SQLSTATE: Difference between revisions

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Programs calling a database whichthat accords to the [[SQL]] standard receive an indication aboutof the success or failure of the call. This return code - which is called SQLSTATE - consists of 5 bytes. They are divided into two parts: the first and second bytes contain a '''class''' and the following three a '''subclass'''. Each class belongs to one of four '''categories''': "S" denotes "Success" (class 00), "W" denotes "Warning" (class 01), "N" denotes "No data" (class 02), and "X" denotes "Exception" (all other classes).

{{More citations needed|date=December 2024}}

* Real DBMSs are free to define additional values for SQLSTATE to handle those features whichthat are beyond the standard. Such values must use one of the characters [I-Z] or [5-9] as the first byte of class (first byte of SQLSTATE) or subclass (third byte of SQLSTATE).

Programs calling a database which accords to the [[SQL]] standard receive an indication about the success or failure of the call. This return code - which is called SQLSTATE - consists of 5 bytes. They are divided into two parts: the first and second bytes contain a '''class''' and the following three a '''subclass'''. Each class belongs to one of four '''categories''': "S" denotes "Success" (class 00), "W" denotes "Warning" (class 01), "N" denotes "No data" (class 02) and "X" denotes "Exception" (all other classes).

* Real DBMSs are free to define additional values for SQLSTATE to handle those features which are beyond the standard. Such values must use one of the characters [I-Z] or [5-9] as the first byte of class (first byte of SQLSTATE) or subclass (third byte of SQLSTATE).

* In addition to SQLSTATE the SQL command <code>GET DIAGNOSTICS</code> offers more details about the last executed SQL command.

* In very early versions of the SQL standard the return code was called SQLCODE and used a different coding schema.

The following table lists the standard-conforming values - based on [[SQL:2011]].<ref name="WhitemarshWhitemarsh2" /> The table's last column shows the part of the standard that defines the row. If it is empty, the definition originates from part 2 ''Foundation''.

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==References==

{{reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="Whitemarsh2">

<ref name="Whitemarsh">{{ cite journalcitation | url = httphttps://www.wiscorp.com/sql200nsql20nn.zip | format = Zip | title = SQL:20082011 draft | publisher = Whitemarsh Information Systems Corporation }}<| archive-url = https:/ref>/web.archive.org/web/20230525220603/https://www.wiscorp.com/sql20nn.zip | archive-date = 25 May 2023

}}

</ref>

}}