Numerically controlled oscillator: Difference between revisions

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m compound modifier
 
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[[Image:Phase Accum Graph.png|frame|Figure 2: Normalized phase accumulator output]]
 
The adder is designed to overflow when the sum of the [[absolute value]] of its operands exceeds its capacity (2<sup>N</sup>−1). The overflow bit is discarded so the output word width is always equal to its input word width. The remainder <math>\phi _n</math>, called the residual, is stored in the register and the cycle repeats, starting this time from <math>\phi _n</math> (see figure 2).<ref name="Grzeg"/> Since a phase accumulator is a [[finite -state machine]], eventually the residual at some sample K must return to the initial value <math>\phi _0</math>. The interval K is referred to as the grand repetition rate (GRR) given by
:<math>\mbox{GRR}=\frac{2^N}{\mbox{GCD}(\Delta F,2^N)}</math>
 
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==Phase-to-amplitude converter==
The phase-amplitude converter creates the sample-___domain waveform from the truncated phase output word received from the PA. The PAC can be a simple [[read only memory]] containing 2<sup>M</sup> contiguous samples of the desired output waveform which typically is a sinusoid. Often though, various tricks are employed to reduce the amount of memory required. This include various trigonometric expansions,<ref>{{ cite patent | inventor-last = Miller | inventor-first = B. M. | issue-date = October 14, 2008 | title = Numerically controlled oscillator and method of operation | country-code = US | patent-number = 7437391 }}</ref> trigonometric approximations<ref name="Grzeg">{{ cite web | first1 = G. | last1 = Popek | first2 = M. | last2 = Kampik | title = Low-Spur Numerically Controlled Oscillator Using Taylor Series Approximation | url = http://mechatronika.polsl.pl/owd/pdf2009/030.pdf | date = October 2009 | work = XI International PhD Workshop OWD 2009 | publisher = Silesian University of Technology | ___location = Gliwice, Poland | access-date = 2010-02-12 | archive-date = 2011-08-20 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110820213740/http://mechatronika.polsl.pl/owd/pdf2009/030.pdf | url-status = dead }}</ref> and methods which take advantage of the quadrature symmetry exhibited by sinusoids.<ref>{{ cite patent | inventor1-last = McCallister | inventor1-first = R. D. | inventor2-last = Shearer | inventor2-first = D. | publication-date = 12/04/1984 | title = Numerically controlled oscillator using quadrant replication and function decomposition | country-code = US | patent-number = 4486846 }}</ref> Alternatively, the PAC may consist of [[random access memory]] which can be filled as desired to create an [[arbitrary waveform generator]].
 
==Spurious products==
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==See also==
* [[Direct digital synthesis]] (DDS)
* [[Digital-to-analog converter]] (DAC)
* [[Digitally controlled oscillator]] (DCO)
* [[Direct digital synthesis]] (DDS)
 
==References==