, and shortly after shipped systems that include presentation support, including [[iOS]] and [[tvOS]].▼
=== Freeview Play ===
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CMAF is the Common Media Application Format published by MPEG as part 19 of [[MPEG-A]], also published as [https://www.iso.org/standard/71975.html ISO/IEC 23000-19:2018 Information technology -- Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) -- Part 19: Common media application format (CMAF) for segmented media]. The format specifies CMFHD presentation profiles in which subtitle tracks shall include at least one "switching set" for each language and role in the IMSC 1 Text profile, while also allowing for other representations of subtitles in WebVTT.
▲==== HLS ====
▲At [https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2017/504/# WWDC 2017] Apple announced support for IMSC 1 Text Profile in HLS, and shortly after shipped systems that include presentation support, including [[iOS]] and [[tvOS]].
== References ==
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