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'''Amazon Relational Database Service''' (or '''Amazon RDS''') is a distributed [[relational database]] service by [[Amazon Web Services]] (AWS).<ref>[http://aws.amazon.com/rds/ Amazon RDS, Cloud Relational Database Service: MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server]. Aws.amazon.com (2010-07-28). Retrieved on 2013-08-09.</ref> It is a [[web service]] running [[Cloud computing|"in the cloud"]] designed to simplify the setup, operation, and [[Scalability|scaling]] of a relational database for use in applications.<ref>[http://nerds.airbnb.com/mysql-in-the-cloud-at-airbnb MySQL in the cloud at Airbnb - Airbnb Engineering]. Nerds.airbnb.com (2010-11-15). Retrieved on 2013-08-09.</ref> Administration processes like patching the database software, backing up databases and enabling [[point-in-time recovery]] are managed automatically.<ref>[http://aws.amazon.com/rds/amazon-rds-introduced/ Amazon RDS, Introduced] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929183431/http://aws.amazon.com/rds/amazon-rds-introduced/ |date=2011-09-29 }}. Aws.amazon.com (2010-01-01). Retrieved on 2013-08-09.</ref> Scaling storage and compute resources can be performed by a single [[API]] call to the AWS control plane on-demand. AWS does not offer an [[Secure Shell|SSH]] connection to the underlying virtual machine as part of the managed service.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 1, 2013 |title=ssh - How do you access an Amazon RDS instance from a chromebook? |url=https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17986232/how-do-you-access-an-amazon-rds-instance-from-a-chromebook
==
Amazon RDS was first released on
In November 2014 AWS announced [[Aurora database analytics engine|Amazon Aurora]], a MySQL-compatible database offering enhanced [[high availability]] and performance,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barr |first=Jeff |date=November 12, 2014 |title=Amazon Aurora – New Cost-Effective MySQL-Compatible Database Engine for Amazon RDS |url=https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/highly-scalable-mysql-compat-rds-db-engine/
In March 2019 AWS announced support of PostgreSQL 11 in RDS,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2019/03/postgresql11-now-supported-in-amazon-rds/|title=PostgreSQL 11 now Supported in Amazon RDS|website=Amazon Web Services, Inc.}}</ref> five months after official release.
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===Multi-Availability Zone (AZ) deployment===
In May 2010 Amazon announced Multi-Availability Zone deployment support.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/about-aws/whats-new/2010/05/18/announcing-multi-az-deployments-for-amazon-rds/|title=Announcing Multi-AZ Deployments for Amazon RDS|website=Amazon Web Services, Inc.}}</ref> Amazon RDS Multi-Availability Zone (AZ) allows users to automatically provision and maintain a synchronous physical or logical "standby" [[Database replication|replica]], depending on database engine, in a different Availability Zone<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/faqs/|title=Amazon RDS Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) - Amazon Web Services (AWS)|website=Amazon Web Services, Inc.}}</ref> (independent infrastructure in a physically separate ___location). Multi-AZ database instance can be developed at creation time or modified to run as a Multi-AZ deployment later. Multi-AZ deployments aim to provide enhanced [[Availability (system)|availability]] and [[Durability (database systems)|data durability]] for MySQL, MariaDB, Oracle, PostgreSQL and SQL Server<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/details/multi-az/|title=Amazon RDS Multi-AZ Deployments|website=Amazon Web Services, Inc.}}</ref> instances and are targeted for production environments.<ref>[http://en.oreilly.com/mysql2011/public/schedule/detail/19732 Replication for Availability & Durability with MySQL and Amazon RDS: O'Reilly MySQL Conference & Expo 2011 - O'Reilly Conferences, April 11 - 14, 2011, Santa Clara, CA] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523232753/http://en.oreilly.com/mysql2011/public/schedule/detail/19732 |date=2015-05-23 }}. En.oreilly.com. Retrieved on 2013-08-09.</ref> In the event of planned database maintenance or unplanned service disruption, Amazon RDS automatically [[failover|fails over]] to the up-to-date standby, allowing database operations to resume without administrative intervention.
Multi-AZ RDS instances are optional and have a cost associated with them. When creating a RDS instance, the user is asked if they would like to use a Multi-AZ RDS instance. In Multi-AZ RDS deployments backups are done in the standby instance so I/O activity is not suspended any time but users may experience elevated latencies for a few minutes during backups.<ref name="ama rds">{{Cite web|url=https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_WorkingWithAutomatedBackups.html|title=Working With Backups - Amazon Relational Database Service|website=docs.aws.amazon.com}}</ref>
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===RDS costs===
Amazon RDS instances are priced very similarly to [[Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud]] (EC2). RDS is charged per hour and comes in two packages: On-Demand DB Instances<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/pricing/|title=Amazon RDS Pricing - Amazon Web Services|website=Amazon Web Services, Inc.}}</ref> and Reserved DB Instances.<ref name="auto1"/> On-Demand Instances are at an ongoing hourly usage rate. Reserved
Apart from the hourly cost of running the RDS instance, users are charged for the amount of storage provisioned, data transfers and input and output operations performed. AWS have introduced Provisioned Input and Output Operations, in which the user can define how many IO per second are required by their application. IOPS can contribute significantly to the total cost of running the RDS instance.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aws.amazon.com/rds/pricing/|title=Pricing|website=amazon.com|publisher=[[Amazon.com]]|access-date=2014-04-13}}</ref>
Amazon RDS also has an Aurora Serverless option. The serverless pricing unit is dollars per ACU hour. ACU stands for 'Aurora Capacity Limit'. This option is designed for customers that need to dramatically scale workloads.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AWS Cost Analysis: Amazon RDS Costs {{!}} Strake |url=https://getstrake.com/blog/aws-cost-analysis-amazon-rds-costs |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=getstrake.com |language=en}}</ref>
As part of the AWS Free Tier, the Amazon RDS Free Tier helps new AWS customers get started with a managed database service in the cloud for free. You can use the Amazon RDS Free Tier to develop new applications, test existing applications, or simply gain hands-on experience with Amazon RDS.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/free/|title=Amazon RDS Free Tier – Amazon Web Services (AWS)|website=Amazon Web Services, Inc.|language=en-US|access-date=2018-01-08}}</ref>
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==Database instance types==
As of August 2020, Amazon RDS supports 82 DB instance types - to support different types of workloads:<ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon RDS Instance Comparison|url=http://rdsinstances.info/|access-date=2016-07-13|archive-date=2016-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718191418/http://rdsinstances.info/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon RDS Instances|url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/instance-types/|access-date=2020-08-10|publisher=[Amazon.com]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Amazon RDS Previous Instances|url=https://aws.amazon.com/rds/previous-generation/|access-date=2016-07-13|publisher=[Amazon.com]}}</ref>
* General Purpose: 31 instances
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|db.r3.8xlarge|| 244 GB|| {{N/A}} || 32 cores|| 10 Gigabit
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==References==
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{{Cloud computing}}
[[Category:Cloud databases]]
[[Category:Amazon Web Services
[[Category:2009 software]]
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