Embedded SQL: Difference between revisions

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'''Embedded SQL''' is a method of combining the [[computing]] power of a [[programming language]] and the [[database]] [[Data Manipulation Language|manipulation]] capabilities of [[SQL]]. Embedded SQL [[statement (programming)|statements]] are SQL statements written inline with the program [[source code]], of the host language. The embedded SQL statements are [[parsing|parsed]] by an embedded SQL [[preprocessor]] and replaced by host-language [[call site|calls]] to a code [[library (computing)|library]]. The output from the preprocessor is then compiled by the host [[compiler]]. This allows programmers to embed SQL statements in programs written in any number of languages such as [[:Category:C programming language family|C/C++]], [[COBOL]] and [[Fortran]]. This differs from SQL-derived programming languages that don't go through discrete preprocessors, such as [[PL/SQL]] and [[Transact-SQL|T-SQL]].

The SQL standards committee defined the embedded SQL standard in two steps: a formalism called '''[[Module SQL|Module Language''']] was defined, then the embedded SQL standard was derived from Module Language.<ref name="modulelang">

{{cite web

|url=http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/appdev.920/a58231/ch1.htm#2889

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SQL may also be embedded in languages like PHP etc.

The SQL standard [[SQL:2023]] is available through purchase and contains chapter '''21 Embedded SQL''' and its syntax rules.<ref>{{cite web

== Systems that support embedded SQL ==

|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/76584.html

|title=SQL Standard 2023 Chapter 21 Embedded SQL

|work=ISO/IEC 9075-2:2023 Information technology — Database languages — SQL — Part 2: Foundation (SQL/Foundation)

|publisher=[[ISO]]

|accessdate=2023-08-17

}}</ref>

== SystemsDatabase systems that support embedded SQL ==

=== Altibase ===

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=== Mimer SQL===

[[Mimer SQL]] for Linux, [[macOS]], [[OpenVMS]] and Windows support embedded SQL.<ref>{{cite web

|url=https://downloaddocs.mimer.com/pubMimerSqlManual/developer/docslatest/html_110Manuals/Mimer_SQL_Engine_DocSetEmbedded_SQL/indexEmbedded_SQL.htm

|title=Embedded SQL|publisher=[[Mimer SQL]]

|work=Mimer SQL Programmer's Manual versionlatest 11.0version, Embedded SQL}}</ref>

; C/C++

: Embedded SQL for C/C++ is supported on Linux, macOS, OpenVMS and Windows.

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=== SAP Sybase ===

SAP Sybase ASE 15.7 supports embedded SQL for C and COBOL as part of the Software Developer Kit [[Sybase]].<ref>{{cite web

|url=http://www.sybase.com/products/allproductsa-z/softwaredeveloperkit/embeddedsql
|title=EmbeddedSQL

|work=SAP Sybase Products

|publisher=SAP Sybase

|accessdate=2012-09-05

|archive-date=2009-10-23

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091023214433/http://www.sybase.com/products/allproductsa-z/softwaredeveloperkit/embeddedsql

|url-status=dead

}}</ref>

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== See also ==

* [[Language binding]]

* [[Module SQL]]

* [[PL/SQL]]

* [[Pro*C/C++]]

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* [http://infolab.stanford.edu/%7Eullman/fcdb/oracle/or-proc.html Introduction to Pro*C Embedded SQL]

* [http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/databases/2006/12/07/embedded-sql-with-pro-c.html Embedded SQL with Pro*C]

* [httphttps://tahitidocs.oracle.com/plscd/db92B10501_01/db92appdev.show_toc?partno=920/a58231/ch2.htm SQL*Module for Ada Programmer's Guide, Release 8.0]

* [https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ecpg.html ECPG, PostgreSQL Documentation]

* [https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/SSGU8G_14.1.0/com.ibm.esqlc.doc/esqlc.html ESQL/C, Informix Documentation]'

* [https://developer.mimer.com/article/embedded-sql-in-c/ Embedded SQL in C, Mimer SQL Developer]

[[Category:SQL]]