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{{for|the bibliographic database about the geosciences|GeoRef}}
{{Refimprove|date=September 2012}}
{{short description|Grid-based method of specifying locations}}
The '''World Geographic Reference System''' ('''GEOREF''') is a [[geocode]], a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the [[Earth]]. GEOREF is essentially based on the geographic system of [[latitude]] and [[longitude]], but using a simpler and more flexible [[notation]]. GEOREF was used primarily in [[aeronautical chart]]s for [[air navigation]],<ref>{{cite report |author=DMA |author-link=Defense Mapping Agency |date=20 September 1990 |title=Defense Mapping Agency Technical Manual |series=TM 8358.1 |chapter=Chapter 5: Geographic Coordinate References |chapter-url=http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/publications/tm8358.1/tr83581c.html#ZZ38 |access-date=2016-12-16}}</ref> particularly in military or inter-service applications, but it is rarely seen today.{{cn|date=October 2020}} However, GEOREF can be used with any map or chart that has latitude and longitude printed on it.▼
== Quadrangles ==
▲The '''World Geographic Reference System''' ('''GEOREF''') is a grid-based method of specifying locations on the surface of the [[Earth]]. GEOREF is essentially based on the geographic system of [[latitude]] and [[longitude]], but using a simpler and more flexible [[notation]]. GEOREF was used primarily for [[air navigation]],<ref>{{cite report |author=DMA |author-link=Defense Mapping Agency |date=20 September 1990 |title=Defense Mapping Agency Technical Manual |series=TM 8358.1 |chapter=Chapter 5: Geographic Coordinate References |chapter-url=http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/publications/tm8358.1/tr83581c.html#ZZ38 |access-date=2016-12-16}}</ref> particularly in military or inter-service applications, but it is rarely seen today. However, GEOREF can be used with any map or chart that has latitude and longitude printed on it.
GEOREF is based on the standard system of [[latitude]] and [[longitude]], but uses a simpler and more concise notation. GEOREF divides the Earth's surface into successively smaller quadrangles, with a notation system used to identify each quadrangle within its parent. Unlike latitude/longitude, GEOREF runs in one direction horizontally, east from the 180° [[meridian (geography)|meridian]]; and one direction vertically, north from the [[South Pole]]. GEOREF can easily be adapted to give co-ordinates with varying degrees of precision, using a 2–12 character [[geocode]].
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[[Image:georef-local.jpg|thumb|256px|right|The GJ local grid]]
For example, on a GEOREF chart, [[Naval Air Station Patuxent River]] (38°17′10″N 76°24′42″W) / (38.286108, -76.4291704) is located (to the nearest minute) at position
[[Image:Georef Example Patuxent.png|Breakdown of Georef co-ordinate GJPJ3716 into 15-degree quadrangle (GJ), 1-degree quadrangle (PJ), minutes east (
To locate the position from the coordinates, proceed as follows:
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* Right in zone GJ to the lettered 1° column P
* Up in zone GJ to the lettered 1° row J
* Right in the 1° horizontal zone to
* Up in the 1° vertical zone to
The same co-ordinate shown in 6-digit (1/10 minute) format is
== Designation of area ==
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== See also ==
*[[List of geodesic-geocoding systems]]
* [[Global Area Reference System]] (GARS)
* [[Maximum elevation figure]] correlated to each GEOREF quadrangle on [[visual flight rules|VFR]] aviation maps
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* [http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/coordsys/coordsys.html ''Coordinate Systems Overview''], from the University of Colorado
{{Geocoding-systems}}
[[Category:Geocodes]]
[[Category:Geographic coordinate systems]]
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